STUDY OF THE STABILITY AND RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF THE PULP OF BACURI (Platonia insignis Mart.)

This work aimed to study the physical-chemical properties, stability and rheology of the natural and diluted pulp of bacuri (Platonia insignis Mart.). The pulp was characterized through chemi-cal and physical analyses. The study of stability involved the evaluation of the sedimentation index and turbidity, in addition to rheological properties at 10, 35 and 60 oC. The results showed that bacuri pulp represents an important source of dietary fiber, with a greater protein content and antioxidant activity than other bacuri genotypes. The rheological data were adjusted by the Power Law model, indicating that the pulp in natura and diluted consistencies pre-sents a non-Newtonian behavior of the pseudoplastic type. As expected for fruit pulps, an inverse relation-ship was found between the consistency index and the temperature, as well as a direct relationship be-tween the consistency index and the soluble solids content.

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Relationship between Soil Management System and Cultivar in Black Currant (Ribes nigrum L.)

Contemporary Agriculture ◽

10.1515/contagri-2017-0004 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 66 (1-2) ◽

pp. 21-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Svetlana M. Paunović ◽

Mihailo Nikolić ◽

Rade Miletić

Keyword(s):

Management System ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Management ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Management Systems ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Black Currant ◽

Solids Content

Summary This experiment evaluated the effect of soil management systems in a black currant planting on the generative potential (number of flowers per inflorescence, number of berries per cluster and yield per bush), physical attributes of the cluster and fruit (berry weight and cluster weight) and chemical properties of the fruit (soluble solids content, total sugars, titratable acidity, total anthocyanins, total phenolic content and vitamin C) of black currant cultivars. Three soil management systems were used: treatment I – bare fallow i.e. continuous tillage; treatment II – sawdust mulch, and treatment III – black polyethylene foil mulch. Four black currant cultivars were included - ‘Ben Lomond’, ‘Titania’, ‘Čačanska crna’ and ‘Tiben’. The soil management systems had a significant effect on the tested parameters. The cultivars also showed highly significant differences. Soil management system x cultivar interactions were observed for generative potential, and physical properties of the cluster and fruit, but not for fruit chemical traits, except in the soluble solids content.

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Evaluating the Physicochemical Properties of Some Kosovo’s and Imported Honey Samples

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app12020629 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 629

Author(s):

Agim Rysha ◽

Granit Kastrati ◽

Lejla Biber ◽

Valon Sadiku ◽

Aurorë Rysha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Physicochemical Parameters ◽

International Standards ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Prolonged Storage ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Free Acidity ◽

The Stability ◽

Solids Content ◽

Maximum Content

This study evaluated the physicochemical properties (moisture, pH, electrical conductivity, free acidity, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), proteins, insoluble solids, and ash) of 45 Kosovo’s and imported honey samples, using methods provided by national and international standards. The moisture values of all honey samples analyzed were below 20%. The free acidity was above 50.0 meq kg−1 in 14 out of 33 samples (42%) collected in Kosovo, while 2 out of 12 imported honey samples (16.7%) showed higher values than 50 meq kg−1. In this study, 7 out of 33 honey samples (21%) from Kosovo and one out of 12 honey samples from imports had soluble solids content below 80 °Brix. In terms of HMF, 5 out of 33 Kosovo honey samples (15%) and 4 out of 12 imported honey samples (33%) exceeded 40 mg/kg, which is the maximum content of HMF set in standards. The values of some physicochemical parameters (free acidity, HMF, and soluble solids) of local and imported honey samples are not within the quality limits set in legislation. Further studies are needed to evaluate the properties of fresh honey produced in Kosovo and the stability of honey during prolonged storage.

