scholarly journals Institutional design and regime effectiveness in transboundary river management – the Elbe water quality regime

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Dombrowsky
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
River Management ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Regime Effectiveness ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transboundary River ◽  
Joint Identification

Abstract. The literature on transboundary river management suggests that institutions play an important role in bringing about cooperation. However, knowledge about how such institutions should be designed in order to do so remains limited. One way to learn more about adequate institutional design is to assess the effectiveness of existing regimes, and to trace the causal relationships that lead to the respective outcomes. In order to gain further insights into the relationship between institutional design and regime effectiveness, this paper presents a study on the water quality regime of the International Commission for the Protection of the Elbe (ICPE). The analysis is based on a review of pertinent documents and ten qualitative interviews with Czech and German Commission members and NGO representatives. Particular emphasis has been put on determining the ICPE's specific contribution and the no-regime counterfactual as well as on the perceived expediency of the institutional arrangements. The study shows overall that the countries were relatively successful in improving water quality in the Elbe basin. However, this outcome can only partly be attributed to the ICPE itself. Furthermore, the ICPE's contribution towards achieving the various goals varied significantly between the different areas of activity: it was relatively significant where the main responsibility for action lay with the public authorities, such as in the area of wastewater treatment and the establishment of an international alarm plan and model, but was practically non-existent in the reduction of non-point pollution from agriculture, where success depended on the behavior of individual private actors (farmers). The commission contributed towards problem solving by serving as a forum for the joint identification of priorities for action from a basin-wide perspective. The resulting international obligations increased the power of national water administrations and their access to funds. At the same time, the Commission's reporting to the public served as an enforcement mechanism. From a methodological point of view, the paper highlights the opportunities and limitations of a combined quantitative and qualitative approach to determining regime effectiveness.

scholarly journals Institutional design and regime effectiveness in transboundary river management – the Elbe water quality regime

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1625-1661 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Dombrowsky
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
River Management ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Regime Effectiveness ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transboundary River ◽  
International Obligations

Abstract. The literature on transboundary river management suggests that institutions play an important role in bringing cooperation about. However, the knowledge on how they should be designed in order to do so remains limited. One way to learn more about adequate institutional design is to assess the effectiveness of existing regimes, and to trace the causal relationships leading to the respective outcomes. In order to gain further insights into the relationship of institutional design and regime effectiveness, this paper presents a study on the water quality regime of the International Commission for the Protection of the Elbe (ICPE). The analysis is based on a review of pertinent documents and ten qualitative interviews with Czech and German Commission members and NGO representatives. Particular emphasis has been put on determining the ICPE's specific contribution and the no-regime counterfactual as well as on the perceived expedience of the institutional arrangements. The study shows that overall due to external as well as internal institutional factors the ICPE proved relatively successful, and as such it also provides insights into how institutions matter: The commission served as platform for joint problem solving by identifying priorities for action. These international obligations increased the power of national administrations and their access to funds. At the same time, the Commission's reporting to the public served as an enforcement mechanism. However, the ICPE's contribution towards achieving the various goals varied significantly between the different areas of activity. It was high where the main responsibility for action was with the public authorities, such as in the area of wastewater treatment and the establishment of an international alarm plan and model. It was practically non existent in the reduction of non-point pollution from agriculture, where the success depended on the behavior of individual private actors (farmers). From a methodological point of view, the paper shows opportunities and limits of a combined quantitative and qualitative approach in determining regime effectiveness.

scholarly journals Water quality of rivers in the eastern region of Cianorte (Paraná, Brazil) under relevant influence of industrial and agricultural waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e27610817336
Author(s):  
Éderson Vecchieti Gonçalves ◽  
Letícia Scala Frâncica ◽  
Talles Neves de Tofolli ◽  
Flávia Vieira da Silva Medeiros ◽  
Débora Cristina de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Periodic Analysis ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate

