scholarly journals SOME FACTORS RELATED TO KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF SWEET DRUG PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF MALE MEDICINE STUDENTS IN THAI BINH UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY IN 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phan Thu Nga ◽  
Nguyen Thi Ai ◽  
Nguyen Ha My ◽  
Bui Thi Huyen Dieu ◽  
Pham Tuan Dat
Keyword(s):  
Passive Smoking ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Drug Prevention ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Harm Prevention ◽  
And Control

The study was designed according to descriptive epidemiological research through an analytical cross-sectional investigation. Directly interviewing 434 male students of general medical education with the goal: Identifying some factors related to knowledge and practice of tobacco harm prevention and control among male students of university general medicine Thai Binh Medicine and Pharmacy in 2020. Research results show: there is a relationship between the subject's age and the subject's smoking behavior with OR = 2.0. Awareness of diseases acquired by passive smoking and subjects' smoking behavior, according to which subjects who do not know the diseases acquired by passive smoking are more likely to smoke than the know group 4.7 times.

Investigation on emotion and behavior of children aged 1-11 during the pandemic of COVID-19: A Cross-sectional study in Guizhou, China (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yushi Mo ◽  
Yan Luo ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
Dewei Xiao ◽  
Shuqing Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Emotional Problems ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Emotional And Behavioral Problems ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Control

BACKGROUND In face of the sudden epidemic of COVID-19, strict prevention and control measures had been urgently carried out all over China. Because of the long-term home quarantine, all kinds of people were affected by it. OBJECTIVE In order to understand the mental health of children during the pandemic of COVID-19, this study investigated the prevalence and characteristics of emotional and behavioral problems of children aged 1-11 in Guizhou. METHODS Based on the online survey platform, the survey link was pushed through Wechat in April 2020. Electronic questionnaires were used to investigate children's demographic characteristics, emotional or behavioral problems. RESULTS A total of 3505 valid questionnaires were received from 9 prefectures and cities in Guizhou Province. 39.67% of the children in the 1-2-year-old group had emotional problems. 17.63% of the children agd 3-5 years had behavioral or emotional problems. And 23.57% of the children agd 6-11 years havd behavioral problems. CONCLUSIONS During the home quarantine period of prevention and control of COVID-19, even young children were adversely affected. The prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems in children was high, which was mainly manifested as anxiety, difficulty in concentration and sleep problems.

scholarly journals Infection control practices and challenges in Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multicentre cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 175717742110127
Author(s):  
Salma Abbas ◽  
Faisal Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
And Control

Background: Patient and staff safety at healthcare facilities during outbreaks hinges on a prompt infection prevention and control response. Physicians leading these programmes have encountered numerous obstacles during the pandemic. Aim/objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate infection prevention and control practices and explore the challenges in Pakistan during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study and administered a survey to physicians leading infection prevention and control programmes at 18 hospitals in Pakistan. Results: All participants implemented universal masking, limited the intake of patients and designated separate triage areas, wards and intensive care units for coronavirus disease 2019 patients at their hospitals. Eleven (61%) physicians reported personal protective equipment shortages. Staff at three (17%) hospitals worked without the appropriate personal protective equipment due to limited supplies. All participants felt overworked and 17 (94%) reported stress. Physicians identified the lack of negative pressure rooms, fear and anxiety among hospital staff, rapidly evolving guidelines, personal protective equipment shortages and opposition from hospital staff regarding the choice of recommended personal protective equipment as major challenges during the pandemic. Discussion: The results of this study highlight the challenges faced by physicians leading infection prevention and control programmes in Pakistan. It is essential to support infection prevention and control personnel and bridge the identified gaps to ensure patient and staff safety at healthcare facilities.

scholarly journals Gender differences and determinants of prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among adults in China and Sweden