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Physical–Chemical Composition and Quality Related Changes in “Ruaner” Pear (Pyrus ussuriensis) During Freezing–Thawing Period

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24142611 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (14) ◽

pp. 2611

Author(s):

Yulian Liu ◽

Yuxia Wu ◽

Fei Che ◽

Zhimin Zhang ◽

Baihong Chen

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Water Content ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Total Flavonoid ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Postharvest Ripening ◽

Solids Content

“Ruaner” pear (Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim.) is a fruit crop that is frequently served frozen in China. It is a typical postharvest ripening fruit that needs to ripen after harvest before it can be eaten, and freezing–thawing is one way that pears are treated during postharvest ripening. In order to study the physical–chemical composition and quality-related changes in “Ruaner” pears that result the freezing–thawing period, “Ruaner” pears were kept in a freezer (−20 °C) for 7 days, after which they were transferred to room temperature for thawing. The color of the peel of the “Ruaner” pears changed from yellow-green to yellow and then brown. The chlorophyll content and titratable acidity (TA) decreased significantly throughout 0–12 h period. The carotenoid content tended to rise and then decrease, peaking at 3 h after thawing (HAT), while the soluble solids content (SSC), firmness, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content all generally decreased. The composition of soluble sugars and organic acids was examined in “Ruaner” pears, and the major soluble sugars were fructose and glucose, with citric acid being the most abundant organic acid. The data suggest that freezing–thawing significantly changes firmness, water content, SSC, and TA in “Ruaner” pears. At 3–4 HAT, “Ruaner” pears have moderate hardness, high water content, low acid content, and higher total phenolic, total flavonoid, and soluble solids content. Therefore, 3–4 HAT is the best time for pears in terms of both table and processing quality.

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Cultivar and year effects on the chemical composition of elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) fruits

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha48211873 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 770-782

Author(s):

Virág CSORBA ◽

Magdolna TÓTH ◽

Anna M. LÁSZLÓ ◽

Levente KARDOS ◽

Szilvia KOVÁCS

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Acid Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Anthocyanin Content ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Titratable Acid ◽

Solids Content

Due to their outstanding anthocyanin content, elderberries are mainly used in the food industry to produce pigment concentrations. Thanks to the increase in demand, elderberry is grown on ever greater areas in Hungary and in neighbouring countries. Cultivar use, however, is very one-sided, being practically restricted to ‘Haschberg’. As this cultivar has many negative properties, growers have begun to plant and test new cultivars. When determining the commodity value of cultivars, it is important to examine not only the physical traits of the fruit, but also their main chemical parameters. In the present experiment the chemical properties (soluble solids and titratable acid content, total polyphenol and anthocyanin content, antioxidant capacity) of the fruit of 11 elderberry cultivars (‘Haidegg 13’, ‘Haidegg 17’, ‘Haschberg’, K3, ‘Korsör’, ‘Samdal’, ‘Samidan’, ‘Samocco’, ‘Sampo’, ‘Samyl’, ‘Weihenstephan’) were analysed in three consecutive years. In addition to the comparative evaluation of the cultivars, this work also aimed to discover correlations between the components and to study the effect of the year on the chemical composition of the fruit. Significant differences were found between the cultivars for the soluble solids content (F(10;8.74)=9.71; p=0.001), the titratable acid content (F(10;22)=7.91; p<0.001), the polyphenol content (F(10;22)=9.77; p<0.001), the anthocyanin content (F(10;8.52)=36.18; p<0.001) and the antioxidant capacity (F(10;22)=3.61; p=0.006). A year effect was proved for the water-soluble solids content (F(2;30)=4.02; p=0.028) and the antioxidant capacity (F(2;30)=5.21; p=0.011). Among the chemical properties, a significant positive linear correlation was only detected between the polyphenol and anthocyanin contents (r=0.91; p<0.001). Among the cultivars, ‘Sampo’, ‘Samidan’ and ‘Weihenstephan’ exhibited outstanding polyphenol and anthocyanin contents. The soluble solids content and antioxidant capacity of ‘Haidegg 17’ were also promising.

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Postharvest quality of strawberry produced during two consecutive seasons

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-05362014000200008 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 168-173 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Marina C Antunes ◽

Francine L Cuquel ◽

Maria AC Zawadneak ◽

Átila F Mogor ◽

Juliano TV Resende

Keyword(s):

Titratable Acidity ◽

Production Costs ◽

Sensory Characteristics ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Flesh Firmness ◽

Vitamin Content ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Solids Content