The Catingueiro, Cristalino and Ligeiro Rivers, present in the eastern region of Cianorte, Paraná, Brazil, are under constant influence of industrial effluents and agrochemicals. In 2022, the public supply of this municipality will be made by waters of the Ligeiro River, and the sites predicted for abstraction are close to the sites of confluence of the Catingueiro River and the Cristalino River with the Ligeiro River. We evaluated in two periods of 2020, based on different parameters, the water quality of the Catingueiro River at two sites, P1 and P2 (P2, upstream of the confluence), the Cristalino River in one site, P3, and the Ligeiro River at two sites, P4 and P5 (P5, downstream of the confluence). Levels of nitrite, nitrate and sulfate in waters were within the range set by law. All points had a high concentration of fluorides and phosphato in the two collections. In P1, in both collections, a high concentration of copper was found.  P1 and P2, in the second collection, presented high levels of aluminum. Silicon was detected at all sites. Waters were phytotoxic to L. sativa and cytotoxic to the root meristems of A. cepa. Physical-chemical and toxicity analyses suggest a compromise in water quality. These data are an alert to the public authorities of Cianorte and Paraná regarding the anthropic actions carried out in these rivers and alert the sanitation company to carry out a preliminary and periodic analysis of the waters in order to know the contaminants present before treating them.

scholarly journals Risks of Social Communications of Public Administrative Bodies with Regard to Manifestations of Corruption

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
Anatolii N. Balashov ◽  
Andrii M. Lyseiuk ◽  
Ivan I. Bashta ◽  
Anastasiia D. Shtelmashenko ◽  
Andrii V. Mykoliuk
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Public Information ◽  
General Level ◽  
Power Structures ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Communications

The article has analyzed reasons and the current state of corruption risks in the system of social communications of public administrative bodies. The aim of the study is to identify and analyze corruption risks in the system of public communication to eliminate the causes and terms of their emerging. The article is of an overview nature, and it is prepared based on the approach of the content analysis of scientific literature on the topic, analytical reports of international organizations, international projects, the authors’ analysis of sites and information portals of public authorities, and vectors of public information policy. A significant potential of corruption to destroy the trust in public institutions has been emphasized. This process will tend to weaken the state’s ability to fight against corruption. By using the methodological approach “agent – patron” (agent’s dilemma), it has been proved that a substantial increase in corruption processes causes considerable changes in the institutional design of public organizations. It is transforming the nature of the entire public administration system in the direction far from the public interest. This state of affairs demands the scientific community to develop theoretical and practical works offering a modern approach to the problem of countering corruption and, in particular, its institutional forms and mechanisms. The dynamics of corruption connections and relations distort the institutional design in the system of public administration, destroying effective social communications, decreasing a general level of citizens’ trust in power structures, contributing to the concentration of financial and economic assets in a very limited part of the society. The developed e-government has a great potential for countering corruption threats in general, provided the high level of information and communication competency of public authorities, and the developed information competency of citizens. Generalization of the work will be useful for public authorities during implementation processes of the comprehensive system of activities directed at prevention and fighting against corruption and planning while anti-corruption reform implementation, delivery of legal, social, economic, organizational, managerial, and practical activities aiming at corruption prevention through improvement and the further development of social communication in the public sector.

Die Öffentlichkeitsarbeit des Staates und die Akzeptanz seiner Entscheidungen

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Drefs
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Public Communication ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Protest Movements ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Free Process ◽  
The University

Just as in the private sector, the public communication activities of state institutions have gained increased weight and significance in our media society. In contrast to the public relations of private institutions, however, the communications of public authorities are subject to severe constitutional restrictions. Promotional activities by state institutions can pose a serious threat to the free process of forming a political opinion in a democratic society. At the same time, public authorities are facing increased demands for transparency and increasing difficulties in gaining acceptance for their decisions, which has been underlined in particular by recent protest movements. Against this background, this thesis, which was supervised at the University of Frankfurt, analyses the informal communications of state institutions and public acceptance of their decisions from a constitutional point of view. It identifies the legal scope within which public institutions are justified in promoting their decisions by means of public communication activities.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP OF QUARANTINE TO POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS ANXIETY IN CHILDREN FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THEIR PARENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-185
Author(s):  
Duha Badr AL-LAMY ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Applied Study ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Statistical Application ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This research aims to reveal the relationship of quarantine to post-traumatic anxiety in children, from the viewpoint of their parents, By conducting an applied study on a selected sample of (400) children from Baghdad governorate, who are less than seven years old. The researcher used the descriptive method, being the closest to discovering the relationship between the research variables, as well as using the statistical application (SPSS) in the practical side of the research to analyze the questionnaire data prepared by the researcher for the purpose of answering it by the families of the children, the research sample. The post-traumatic anxiety scale prepared by the researcher included (18) questions about the effects caused by the quarantine imposed by the public authorities in Iraq to limit the spread of the new Corona virus on the mental health of the children studied, As well as finding statistically significant differences in post-traumatic anxiety among children, the research sample, according to the gender variable (male - female), if any. The researcher concluded that the research sample children suffer from post-traumatic anxiety as a result of the quarantine imposed to limit the spread of the new Corona virus, from the point of view of their parents. and the researcher also concluded that there are no statistically significant differences between the children studied according to the variable (Gender) as a result of their exposure to trauma.

