scholarly journals Characteristics of long-term regional seismicity before the 2008 Wen-Chuan, China, earthquake using pattern informatics and genetic algorithms

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1003-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-C. Li ◽  
C.-C. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Earthquake Sequence ◽  
Seismic Precursors ◽  
Regional Seismicity ◽  
Pattern Informatics ◽  
China Earthquake ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Seismic Anomaly ◽  
Taiwan Earthquake

Abstract. To understand the generation of the 2008 Wen-chuan, China earthquake, we developed a strategy to objectively identify possible seismic precursors. Based on the pattern informatics (PI) method, the pattern of seismic anomaly was identified by the aid of genetic algorithms (GA) to be highly similar to the spatial distribution of the Wen-chuan earthquake sequence. We found that smaller earthquakes (M < 4.4) showed a linear relationship of Gutenberg-Richter (G-R) distribution. However, the frequency of the intermediate earthquakes (M ≥ 4.4) showed an uplift. This uplift supports the seismic activation hypothesis developed by Rundle et al. (2000b) and is similar to the case of the 1999 Chi-chi, Taiwan earthquake sequence reported by Chen (2003).

scholarly journals Domain randomization-enhanced deep learning models for bird detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Mao ◽  
Jun Kang Chow ◽  
Pin Siang Tan ◽  
Kuan-fu Liu ◽  
Jimmy Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Bird Detection ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractAutomatic bird detection in ornithological analyses is limited by the accuracy of existing models, due to the lack of training data and the difficulties in extracting the fine-grained features required to distinguish bird species. Here we apply the domain randomization strategy to enhance the accuracy of the deep learning models in bird detection. Trained with virtual birds of sufficient variations in different environments, the model tends to focus on the fine-grained features of birds and achieves higher accuracies. Based on the 100 terabytes of 2-month continuous monitoring data of egrets, our results cover the findings using conventional manual observations, e.g., vertical stratification of egrets according to body size, and also open up opportunities of long-term bird surveys requiring intensive monitoring that is impractical using conventional methods, e.g., the weather influences on egrets, and the relationship of the migration schedules between the great egrets and little egrets.

scholarly journals Non-Local and Multi-Scale Mechanisms for Image Inpainting

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3281
Author(s):  
Xu He ◽  
Yong Yin
Keyword(s):  
Markov Random Fields ◽  
Receptive Fields ◽  
Image Inpainting ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Visual Appearance ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Relationship Of

Recently, deep learning-based techniques have shown great power in image inpainting especially dealing with squared holes. However, they fail to generate plausible results inside the missing regions for irregular and large holes as there is a lack of understanding between missing regions and existing counterparts. To overcome this limitation, we combine two non-local mechanisms including a contextual attention module (CAM) and an implicit diversified Markov random fields (ID-MRF) loss with a multi-scale architecture which uses several dense fusion blocks (DFB) based on the dense combination of dilated convolution to guide the generative network to restore discontinuous and continuous large masked areas. To prevent color discrepancies and grid-like artifacts, we apply the ID-MRF loss to improve the visual appearance by comparing similarities of long-distance feature patches. To further capture the long-term relationship of different regions in large missing regions, we introduce the CAM. Although CAM has the ability to create plausible results via reconstructing refined features, it depends on initial predicted results. Hence, we employ the DFB to obtain larger and more effective receptive fields, which benefits to predict more precise and fine-grained information for CAM. Extensive experiments on two widely-used datasets demonstrate that our proposed framework significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches both in quantity and quality.

Technology and Employment in Developing Countries

1978 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Garmany
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Optimum Combination ◽  
Current Consumption ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Choice Of Technology

This article discusses some of the issues involved in the choice of technology in developing countries, especially those in Africa, and the relationship of this to employment and output. The problem is to find an optimum combination of productive resources that comes nearest to satisfying two objectives: the full and economically efficient utilisation of such resources, and the creation of as much surplus as possible over current consumption, thereby making possible new investment and long-term growth.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Reputation, Customer Satisfaction, Trust, and Loyalty

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshana Gul
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Positive Sign ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Though a lot of studies have been done to conclude customer loyalty as dependent variable but still there is a vast margin of researches to be conducted in future in different spheres of this construct. On the other hand the truth of the importance of customer loyalty as an enduring asset cannot be falsified. It is fundamental for organizations to build up long term and mutual beneficial associations with the customers. The purpose of this research paper is to show the inter relationship of reputation, customer satisfaction and trust on customer loyalty. According to the observations reputation is the major independent variable that has significant relationship with customer satisfaction, customer loyalty, and trust. Data for this research study was taken from the Islamia University, Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, and different banks located at various geographic locations of Bahawalpur region of Pakistan. Data was collected through self administered questionnaire and analyzed by using regression through SPSS. The results have been drawn from 150 users of NISHAT LINEN and it was found that there is positive and significant relationship among reputation, customer satisfaction, trust and customer loyalty. Hence the studies give the positive sign that with the increment of reputation, customer satisfaction and trust the customer loyalty enhances.  

The Research on the Strategies for Sustainable Development and Environmental Protection

2013 ◽  
Vol 869-870 ◽  
pp. 786-790
Author(s):  
Chen Chen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
National Economic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dialectical Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of

The strategies for sustainable development have been included in the medium and long term plan of 2010 for national economic and social development. Protecting the environment is the most important prerequisite and safeguards for the sustainable development strategy. In the study, we described the history of the environmental problems in the world, the proposal and implications of sustainable development, and outlined the dialectical relationship of development with the environment. The environmental protection measures for sustainable development were proposed here, according to the environmental situation severely affecting its biophysical environment.