Maintaining plants in the field for two consecutive crop cycles is one of the latest techniques used by strawberry growers to reduce production costs. The goal of this research was to evaluate the postharvest fruit quality of six strawberry cultivars produced for two consecutive seasons with the same plants. They were planted from May to July 2010 under low-tunnel and fruits were evaluated in two growing seasons (season 1= January, February, and March 2011 and season 2= August, September, and October 2011), totaling three harvests of each cultivar in each year season. Fruits were picked up randomly among 500 plants of each cultivar, organized into five replications of five fruits and kept for three days before analysis under refrigeration (average temperature of 4°C). Variables analyzed were: soluble solids content, titratable acidity, soluble solids content/titratable acidity, flesh firmness, C vitamin content, sensory characteristics (sweetness, flavor, acidity, aroma, shape and flesh firmness), and mineral composition (Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Cu and Zn). 'Albion', 'Monterey' and 'San Andreas' showed good physical, chemical and sensory characteristics in both seasons. In general, fruits produced during the season 1 showed better physical, chemical and sensory characteristics than fruits produced in season 2. 'Palomar' and 'Portola' were better than the other cultivars concerning C vitamin content in both seasons. 'Palomar' showed higher potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese and zinc levels, and 'Portola' showed higher calcium and iron levels.

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Quality of Carrots Grown for Processing as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization and Harvest Term

Vegetable Crops Research Bulletin ◽

10.2478/v10032-009-0013-z ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 135-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marek Gajewski ◽

Zenon Węglarz ◽

Anna Sereda ◽

Marta Bajer ◽

Agnieszka Kuczkowska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Carrot Juice ◽

Harvest Time ◽

Experimental Station ◽

Colour Parameters ◽

Solids Content ◽

Nitrates Content

Quality of Carrots Grown for Processing as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization and Harvest TermIn 2007-2008 the effect of nitrogen fertilization and harvest term on quality of two carrot cultivars was investigated. The field experiment was carried out in Żelazna Experimental Station of Warsaw University of Life Sciences. Karotan F1and Trafford F1cultivars, commonly grown for juice industry, were the objects of the experiment. Carrot seeds were sown at the beginning of May. Nitrogen fertilization was applied in five rates, ranged from 0 to 120 kg·ha-1and in two terms — before sowing and in the middle of growing season. Roots were harvested in three terms: mid-September, mid-October and the first decade of November. After harvest there were determined: nitrates (NO3) content in carrot roots and juice, soluble solids, colour parameters of juice in CIE L*a*b*system. The dose and the term of nitrogen fertilization influenced nitrates content in carrots, and the highest NO3concentration was found in carrots fertilized with 120 kg·ha-1of N before sowing. Karotan showed higher nitrates accumulation than Trafford. The content of nitrates in the roots was markedly higher than in carrot juice. Nitrates content in carrots decreased with delaying of harvest time, in opposite to soluble solids content. Soluble solids content and colour parameters of carrot juice were not affected by nitrogen fertilization, but the lowest L*, a*and b*values were observed at the last term of harvest.

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Hydrothermic Treatment Effects on Some Ripening Changes on Mango Fruits (Mangifera indica L) `Crillo de Bocado' during Storage: II. Chemical Parameters

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.520e ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 520e-520

Author(s):

Juan E Manzano ◽

Oswaldo Valor

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Storage Time ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Mangifera Indica ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Solids Content ◽

Green Stage

Mango fruits `Criollo de Bocado' harvested at the mature-green stage were treated with a hydrothermic treatment of 55 °C for 3 min and stored for 20 days at temperatures of 10 ± 2, 15 ± 2 and 28 ± 2 °C. A randomized design 2 × 3 × 4 with three replications was used. Some chemical parameters were analyzed, such as total soluble solids content (% TSS), pH, tritatable acidity, and TSS/tritatable acidity ratio. TSS content increased with storage time at low temperature. The pH increased measurably with storage temperature, while tritatable acidity values results had inconsistent data.