scholarly journals Self-government in the political system of Poland

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-104
Author(s):  
Robert Kmieciak
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Political Transformation ◽  
Democratic Regime ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Power Property ◽  
Professional Self ◽  
Distribution Of Power

One of the greatest achievements in the process of political transformation in Poland involves the broad decentralization of the public authorities, where a larger number of independent entities with public competences exist alongside a single center. Decentralization is embodied by self-government, which has therefore become an important element of the democratic regime co-creating a network of links related to the distribution of power, property and resources across society. Undoubtedly, self-government which works in favor of citizens’ groups being organized as corporations contributes to the increased efficiency of public authorities in the territorial and special dimension. Based on this, self-government should be understood not as a unidimensional entity involved only in territorial relations. There is also special self-government, established according to different criteria, which plays an important role in the system of the representation of the interests of defined circles. It is divided into professional self-government and, first and foremost, business self-government. Importantly, self-governments should be approached from a slightly different angle – not only in the administrative and institutional context, but also from the point of view of the realization of the interests of organized social groups, that is in terms of governance, which can improve the functioning of local authorities, for instance as concerns the emergence of metropolitan areas. The harmonious development of all forms of self-government, irrespective of the type of bonds connecting its members, as well as the consolidation of participatory processes, is one of the prerequisites for a stable democratic regime.

scholarly journals Axiological Aspects of State Control and Supervision

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-61
Author(s):  
Saniat Agamagomedova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Evolutionary Approach ◽  
State Control ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Administrative Procedures ◽  
The Subject

The subject of research is state control and supervision from the point of view of axiological approaches. The first level of the latter makes it possible to determine value of state control and supervision as administrative forms; the second level forms variants of theoretical and legal substantiation of the correlation between the control and supervisory activities of the state and the totality of values protected by law. The aim of the article is to propose methodological techniques for determining the value of state control and supervision, which is understood as the importance of these institutions in the public administration system as a whole in the context of the possibility of using other administrative forms to achieve regulatory goals. The value of the control and supervisory activities of the state is substantiated from the point of view of the possibility of replacing state control and supervision with other regulatory mechanisms within the framework of deregulation processes (horizontal approach), as well as taking into account previous development of these administrative forms (evolutionary approach). Value of state control and supervision is seen as the ability to ensure the protection of legally protected values with minimal interference of public authorities in controlled activities. Value of the considered management forms is substantiated using the category of deregulation, which is understood as: process of development of a certain sphere of social relations; process of delegating state powers; trends to expanding the freedom of subjects, transition to “soft” regulation; process of reducing and simplifying administrative procedures (procedural deregulation). Determination of the value of state control and supervision is associated with the justification of the possibility of replacing these management forms with others in relation to a certain area of regulation, which determines a specific ratio of various management forms and mechanisms. From the point of view of evolutionary approach, value of state control and supervision is determined by the previous development of these administrative forms in the system of state power. Within the framework of the theoretical and legal substantiation of the category “values protected by law” in the system of state control and supervision, a variety of positions are highlighted. As a conclusion, a modern formula is proposed: state control and supervision — socially significant results — mandatory requirements — values protected by law.

scholarly journals O Programa Nacional de Universalização do Acesso e Uso da Água - “Água para Todos”: uma análise do desenho jurídico-institucional e seu funcionamento | The National Programme of Universalization of Access and Use of Water - "Water for All": an analysis of the legal and institutional design and operation