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ailiana Santosa ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Lars Weinehall ◽  
Genming Zhao ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chinese Men ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Failure to promote early detection and better management of hypertension will contribute to the increasing burden of cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to assess the gender differences in the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension, together with its associated factors, in China and Sweden. Methods We used data from two cross-sectional studies: the Västerbotten Intervention Program in northern Sweden (n = 25,511) and the Shanghai survey in eastern China (n = 25,356). We employed multivariable logistic regression to examine the socio-demographics, lifestyle behaviours, and biological factors associated with the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension. Results Men had a higher prevalence of hypertension (43% in Sweden, 39% in China) than their female counterparts (29 and 36%, respectively). In Sweden, men were less aware of, less treated for, and had less control over their hypertension than women. Chinese men were more aware of, had similar levels of treatment for, and had less control over their hypertension compared to women. Awareness and control of hypertension was lower in China compared to Sweden. Only 33 and 38% of hypertensive Chinese men and women who were treated reached the treatment goals, compared with a respective 48 and 59% in Sweden. Old age, impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes, a family history of hypertension or cardiovascular diseases, low physical activity and overweight or obesity were found to increase the odds of hypertension and its diagnosis. Conclusions This study shows the age and gender differences in the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among adults in China and Sweden. Multisectoral intervention should be developed to address the increasing burden of sedentary lifestyle, overweight and obesity and diabetes, all of which are linked to the prevention and control of hypertension. Development and implementation of the gender- and context-specific intervention for the prevention and control of hypertension facilitates understanding with regard to the implementation barriers and facilitators.

Health promotion through youth empowerment to prevent and control smoking behavior: a conceptual paper

2021 ◽  
Vol 121 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-294
Author(s):  
Heni Trisnowati ◽  
Djauhar Ismail ◽  
Retna Siwi Padmawati
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Tobacco Control ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Smoking Prevention ◽  
Youth Empowerment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Planning Implementation ◽  
And Control

PurposeThis paper aimed to review globally the empowerment programs for the prevention and control of smoking behavior among youths, to examine the role of empowerment in health promotion, to explore the stages of health promotion through community empowerment strategies including planning, implementation and evaluation. Finally, this paper will develop a model of youth empowerment to prevent and control smoking behavior that reflects theory and experience drawn from the literature.Design/methodology/approachThis review synthesized articles on community empowerment and health promotion, youth empowerment programs for tobacco prevention and control globally from books and electronic databases from the Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) library in the publication period 2000–2020. Relevant literature was selected and critically reviewed which reflected the role empowerment in health promotion, stage of community empowerment strategy as described by Laverack and youth empowerment concept in tobacco control as described by Holden.FindingsDocuments that specifically discuss empowerment programs for smoking prevention and control are still limited. The findings document that youth empowerment in tobacco control do not fully integrate the theory empowerment as described by Laverack and Holden. This paper provides information about the stages of youth empowerment, and a conceptual framework of youth empowerment for the prevention and control of smoking behavior. Youth empowerment is done through the direct involvement of youth in programs starting from program design, planning, implementation and evaluation. Indicators of the success of the empowerment process are reflected in the increase in the empowerment domain. Meanwhile, the output of empowerment can be seen from the individual- or group-level changes.Originality/valueThis paper proposes a model of youth empowerment for the prevention and control of smoking behavior among youths based on theory and experience in the field.

scholarly journals Knowledge of healthcare professionals regarding the vertical transmission of syphilis in Fortaleza -CE, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Maia Alves da Silva ◽  
Maria Alix Leite Araújo ◽  
Raimunda Magalhães da Silva ◽  
Roumayne Fernandes Vieira Andrade ◽  
Heber José de Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Congenital Syphilis ◽  
Venereal Disease ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Control

The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge of family health strategy professionals regarding the prevention and control of the vertical transmission of syphilis. This cross-sectional study was carried out in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, from August to October 2009. A questionnaire was used, with its correct answers being in line with the recommendations of the Ministry of Health. Univariate analysis was carried out, with frequency distribution, mean and standard deviation. A total of 269 professionals participated, 44.7% had 6 to 10 years of experience in the FHS, and 60% of the questions regarding their knowledge were answered correctly: 75.8% were aware of the request period of the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test; 78.1% of the alternative drug for the treatment for pregnant women allergic to penicillin, 55.1% of the request period for VDRL for cure and control, and 50.2% of the conduct with a sexual partner. It was concluded that healthcare professionals are unaware of the appropriate actions for the prevention and control of congenital syphilis.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Survey of Personal Hygiene Positive Behavior Related to COVID-19 Prevention and Control among Indonesian Communities

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Fatma Lestari ◽  
Abdul Kadir ◽  
Muhammad Idham ◽  
Fahrul Azwar ◽  
Ganis Ramadhany ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Positive Behavior ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Council ◽  
And Control

