Silver nanoparticles used to counter Monilinia fructicola fungicide-resistance and reduce fungicide environmental footprint 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constantinos Chrysikopoulos ◽  
Anastasios A. Malandrakis ◽  
Nektarios Kavroulakis ◽  
Anthi Stefanarou
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Resistance Mutation ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Gene Target ◽  
Benzimidazole Fungicides

<div><span>The potential of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) to control plant pathogen <em>Monilia</em><em>fructicola </em>and to deter environmental contamination by reducing fungicide doses was evaluated <em>in vitro </em>and <em>in vivo. </em> </span>F<span>ungitoxicity screening </span>of <em><span>M. fructicola </span></em><span>isolates resulted in the detection of 18 benzimidazole-resistant (BEN-R) isolates with reduced sensitivity to fungicides  thiophanate methyl (TM)  and carbendazim. All resistant isolates caried the E198A resistance mutation in their </span><em><span>β</span>-</em>tubulin gene, target site of the benzimidazole fungicides. <span>Ag-NPs could effectively control both sensitive (BEN-S) and resistant isolates while the combination of Ag-NPs with TM significantly enhanced their fungitoxic effect both <em>in vitro </em>and in apple fruit tests. The positive correlation observed between Ag-NPs and TM+Ag-NPs treatments indicates a mixture-enhanced Ag-NPs activity/availability as a possible mechanism of synergy. No correlation between Ag-NPs  and AgNO<sub>3 </sub>could  be found suggesting difference(s) in the fungitoxic mechanism of action between Nps and their bulk/ionic counterparts. Indications of the involvement of energy (ATP) metabolism in the mode of action of Ag-NPs were also evident by the synergy observed between Ag-NPs and the </span>oxidative phosphorylation<span>-uncoupler fluazinam (FM) against both BEN-R and BEN-S phenotypes. The role of silver ions release on the inhibitory action of Ag-NPs against the fungusis probably limited since the AgNPs/NaCl combination enhanced fungitoxicity, a fact that could not be justified by the expected binding of silver with chlorine ions. Concluding, Ag-NPs can be effectively used as a means of controlling both BEN-S and BEN-R <em>M. </em><em>fructicola </em>isolates </span>while <span>their combination with conventional fungicides should aid anti-resistant strategies and reduce the environmental impact of synthetic fungicides by reducing effective doses to the control the pathogen.</span></div>

scholarly journals Copolymerization of Quinazolinone Derivatives With Styrene, Methyl Methacrylate and Their Silver Nanocomposites for Biological Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karim Samy El-Said ◽  
Ahmed Ahmed El-Barbary ◽  
Hazem M. ElKholy ◽  
Ahmed S. Haidyrah ◽  
Mohamed Betiha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Mice Model ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Silver Nanocomposites ◽  
Amorphous Structures

Reaction of 2-mercapto-3-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one (MPQ) with both 4-vinyl benzyl chloride and allyl bromide furnished the reactive heterocyclic monomers 3-phenyl-2-((4-vinylbenzyl) thio) quinazolin-4(3H)-one (PVTQ) and 2-(allylthio)-3-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one (APQ), respectively. Copolymerization of PVTQ monomer with styrene and methyl methacrylate in the presence of 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) afforded the copolymers PS-co-PPVTQ and PMMA-co-PPVTQ, respectively. Similarly, copolymerization of monomer APQ with styrene and methyl methacrylate (MMA) afforded the copolymers PS-co-PAPQ and PMMA-co-PAPQ, respectively. The resulted copolymers were characterized by using FT-IR, 1H-NMR and GPC techniques. Silver nanocomposites of PS, PMMA, PS-co-PPVTQ, PMMA-co-PPVTQ, PS-co-PAPQ and PMMA-co-PAPQ were synthesized by the addition of silver nitrate into the polymer solution. The reduction of silver ions into silver nanoparticles was performed in DMF and water. Thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis was used to determine the thermal stability of the copolymers and their silver nanocomposites. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated the amorphous structures of the co-polymers and confirmed the formation of silver nanoparticles. The antitumor and antibacterial activities were screened for the copolymers and enhanced by the formation of their silver nanocomposites. In vivo antitumor activity in Ehrlich Ascitic Carcinoma (EAC) mice model showed that PS-co-PPVTQ/Ag NPs, PMMA-co-PPVTQ/Ag NPs, and PMMA-co-PAPQ/Ag NPs displayed promising inhibitory effects against EAC and induce apoptosis against MCF-7 cells.