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Physico-chemical aspects of grape juices produced in the region of Campanha Gaucha, RS, Brazil (Southern Brazil)

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20191201018 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 01018

Author(s):

V.B. Costa ◽

S.B. de Andrade ◽

P.L.P.K. Lemos ◽

A. Bender ◽

C. Goulart ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grape Juice ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Color Intensity ◽

Volatile Acidity ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Increasing Demand ◽

Solids Content ◽

Grape Juices

The Campanha Gaucha region, southern Brazil, has received significant investments in Viticulture during the last decades, especially for the production of quality wines. However, implementing the production of American and hybrid grapes in this region constitutes and opportunity to supply the increasing demand of the grape juice market in Brazil. Juices of two varieties, “Bordô” and “Concord”, from two locations, Dom Pedrito and Santana do Livramento, were analysed in terms of the following physico-chemical aspects: total city, volatile acidity, density, pH, soluble solids content, color intensity, and hue. “Bordô” juices presented higher total acidity and did not differ in relation to location. Higher volatile acidity was found in “Concord” juice from Santana do Livramento. Higher pH was found in the variety “Concord” and in the location Dom Pedrito. For this same location, the “Concord” grape juices showed higher soluble solids values. Color intensity was higher in Santana do Livramento. Color hue was higher in Dom Pedrito. Both variety and location impacted significantly on physico-chemical aspects of grape juices, although all the grapes were produced within the Campanha Gaucha region.

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Modelling Soluble Solids Content Accumulation in ‘Braeburn’ Apples

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10020302 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 302

Author(s):

Konni Biegert ◽

Daniel Stöckeler ◽

Roy J. McCormick ◽

Peter Braun

Keyword(s):

Explanatory Power ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Optical Measurements ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Sensor Data ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Mixed Effect ◽

Laboratory Errors ◽

Solids Content ◽

Non Destructive

Optical sensor data can be used to determine changes in anthocyanins, chlorophyll and soluble solids content (SSC) in apple production. In this study, visible and near-infrared spectra (729 to 975 nm) were transformed to SSC values by advanced multivariate calibration models i.e., partial least square regression (PLSR) in order to test the substitution of destructive chemical analyses through non-destructive optical measurements. Spectral field scans were carried out from 2016 to 2018 on marked ‘Braeburn’ apples in Southwest Germany. The study combines an in-depth statistical analyses of longitudinal SSC values with horticultural knowledge to set guidelines for further applied use of SSC predictions in the orchard to gain insights into apple carbohydrate physiology. The PLSR models were investigated with respect to sample size, seasonal variation, laboratory errors and the explanatory power of PLSR models when applied to independent samples. As a result of Monte Carlo simulations, PLSR modelled SSC only depended to a minor extent on the absolute number and accuracy of the wet chemistry laboratory calibration measurements. The comparison between non-destructive SSC determinations in the orchard with standard destructive lab testing at harvest on an independent sample showed mean differences of 0.5% SSC over all study years. SSC modelling with longitudinal linear mixed-effect models linked high crop loads to lower SSC values at harvest and higher SSC values for fruit from the top part of a tree.

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The Effect of Weed Competition on Apple Fruit Quality

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha45110556 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 120-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ersin ATAY ◽

Seckin GARGIN ◽

Ahmet ESITKEN ◽

N. Pinar GUZEL ◽

A. Nilgun ATAY ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Apple Orchard ◽

High Density ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Limiting Factor ◽

Weed Competition ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Solids Content ◽

Potassium Magnesium

Orchard performance is influenced by weed competition. In this study, the effects of weed competition on nutrient contents, chemical and physical fruit quality properties were sought. The study was carried out in a high-density apple orchard (‘Golden Delicious’/M.9) over two consecutive growing seasons. The effect of weed competition was studied at three different levels: weak, moderate and strong. Fruit firmness, soluble solids content, macronutrients (such as nitrogen, potassium and calcium) and potassium+magnesium/calcium ratio in fruit were significantly affected by weed competition. Strong weed competition negatively affected soluble solids content and potassium+magnesium/calcium ratio. In both trial years, soluble solids content was significantly higher in weak weed competition. In the first year of the study, soluble solids content ranged between 13.77±0.06% (strong weed competition) and 15.20±0.10% (weak weed competition). In the following year, soluble solids content values were determined as 13.13±0.23% in strong weed competition and 13.83±0.21% in weak weed competition. Weak weed competition showed superiority for fruit weight and potassium+magnesium/calcium ratio. As a whole, this study indicates that insufficient weed control in tree rows might be a limiting factor for fruit quality in high-density apple orchards.

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