People’s behaviors can affect the spread of the COVID-19 virus. Public behaviors, including proper personal hygiene and healthy life practices, the use of appropriate masks, and the application of good disinfectants, have an important role in human health and protection towards prevention and control of COVID-19 spread. This study aims to perform a survey of public behavior and best practices related to COVID-19 prevention and control among Indonesian communities. A cross-sectional study was designed to collect information using an online survey. Respondents were gathered from 34 provinces in Indonesia through the Indonesia National Safety and Health Council network and Universities network. Respondents voluntarily submitted their response to a predesigned online questionnaire. The collected data was then analyzed using SPSS 24.0. A total of 771 respondent subjects (male 386; female 385) were recruited. The results show that 96% of participants implement positive behavior of personal hygiene, including wearing a mask when going outside their house, and almost 67.3% of respondents sprayed a disinfectant in their house. The majority of participants hold a door handle (37.2%) and desk (28.1%) at a frequency of more than six times a day. There were 8.2% of participants implementing good personal hygiene, including hand-washing at least once a day and maximum of more than six times after going to the toilet. At-risk behaviors were conducted by respondents in which they touched part of their face at a frequency of once during an hour. It was identified that males are less likely to perform better hand hygiene as opposed to females. In conclusion, the study showed that positive behavior of personal hygiene related to COVID-19 has been implemented among Indonesian communities. This result suggests that positive behavior based on community-based prevention and control needs to be continually maintained in order to prevent and control COVID-19 spread.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Awareness on Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases among Commercial Sex Workers

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
MR Haque ◽  
K Ghosh ◽  
H Sultana ◽  
E Saha ◽  
A Kafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Diseases ◽  
Sex Workers ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Sexuality Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
One Year ◽  
Almost All ◽  
And Control

Objective: The main objective of the study was to assess the level of awareness on prevention and control of sexually transmitted diseases among 120 sex workers.Material and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted for one year. Data were collected through face to face interview using Bengali questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS 17.0 software.Place and Period of Study: The study was conducted from January 1st to December 31st of 2014 among 120 sex workersliving in brothel of Daulodia,Rajbariin Bangladesh.Results: More than half (58.7%) of the respondents had children in the brothels. All the respondents (100%) heard about the sexually transmitted diseases. Majority (86.7%) of the respondents had knowledge on AIDS. Only a few (4.2%) respondents had knowledge on AIDS and Gonorrhea. Majority (91.7 %) of the respondents had knowledge on STD transmission from pregnant women. Almost all (97.5%, 98.3%)) of the respondents had the knowledge about STD transmissionnot from toilet or shaking hands respectively.Almost all of the (95.8%, 94.2%, 94.2%, 85.8% )respondents had the knowledge on STD transmission through sexual intercourse,injection,through mosquito,sharing same razor respectively. Most of them (81.7%) had good level of knowledge on STD transmission. Only above one tenth (11.7%) had moderate and poor level of knowledge.Almost all of them (96.7%, 95.9%, 95.9%) were found touse condom, agreed to keep one partner at a time,to reduce the number of sex partner respectively.Most of them (89.3%)did not knowthe HIV status of partner before sex,almost all (97.5%, 94.2% and 97.5%) agreed to avoid risky sex,to screen blood during transfusion, to avoid sharing needles & blade respectively. All (100%)of the respondents agreed for need of sexuality education for preventing STD.Almost all (98.30%)of the respondents had good awareness on Prevention and Control of Sexually Transmitted Diseases. There was no association between level of education and level of awareness (P> 0.005), between age and level of awareness (P> 0.005) and between duration of work and level of awareness (P> 0.005).Conclusion: Education is the most consistent and important determinant for prevention of STDs among all classes of people.TAJ 2016; 29(2): 47-56

scholarly journals Prevalence and temporal trend (2005–2015) of anaemia among children in Northeast Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 868-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Coeli da Silva Vieira ◽  
Aline Roberta Silva do Livramento ◽  
Monique Suiane Cavalcante Calheiros ◽  
Carla Mariana Xavier Ferreira ◽  
Tamara Rodrigues dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Temporal Trend ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
And Control ◽  
Moderate Magnitude