Exploring Interpersonal Relationship of Female Patients with Persistent Depressive Disorder: A Qualitative Study with a Phenomenological Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Asadollahi ◽  
Hamid Taher Neshat Doost ◽  
Mohammad Reza Abedi ◽  
Hamid Afshar Zanjani
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Chronic Problem ◽  
Persistent Depressive Disorder

Background: Persistent depressive disorder (PDD) is a chronic problem that is more prevalent among women than men. Various studies have revealed that these people experience many problems in their interpersonal relationships, which increase their suffering. Objectives: The present study was done to identify how people suffering from PDD experience interpersonal relationships that often seem troubled and broken. Methods: A phenomenological approach was adopted for this qualitative study. For this purpose, in-depth interviews were conducted with 21 individuals with PDD, focusing on exploring their experience and suffering in interpersonal relationships. All interviews were recorded and transcribed, and the transcripts were analyzed using Giorgi’s phenomenological descriptive method. Results: In general, five main themes and 16 sub-themes emerged. The main themes were: (1) Feeling empty of love and compassion; (2) feeling ignored; (3) ignoring others’ needs, conditions, and suffering; (4) feeling of being annoying to others; and (5) feeling confused and helpless in relationships. Conclusions: It seems that all five themes convey the message that these individuals demonstrate less skill in feeling compassion and receiving it from others. Therefore, it appears that long-term compassion-based interventions can effectively reduce the interpersonal suffering of these individuals. It should be noted that although these themes have commonalities in different cultural contexts, the culture can influence the content and intensity of these feelings.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Phototherapy as a Community-Based Solution for Vitamin D Deficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 240-240
Author(s):  
Mary McCarthy ◽  
Evelyn Elshaw ◽  
Barbara Szekely ◽  
Tom Beltran
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Skin Type ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Objectives 1. Determine acceptability and feasibility of a phototherapy kiosk designed as a self-care intervention for low vitamin D; 2. Demonstrate that narrow spectrum ultraviolet (UV) B delivered by the kiosk is equivalent to recommended daily D3 supplementation to raise or maintain serum 25-hydroxyvitamin (OH)D levels at or above 30 ng/mL; and 3. Examine the relationship of demographic variables, including age, gender, body mass index, physical activity, ethnicity, skin type, season, and sun exposure to serum 25(OH)D levels in both treatment arms. Methods Participants were randomized to either the phototherapy kiosk (PK) for a treatment every other week or 600 IU D3 oral supplement (OS) daily, for 10 weeks. PK exposure was based on response to previous treatment and Fitzpatrick Skin Type category; subjects wore undergarments only and eye protection for treatments of 2–6 minutes duration. OS group received a one-time prescription of 70 capsules, dispensed by a research pharmacist. Primary outcome was serum 25(OH)D level. Results Final sample 88 adults; OS group n = 45 and PK group n = 43. Demographics: median age 35 years, mostly female (66%), no difference observed between groups for age, race/ethnicity, or marital status. No difference seen in skin type, birth location, sun exposure, or use of sunscreen. OS group had higher BMI and %body fat. Baseline 25(OH)D level were similar, P = 0.25. At 12 weeks median OS 25(OH)D 25.5 ng/mL and PK 30 ng/mL; P = .01. At 16 weeks, OS group 25(OH)D level 21 ng/mL and PK 27 ng/mL; P = .04. Adherence: OS 92% vs PK 100%. There were no reportable adverse events. Conclusions Use of PK every other week achieved higher serum levels of 25(OH)D than usual care vitamin D3 600 IU/day for 10 weeks, although both groups returned to baseline levels 30 days post-treatment. At a time when self-care measures are highly valued for health promotion, programmed UVB delivered via PK in the community appears to be a safe, efficacious alternative to oral D3 supplementation but requires recurring use. Results from this study suggest a need for early intervention in preventable health conditions impacting Warfighter performance and readiness, particularly pre-deployment when optimizing long-term wellness for duty in austere environments. Funding Sources Benesol, Inc.

scholarly journals Astrometric and Photometric Variability in Quasars

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (S267) ◽  
pp. 103-103
Author(s):  
A. H. Andrei ◽  
S. Bouquillon ◽  
J. L. Penna ◽  
F. Taris ◽  
S. Anton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strong Support ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Optical Observations ◽  
Massive Black Hole ◽  
Full Account ◽  
Photometric Variability ◽  
Central Engine ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Quasars are the choicest objects to define a quasi-inertial reference frame. At the same time, they are active galactic nuclei powered by a massive black hole. As the astrometric precision of ground-based optical observations approaches the limit set by the forthcoming GAIA mission, astrometric stability can be investigated. Though the optical emission from the core region usually exceeds the other components by a factor of a hundred, the variability of those components must surely imply some measure of variability of the astrometric baricenter. Whether this is confirmed or not, it puts important constraints on the relationship of the quasar's central engine to the surrounding distribution of matter. To investigate the correlation between long-term optical variability and what is dubbed as the “random walk” of the astrometric center, a program is being pursued at the WFI/ESO 2.2m. The sample was selected from quasars known to undergo large-amplitude and long-term optical variations (Smith et al. 1993; Teerikorpi 2000). The observations are typically made every two months. The treatment is differential, comparing the quasar position and brightness against a sample of selected stars for which the average relative distances and magnitudes remain constant. The provisional results for four objects bring strong support to the hypothesis of a relationship between astrometric and photometric variability. A full account is provided by Andrei et al. (2009).

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