Evaluation of genotoxic effect of silver nanoparticles (Ag-Nps) in vitro and in vivo

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Tavares ◽  
Fernanda Balbinot ◽  
Hugo Martins de Oliveira ◽  
Gabriela Elibio Fagundes ◽  
Mireli Venâncio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Genotoxic Effect ◽  
Ag Nps

In Vivo Effect of Different Doses of Silver Nanoparticles on the Seminiferous Tubules in Albino Rats: Histopathological Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1B) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ruqayah A. Salman ◽  
Abdulrahman K. Ali ◽  
Amenah Ali Salman
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Different Doses

The study aims to investigate the effects of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on the seminiferous tubules in Albino rats. Several in vitro studies have been performed in different cell models, using various nanoparticles. Pure and spherical AgNPs with an average size of 30 nm, was injected into two groups of male albino rats (6 rats for each group) in different doses. Histopathological changes in testis tissues were showed a harmful effect of the silver nanoparticles, manifested by reducing the number of spermatogenic cells, and a decrease in the number of leyidg´s cells (group 1), and hypotrophy in seminiferous and enlargement in interstitial spaces in group 2.

scholarly journals Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Chitosan/Polyvinyl Alcohol Silver Nanoparticles Gel for Wound Dressing Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Hiep ◽  
Huynh Chan Khon ◽  
Vo Van Thanh Niem ◽  
Vo Van Toi ◽  
Tran Ngoc Quyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

The purpose of this study was to fabricate chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol)/Ag nanoparticles (CPA) gels with microwave-assistance for skin applications. Microwave irradiation was employed to reduce silver ions to silver nanoparticles and to crosslink chitosan (CS) with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The presence of silver nanoparticles in CPA gels matrix was examined using UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The interaction of CS and PVA was analysed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The release of silver ions was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The antimicrobial properties of CPA gels againstP. aeruginosaandS. aureuswere investigated using agar diffusion method. Finally, the biocompatibility and wound-healing ability of the gels were studied using fibroblast cells (in vitro) and mice models (in vivo). In conclusion, the results showed that CPA gels were successfully fabricated using microwave irradiation method. These gels can be applied to heal an open wound thanks to their antibacterial activity and biocompatibility.

scholarly journals Silver Nanoparticles in Alveolar Bone Surgery Devices

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Sivolella ◽  
Edoardo Stellini ◽  
Giulia Brunello ◽  
Chiara Gardin ◽  
Letizia Ferroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Augmentation Techniques ◽  
Dental Implant Surgery

Silver (Ag) ions have well-known antimicrobial properties and have been applied as nanostrategies in many medical and surgical fields, including dentistry. The use of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) may be an option for reducing bacterial adhesion to dental implant surfaces and preventing biofilm formation, containing the risk of peri-implant infections. Modifying the structure or surface of bone grafts and membranes with Ag NPs may also prevent the risk of contamination and infection that are common when alveolar bone augmentation techniques are used. On the other hand, Ag NPs have revealed some toxic effects on cellsin vitroandin vivoin animal studies. In this setting, the aim of the present paper is to summarize the principle behind Ag NP-based devices and their clinical applications in alveolar bone and dental implant surgery.

scholarly journals Green production of silver nanoparticles, evaluation of their nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne javanica and their impact on growth of faba bean

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seham M. Hamed ◽  
Eman S. Hagag ◽  
Neveen Abd El-Raouf
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

Abstract Background Cyanobacterium-based silver nanoparticles are considered not only as an efficient nano-nematicide but also as a bio-stimulant material for plant growth. They could be employed as a part of an integrated program for controlling some plant diseases. Results In this study, silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were biosynthesized from aqueous extract of the cyanobacterium, Nostoc sp. PCC7524. Full characterization of the biosynthesized Ag-NPs was monitored by UV-vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction pattern, Zeta sizer, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In vitro assay against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica showed that Ag-NPs significantly decreased egg hatching of M. javanica at different applied concentrations (3, 6, 12, 25, and 50%, v/v). Fifty percent of Ag-NPs induced the highest reduction percent (94.66%). Moreover, Ag-NPs and AgNO3 significantly increased the percentages of larval mortality of the second-stage juveniles (J2) with concentration and time-dependent responses. Ag-NPs or AgNO3 at 2.4 ml/l, 24 h, completely inhibited the growth of J2 compared to 23% inhibition using aqueous cyanobacterial extract (ACE). In vivo effect of Ag-NPs on faba bean-infected plant under greenhouse conditions was achieved by treating soil with three different concentrations of 1, 2, and 3 ml/kg soil over two consecutive seasons. Ag-NPs significantly reduced root galling from 39.6 to 78.7% and J2 population in the soils from 32.2% to 86.7% in the 2018 season and from 21.9 to 78.1% and 40.0 to 81.0% in the 2019 season, respectively. Moreover, 3 ml/kg soil of Ag-NP treatment showed statistically comparable effects to that of vydate nematicide but with remarkable enhancement of faba bean growth parameters as compared to those of vydate or AgNO3 treatments in the two seasons. Conclusions The considerable in vitro and in vivo nematicidal potential of the cyanobacterium-based Ag-NPs, besides their bio-stimulant effect on plant growth, makes them feasible for the biological control of M. javanica.

scholarly journals ECO-FRIENDLY SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES BY USING GREEN METHOD: IMPROVED INTERACTION AND APPLICATION IN VITRO AND IN VIVO.