AbstractObjectiveAnaemia is the main nutritional deficiency in Brazil, and a prevention and control programme (National Program for Iron Supplementation) has been developed since 2005. Studies on the temporal evolution of anaemia prevalence contribute to assessment of the effectiveness of the actions undertaken. The present study aimed to identify the prevalence and temporal trend of anaemia in children.DesignStudy based on two cross-sectional household surveys carried out in 2005 and 2015. Anaemia was defined as Hb<11 g/dl (HemoCue®). Trend analysis was performed using the prevalence ratio (PR), calculated by Poisson regression with a robust adjustment of the variance. Differences were significant when P<0·05 in both crude analyses and those adjusted for possible confounding factors (e.g. socio-economic, demographic and health variables).SettingAlagoas, Brazil.SubjectsIn total, 666 and 782 children in the first and second Alagoas State Health and Nutrition Survey, respectively (probabilistic samples).ResultsIn 2005 and 2015, anaemia prevalence was 45·1 and 27·4 %, respectively (−39·1 %; PR=0·61; 95 % CI 0·52, 0·70). In both surveys, children aged ≤24 months were more affected (P<0·01) than those aged >24 months (67·2 v. 40·7 %; 27·0 v. 19·3 %, respectively).ConclusionsThe prevalence of anaemia reduced significantly in the evaluated period. Thus, it may no longer be a severe public health problem but can instead be considered a problem of moderate magnitude. It remains, however, above the level considered acceptable according to WHO criteria. These results justify the implementation of prevention and control actions.

scholarly journals The prevalence of and risk factors for healthcare-associated infections in Slovenia: results of the second national survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Klavs ◽  
Jana Kolman ◽  
Tatjana Lejko Zupanc ◽  
Božena Kotnik Kevorkijan ◽  
Aleš Korošec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Acute Care Hospitals ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Prevalence Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
And Control

Abstract Introduction In the second Slovenian national healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) prevalence survey, conducted within the European point prevalence survey of HAIs and antimicrobial use in acute-care hospitals, we estimated the prevalence of all types of HAIs and identified risk factors. Methods Patients from acute-care hospitals were enrolled into a one-day cross-sectional study in October 2011. Descriptive analyses were performed to describe the characteristics of patients, their exposure to invasive procedures and the prevalence of different types of HAIs. Univariate and multivariate analyses of association of having at least one HAI with possible risk factors were performed to identify risk factors. Results Among 5628 patients, 3.8% had at least one HAI and additional 2.6% were still being treated for HAIs on the day of the survey; the prevalence of HAIs was 6.4%. The prevalence of urinary tract infections was the highest (1.4%), followed by pneumoniae (1.3%) and surgical site infections (1.2%). In intensive care units (ICUs), the prevalence of patients with at least one HAI was 35.7%. Risk factors for HAIs included central vascular catheter (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 4.0; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 2.9-5.7), peripheral vascular catheter (aOR 2.0; 95% CI: 1.5-2.6), intubation (aOR 2.3; 95% CI: 1.4-3.5) and rapidly fatal underlying condition (aOR 2.1; 95% CI: 1.4-3.3). Conclusions The prevalence of HAIs in Slovenian acute-care hospitals in 2011 was substantial, especially in ICUs. HAIs prevention and control is an important public health priority. National surveillance of HAIs in ICUs should be developed to support evidence-based prevention and control.

scholarly journals Needle Stick and Sharp Objects Injuries Infection Prevention and Control Guidelines among Health Care Students: Descriptive, Cross Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (08) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia M. Mohsen ◽  
Rawhia Dogham ◽  
Asmaa Saber Ghaly
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Care Students ◽  
Needle Stick ◽  
Needle Stick Injuries ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Infection Control Guidelines ◽  
And Control

Background: Percutaneous exposure to contaminated needle sticks and other sharps is a danger not only to health care workers but also to nursing and paramedical students that increases the morbidity and mortality from infections with blood borne pathogens. Knowledge concerning the general precautions is vital for the prevention of such accidents. This study aimed to describe the knowledge and practice of infection prevention and control guidelines among health care students regarding needle stick and sharp objects injuries. Methods: A descriptive, cross sectional research design was used. Health care students were selected using convenience sampling which included 90 students. Data was collected using a self-reporting structured online questionnaire and administered to a number of health care students including nursing and Clinical laboratory specialists. Results: It was found that about half (49%, 52%) of the students had fair knowledge and fair practice regarding needle stick injuries and infection control guidelines respectively. The majority of the students (76.7%) had positive attitudes towards Needle stick injuries and infection control guidelines. Conclusion: This study concluded that knowledge and practice of health care students about the risk associated with needle-stick and sharp objects injuries and use of preventive measures was fair. Special concerns should be given to the role of post exposure prophylaxis, the recapping of needles and the importance and mechanism of reporting NSIs. Standing operating procedures should be conveyed regarding needle-stick and sharp objects injuries in all the health facilities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document