KPGT_dlutz_1 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Gianfranco Faggin Mastro Andréa
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Institutional Arrangement ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
National Programme ◽  
The Public ◽  
Politica Publica ◽  
The Right ◽  
Legal Technology ◽  
And Control

Resumo: A água é um direito fundamental e a garantia a seu acesso e uso ainda são perseguidos por países em desenvolvimento. Em razão das dimensões continentais do Brasil e períodos de estiagem, há necessidade de planejamento, execução, avaliação, fiscalização e controle de programas que atuem no sentido de concretização da política pública do acesso e uso da água. Apresenta-se a relevância do estudo valendo-se do corte metodológico para análise do desenho jurídico-institucional do Programa “Água para Todos” justamente no sentido de identificar a “caixa de ferramentas jurídicas” e respectivo ciclo, num esforço para concluir e apontar as suas virtudes e deficiências sob o ponto de vista da teoria jurídica das políticas públicas. Palavras-chave: Arranjo institucional. Direito a água. Políticas públicas. Tecnologia jurídica. Universalização. Abstract: Water is a fundamental right and the guarantee to its access are still pursued by developing countries. The continental dimensions of Brazil and periods of drought, there is a need to planning, execution, evaluation, supervision and control of programs that works towards achievement of the public policy of access and use of water. The relevance of the study using the methodology for analysis of cutting legal and institutional design of the program "water for all" precisely in order to identify the "legal Toolbox" and its cycle, in an effort to conclude and point their virtues and shortcomings from the point of view of the theory of public policy. Keywords: Institutional arrangement. Legal technology. Public policy. The right to water. Universalization.

The Management of Sports Activities within a Fitness Center

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
Irene Teodora Nica ◽  
Puiu Anatolie Budevici
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Synthetic Image ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Fitness Center ◽  
The Public ◽  
Continuous Progress ◽  
Strategic Element ◽  
Made In

The study objective is to closely observe the evolution or involution of the disciplines within thefitness center, with the purpose of later intervening in improving its image as well as the quality of the services provided, in order to satisfy the expectations of the clients. The data collected and then interpreted were graphically represented by a synthetic image of the main values considered. Also, the data obtained from the comparisons between the resulting values were analyzed and interpreted. The present study consists in carrying out an analysis as objective as possible from the point of view of the interactions between people, within a fitness center. The objective is to closely monitor the relationships between the departments, the management of the fitness center and the employees within the company, but also in relation to the public authorities and other partner companies. The human factor is currently the strategic element on which the good conduct of business activities depends. Satisfaction in work can be obtained by recognizing the merits, the possibility of promotion, obtaining special achievements, possibilities of professional progress, following the improvement of working conditions, carrying out an evaluation of the strengths and the defects already existing. All these steps are made in order to obtain continuous progress.

scholarly journals Formation of Internal Financial Control and Internal Financial Audit in the System of Executive Authorities

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-282
Author(s):  
Aleksey Ogorodnikov
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Financial Control ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Financial Audit ◽  
History Of ◽  
Management Functions ◽  
Current Representation

The article provides the history of the formation and organization of financial control and audit from Ancient Greece to modern Russia. The current representation of the concepts of «internal financial control» and «internal financial audit» are determined. The formation of internal financial control and audit in the context of the importance of the management of social and economic development is considered. The article points out the validity and effectiveness of internal financial control and audit in the system of executive authorities. The author describes the interrelation between the availability of internal financial control and audit in the financial and budgetary sphere and the effectiveness of solving social and economic tasks of the public sector of the economy. The article also provides the authors opinion about the classification of responsibilities for the implementation of internal financial control of executive authorities. The article describes the methods of internal financial control and audit that are presented by author as a range of financial procedures in the field of budgetary and financial and economic planning. The internal financial control and audit as one of the most important management functions that is carried out at all levels of subordination is a system of observations and checks of the correct functioning of the public authority in the process of implementation of taken decisions. The author also gives an idea of the current methods of conducting internal financial audit in the system of executive authorities. The article also presents the authors point of view about the concept of internal financial control and internal financial audit in public authorities.

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