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Special) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atwan & Hayder
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Green Method ◽  
Optimum Synthesis ◽  
Characterization Study ◽  
Rf Values

The present study was aimed to biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by using rhaminolipid produced from local isolate Pseudomonas aeruginosa as reducing and stabilizing agent. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized by green method have shown several applications such as biomedical, anticancer, bio sensing, catalysis etc. Characterization study of purified bioemulsifier using thin layer chromatography (TLC) was demonstrated that the biosurfactant contains mono, and di- rhamnolipid with Rf values of 0.86 and 0.36 respectively. Optimization results of biosynthesis silver nanoparticles were revealed that an increasing in intensity of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) bands of nanoparticles with shifting at wavelength (400 nm). Also optimum synthesis of AgNPs was at pH 5, Temperature 40℃, reaction time 5 minutes with concentration of rhaminolipid as reducing agents (2×10-3w/v) and Silver ion concentration (6×10-3 mol/L).  The result of X-ray diffraction was indicated that the size of silver nanoparticles observed was 38 nm and show relatively stable peak at -23.2 mV. Finally, the minimum inhibitory concentration of Ag NPs against human pathogenic bacteria obtained at concentration (1mg/ml) for both gram negative and gram-positive bacteria. The results of anti-inflammatory effects of Ag NPs obviously, cleared that the infection of test animals treated with AgNPs were completely healed after 6 days of treatment, while the animals treated with fucidin (as control) not exhibited any healing in the infection.

scholarly journals Enhanced Efficacy of Some Antibiotics in Presence of Silver Nanoparticles Against Multidrug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Recovered From Burn Wound Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha A. Khalil ◽  
Gamal M. El Maghraby ◽  
Fatma I. Sonbol ◽  
Nanis G. Allam ◽  
Perihan S. Ateya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Wound Infections ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Ag Nps

Burn wound infections with multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are shown in many countries as severe widespread health threats. Consequently, attention has been devoted to new nanoparticle-based materials in the field of antimicrobial chemotherapy for burn wound infections. This study aimed to evaluate both in vitro and in vivo efficacies of nanoparticle–antibiotic combinations as new classes of materials subjected against MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Out of 40 Gram-negative isolates, 23 P. aeruginosa were recovered from patients with burn wound infections attending different hospitals in Tanta, Egypt. The susceptibility test revealed that 95.7% of P. aeruginosa isolates were MDR with a high incidence of resistance against carbenicillin. Antibacterial activities of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) against the isolates examined showed various inhibition zone diameters ranging from 11 to 17 mm. Strong synergistic efficacy of neomycin was reported in combination with Ag-NPs against MDR P. aeruginosa P8 and P14 isolates. The in vivo effectiveness of various pharmaceutical formulations prepared from a combination of neomycin antibiotic with Ag-NPs in the treatment of induced bacterially infected mice burns showed that maximum healing activity along with faster wound contraction reported with the combination of neomycin-Ag-NPs in the spray formulation. Generally, data indicated that incorporating Ag-NPs in combination with certain antibiotics may be a new, promising application for wound treatments, especially burns infected with MDR P. aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Structural Features andIn VivoandIn VitroTherapeutic Effects againstHelicobacter pyloriInduced Gastritis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Amin ◽  
Sadaf Hameed ◽  
Asghar Ali ◽  
Farooq Anwar ◽  
Shaukat Ali Shahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
H Pylori

This study evaluatesin vivoandin vitroanti-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)efficacy of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) prepared via a cost-effective green chemistry route whereinPeganum harmalaL. seeds extract was used as a reducing and capping agent. The structural features, as elucidated by surface plasmon resonance spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, revealed the Ag-NPs synthesized to be polydispersed in nature and spherical in shape with 5–40 nm size. A typical Ag-NPs suspension (S5), with size being 15 nm, when testedin vitroagainst forty-two local isolates and two reference strains, showed a considerable anti-H. pyloriactivity. In case ofin vivotrial againstH. pyloriinduced gastritis, after oral administration of 16 mg/kg body weight of S5for seven days, a complete clearance was recorded in male albino rates. In comparative time-killing kinetics, S5exhibited dose- and time-dependent anti-H. pyloriactivity that was almost similar to tetracycline and clarithromycin, less than amoxicillin, but higher than metronidazole. Furthermore, S5was found to be an equally effective anti-H. pyloriagent at low (≤4) and high pH with no drug resistance observed even up to 10 repeated exposures while a significant drug resistance was recorded for most of the standard drugs employed. The present results revealed the potential of the synthesized Ag-NPs as safer bactericidal agents for the treatment ofH. pyloriinduced gastritis.

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