Modelling sediment resuspension and transport induced by ships propellers in ports – the study case of the Port of Genoa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Guarnieri ◽  
Sina Saremi ◽  
Jacob H. Jensen ◽  
Andrea Pedroncini ◽  
Marco Vaccari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Topography ◽  
Sediment Resuspension ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Drastic Reduction ◽  
Erosion And Deposition ◽  
New Science ◽  
Sea Bed ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Study Case ◽  
The Stability

<p>The action of propellers induced jets on the seabed of ports and harbors might be responsible of erosion and deposition of sediment around the port basin, potentially inducing important variations of the bottom topography in the medium to long time scales. Such dynamics constantly repeated for long periods can result in drastic reduction of ships’ clearance - in the case of deposition - or might be a threat for the stability and duration of the structures - in the case of erosion in the close vicinity of births and decks. These sediment processes are sources of problems for the port managing authorities, both for the safety of navigation and for the optimization of the management and maintenance of the ports’ bottom.</p><p>In the present work we study by means of integrated numerical modeling the erosion and sediment transport induced by naval traffic in the passenger Port of Genoa (Italy) and we propose a novel delayed-mode methodology and new science-based tools useful to optimize and efficiently plan the maintenance of the port sea bed. Fully operational real-time tools can be further developed starting from the proposed methodology in order to monitor the dynamics of the sediment on a daily basis.</p>

scholarly journals Impact of naval traffic on the sediment transport of the Port of Genoa – a modelling study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Guarnieri ◽  
Sina Saremi ◽  
Andrea Pedroncini ◽  
Jacob H. Jensen ◽  
Silvia Torretta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Bottom Topography ◽  
Drastic Reduction ◽  
Erosion And Deposition ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Maintenance Activities ◽  
The Stability

Abstract. The action of propellers induced jets on the seabed of ports can be responsible of erosion and deposition of sediment around the port basin, potentially inducing important variations of the bottom topography in the medium to long time scales. Such dynamics constantly repeated for long periods can result in drastic reduction of ships' clearance – in the case of accretion – or might be a threat for the stability and duration of the structures – in the case of erosion. These sediment related processes are sources of problems for the port managing authorities, both for the safety of navigation and for the optimization of the management and maintenance activities of the ports' bottom and infrastructures. In the present work we study the erosion and sediment transport induced by the action of the vessel propellers of naval traffic in the passenger Port of Genoa (Italy) by means of integrated numerical modeling and we propose a novel methodology and state of the art modeling science-based tools useful to optimize and efficiently plan the ports managing activities and the of maintenance of ports seabed.

scholarly journals Effects of marine traffic on sediment erosion and accumulation in ports: a new model-based methodology

Ocean Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-430
Author(s):  
Antonio Guarnieri ◽  
Sina Saremi ◽  
Andrea Pedroncini ◽  
Jacob H. Jensen ◽  
Silvia Torretta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Bottom Topography ◽  
Drastic Reduction ◽  
Sediment Erosion ◽  
Port Management ◽  
Marine Traffic ◽  
Maintenance Activities ◽  
The Stability

Abstract. The action of propeller-induced jets on the seabed of ports can cause erosion and the deposition of sediment around the port basin, potentially significantly impacting the bottom topography over the medium and long term. If such dynamics are constantly repeated for long periods, a drastic reduction in ships' clearance can result through accretion, or the stability and duration of structures can be threatened through erosion. These sediment-related processes present port management authorities with problems, both in terms of navigational safety and the optimization of management and maintenance activities of the port's bottom and infrastructure. In this study, which is based on integrated numerical modeling, we examine the hydrodynamics and the related bottom sediment erosion and accumulation patterns induced by the action of vessel propellers in the passenger port of Genoa, Italy. The proposed new methodology offers a state-of-the-art science-based tool that can be used to optimize and efficiently plan port management and seabed maintenance.

Sustainability and adaptability of regional development in the conditions of digitalization

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1550-1613
Author(s):  
O.E. Akimova ◽  
S.K. Volkov ◽  
E.A. Gladkaya ◽  
I.M. Kuzlaeva
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Regional Inequality ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Smart Technologies

Subject. The article discusses the sustainability of regional economy development, its definition, and the substance of sustainable development. Objectives. We aim at performing a comprehensive analysis of indicators of sustainability and adaptability of regional development in the context of digitalization, formulating a strategy for economic behavior that takes into account the multidimensional nature of regional inequality and is focused on boosting the economic potential of regions. Methods. The study draws on dialectic and systems approaches, general scientific methods of retrospective, situational, economic and statistical, and comparative analysis. Results. The sustainability of the region focuses on improving the human welfare over long time horizon. This happens in three areas, i.e. maximizing the efficiency of resource use; ensuring justice and democracy; minimizing resource consumption and environmental damage. The stability of the region can be assessed by using one parameter, or by combining the parameters in accordance with the type of region and expected results. Conclusions. The adaptation of a region to changing conditions depends on its type (‘adapted’, ‘adaptive’, and ‘non-adapted’). Regional inequality has two main components: difference in economic potential and social satisfaction of residents. Another component, affecting the stability and adaptability of regions, is the level of their digitalization. However, some regions have only formally embarked on the path of digitalization. Moreover, a focus on smart technologies, solutions and digitalization often leads to ignoring the goals of sustainable development. Smart technologies should be aimed at ensuring sustainability within the framework of the smart sustainable city concept.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Internet of Things Technologies—Sustainable Premises of Extending the Culture of the Amurg Cultivar in Transylvania—A Use Case for Târnave Vineyard

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8170
Author(s):  
Veronica Sanda Chedea ◽  
Ana-Maria Drăgulinescu  ◽  
Liliana Lucia Tomoiagă  ◽  
Cristina Bălăceanu ◽  
Maria Lucia Iliescu 
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
White Wine ◽  
Time Investment ◽  
Protected Designation Of Origin ◽  
Average Annual Temperature ◽  
Insect Infestations ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Red Grape

Known for its dry and semi-dry white wine, the Târnave vineyard located in central Transylvania is challenged by the current climate change, which has resulted in an increase of the period of active vegetation by approximately 15–20 days, the average annual temperature by 1–1.5 °C and also the amount of useful temperatures (useful thermal balance for the grapevine). Furthermore, the frost periods have been reduced. Transylvania is an important Romanian region for grapevine cultivation. In this context, one can use the climatic changes to expand their wine assortment by cultivating an autochthonous grapevine variety called Amurg. Amurg is a red grape cultivar homologated at SCDVV Blaj, which also homologated 7 cultivars and 11 clones. Because viticulture depends on the stability of meteorological and hydrological parameters of the growing area, its foundations are challenged by climate change. Grapevine production is a long time investment, taking at least five years before the freshly planted vines produce the desired quality berries. We propose the implementation of a climate change-based precision viticulture turn-key solution for environmental monitoring in the Târnave vineyard. This solution aims to evaluate the grapevine’s micro-climate to extend the sustainable cultivation of the Amurg red grapes cultivar in Transylvania with the final goal of obtaining Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) rosé and red wines from this region. Worldwide, the changing conditions from the existing climate (a 30-year average), used in the past hundred years to dictate local standards, such as new and erratic trends of temperature and humidity regimes, late spring freezes, early fall frosts, storms, heatwaves, droughts, area wildfires, and insect infestations, would create dynamic problems for all farmers to thrive. These conditions will make it challenging to predict shifts in each of the components of seasonal weather conditions. Our proposed system also aims to give a solution that can be adapted to other vineyards as well.

Distribution of Acidity and Alkalinity on Degraded Manuscripts Containing Iron Gall Ink

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Marín ◽  
Maria Carme Sistach ◽  
Jessica Jiménez ◽  
Miguel Clemente ◽  
Guillem Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Good Condition ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Degradation Processes ◽  
Alkaline Reserve ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽  
Relevant Variables ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Iron Gall ◽  
The Stability

AbstractLong-time preservation of manuscripts depends on the stability of their support. One of the most important degradation processes of paper manuscripts containing iron gall ink is the acid hydrolysis of cellulose. The heterogeneity of the distribution of their constituent materials, together with the defined position of ink as a source of degradation agents, makes it difficult to obtain reliable and detailed information about degradation processes. The aim of this study is to contribute to the knowledge of the acid degradation process by looking at the distribution of relevant variables (pH, acidity and alkaline reserve) on real untreated iron gall ink containing manuscripts at different degradation stages. The study discusses the well-known differences between surface and cold extraction pH determination. It corroborates the relationship between pH, acidity and alkalinity and degradation stages, pointing out that acidity values for some manuscripts in apparent good condition are not far from those obtained for degraded manuscripts. The results indicate that in some partially degraded manuscripts, the coexistence of acid areas and areas with an alkaline reserve which do not participate in the neutralization process is possible. The role of water as a solvent for this equilibrium has also been evaluated.

World 2021: Pandemic and economic problems remain acute

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-20
Author(s):  
M. V. Ershov
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Real Economy ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Digital Money ◽  
Successful Business ◽  
The Stability

The global economy continues to grow, albeit mainly due to large-scale support measures from governments and regulators. Moreover, the latter are not sure about the prospects for such development, since the economies do not demonstrate the potential for independent growth. As a result, in order to stimulate it, regulators are forced to expand the range of their tools, mechanisms, approaches, otherwise the risks to the stability of the global financial and economic system increase. All this is happening against the background of negative rates, which have become virtually ubiquitous and persist for a long time. New growth records are being set in the stock markets, and their gap from the real economy is growing. A number of sectors are beginning to dominate, forming distortions and bubbles in the markets. In such conditions, the importance of digital money, ecosystems, etc. increases. Moreover, the faster and more efficiently regulators can integrate into these formats, the more successful business, the population, and the economy as a whole will be.

Highly Stable Ir-Ta-O Electrode for Ferroelectric Material Deposition

2000 ◽  
Vol 655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengyan Zhang ◽  
Sheng Teng Hsu ◽  
Jer-shen Maa ◽  
Yoshi Ono ◽  
Ying Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Bottom Electrode ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Gate Oxide ◽  
Ferroelectric Material ◽  
High Temperature Stability ◽  
Material Deposition ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Thin Gate Oxide

AbstractIr-Ta-O composite bottom electrode has extraordinary high temperature stability. It can maintain good conductivity and integrity even after 5min annealing at 1000 °C in oxygen ambient. The thermal stability of Ir-Ta-O on different substrates has been studied. It shows that Ir-Ta-O is also very stable on Si and SiO2 substrates. No hillock formation and peelings of the bottom electrode were observed after high temperature and long time annealing in O2 ambient. SEM, TEM, XRD, and AES have been used to characterize the Ir-Ta-O film and the interfaces between Ir-Ta-O bottom electrode and Si or SiO2 substrate. The composition and conductivity changes of the electrode during oxygen ambient annealing and the interdiffusion issue will be discussed. Furthermore, Ir-Ta-O/SiO2/Si capacitor with 30Å gate oxide was fabricated and the C-V and I-V characteristics were measured to confirm the stability of Ir-Ta-O on thin gate oxide.

The Languages of the northern sudan: an Historical perspective

1966 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce G. Trigger
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Linguistic Evidence ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Cultural Traits ◽  
The Stability

Various theories have been proposed concerning the homeland of the Nubian languages. Current historical and linguistic evidence suggests that it was in Kordofan or Darfur and that Nubian first entered the middle reaches of the Nile between A.D. 200 and 500. There it replaced Meroitic, which appears to have been spoken in the area for a long time. Meroitic may, but has not yet been proved to be a language of the Eastern Sudanic group. If so, the persistence of many cultural traits in the Sudan may be correlated with the stability of the Eastern Sudanic-speakers in the same area.

scholarly journals SEA-BED CONFIGURATION IN RELATION TO BREAKWATER STABILITY

1972 ◽  
Vol 1 (13) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Van Oarschat ◽  
A. Wevers
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Irregular Waves ◽  
Sea Bed ◽  
Hydraulic Conditions ◽  
Overall Stability ◽  
The Stability

Stability tests on the Europoort breakwaters, situated on a shallow foreshore, clearly demonstrated the effect of the foreshore configuration on the overall stability. The present article gives a descriptionof the stability experiments and the interpretation leading to general conclusions regarding foreshore effects in combination with hydraulic conditions such as wave period, water depth and wave height. Both regular and irregular waves have been used. The experiments, carried out in commission of the Netherlands Government Department of Public Works (Rijkswaterstaat) were of an applied nature and were not directed primarily to the systematic study of foreshore effects.

scholarly journals PHASE PORTRAIT OF SECOND-ORDER DYNAMIC SYSTEMS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaloyan Yankov
Keyword(s):  
Phase Portrait ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Time Behavior ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Phase Plane Method ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Higher Order Differential Equations

The phase portrait of the second and higher order differential equations presents in graphical form the behavior of the solution set without solving the equation. In this way, the stability of a dynamic system and its long-time behavior can be studied. The article explores the capabilities of Mathcad for analysis of systems by the phase plane method. A sequence of actions using Mathcad's operators to build phase portrait and phase trace analysis is proposed. The approach is illustrated by a model of plasma renin activity after treatment of experimental animals with nicardipine. The identified process is a differential equation of the second order. The algorithm is also applicable to systems of higher order.

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