scholarly journals Effectiveness of Suboccipital Muscle Inhibition Technique versus Muscle Energy Technique on Hamstring Muscle Flexibility in College Going Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 160-174
Author(s):  
Rooju Vachhani ◽  
Himanshi Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Muscle Energy Technique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Muscle Inhibition ◽  
Muscle Energy ◽  
Inhibition Technique

Background: Hamstring is one of the commonest muscle which often gets tight. Suboccipital muscle inhibition technique is a method of relaxing tension in four muscles located between occiput and axis which regulates the upper cervical vertebra. When the tone of suboccipital muscles falls, it has been reported that the tone of knee flexors such as hamstrings also decreases due to relaxation of myofascia. This is because hamstrings and suboccipital muscles are connected by one neural system, which passes through the duramater called the superficial back line. Muscle energy technique is a procedure that involves voluntary contraction of a patient’s muscle in a precisely controlled direction, at varying levels of intensity and has been utilized in lengthening of tight muscles. Method: The study was done after obtaining approval from ethical committee. Subjects having hamstring tightness who fulfilled inclusion criteria were selected from the population. 52 subjects were included and divided into two groups. The study was carried out for 5 days. Subjects in the experimental group were treated with SMIT and Subjects in control group were treated with MET. Outcome measures used were Active Knee extension test and Back Saver Sit and Reach Test. Data was analysed post treatment (Immediate effects) and at the end of 5th session using non- parametric tests at 5% level of significance. Result: Within group analysis at post treatment and at the end of 5th session showed significant improvement in both the outcome measures in experimental and control group. Between group analysis showed no significant effect post treatment whereas after 5 days significant difference was found where more improvement was found in the control group i.e. Muscle energy technique group. Conclusion: Suboccipital Muscle Inhibition Technique and Muscle Energy Technique both were effective in improving hamstring flexibility but Muscle energy technique was found to be more effective. Keywords: Suboccipital Muscle Inhibition Technique, Muscle Energy Technique (MET), Flexibility, Active Knee Extension (AKE), Back Saver Sit and Reach Test (BSRT).

scholarly journals Donepezil for mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoungwon Baik ◽  
Seon Myeong Kim ◽  
Jin Ho Jung ◽  
Yang Hyun Lee ◽  
Seok Jong Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractWe investigated the efficacy of donepezil for mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease (PD-MCI). This was a prospective, non-randomized, open-label, two-arm study. Eighty PD-MCI patients were assigned to either a treatment or control group. The treatment group received donepezil for 48 weeks. The primary outcome measures were the Korean version of Mini-Mental State Exam and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores. Secondary outcome measures were the Clinical Dementia Rating, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III, Clinical Global Impression scores. Progression of dementia was assessed at 48-week. Comprehensive neuropsychological tests and electroencephalography (EEG) were performed at baseline and after 48 weeks. The spectral power ratio of the theta to beta2 band (TB2R) in the electroencephalogram was analyzed. There was no significant difference in the primary and secondary outcome measures between the two groups. However, the treatment group showed a significant decrease in TB2R at bilateral frontotemporoparietal channels compared to the control group. Although we could not demonstrate improvements in the cognitive functions, donepezil treatment had a modulatory effect on the EEG in PD-MCI patients. EEG might be a sensitive biomarker for detecting changes in PD-MCI after donepezil treatment.

scholarly journals Impact of Somatosensory Training on Neural and Functional Recovery of Lower Extremity in Patients with Chronic Stroke: A Single Blind Controlled Randomized Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 583
Author(s):  
Reem M. Alwhaibi ◽  
Noha F. Mahmoud ◽  
Mye A. Basheer ◽  
Hoda M. Zakaria ◽  
Mahmoud Y. Elzanaty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Post

Recovery of lower extremity (LE) function in chronic stroke patients is considered a barrier to community reintegration. An adequate training program is required to improve neural and functional performance of the affected LE in chronic stroke patients. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of somatosensory rehabilitation on neural and functional recovery of LE in stroke patients. Thirty male and female patients were recruited and randomized to equal groups: control group (GI) and intervention group (GII). All patients were matched for age, duration of stroke, and degree of motor impairment of the affected LE. Both groups received standard program of physical therapy in addition to somatosensory rehabilitation for GII. The duration of treatment for both groups was eight consecutive weeks. Outcome measures used were Functional Independent Measure (FIM) and Quantitative Electroencephalography (QEEG), obtained pre- and post-treatment. A significant improvement was found in the FIM scores of the intervention group (GII), as compared to the control group (GI) (p < 0.001). Additionally, QEEG scores improved within the intervention group post-treatment. QEEG scores did not improve within the control group post-treatment, except for “Cz-AR”, compared to pretreatment, with no significant difference between groups. Adding somatosensory training to standard physical therapy program results in better improvement of neuromuscular control of LE function in chronic stroke patients.

Does soft tissue mobilization assist static stretching to improve hamstring flexibility? A randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shibili Nuhmani
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Static Stretching ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hamstring Flexibility ◽  
Soft Tissue Mobilization ◽  
Experimental Group

AbstractObjectivesObjective of the study is to investigate whether Soft tissue mobilization (STM) can assist with static stretching to improve hamstring flexibly.MethodsThe design of the study was repeated measure design. The study was conducted at the physical therapy laboratory of Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi. Participants included 78 healthy males with hamstring tightness, randomly assigned to either the control group (static stretching) or the experimental group (STM and static stretching). The experimental group received five sets of four different STM techniques, followed by two sets of 30-s static stretches 3 days per week over the course of 12 weeks. The control group received 5 min of sham ultrasound with an inactive probe prior to static stretching. Active knee extension test (AKE) was the outcome measure.ResultsBoth groups showed significant improvement in AKE compared with the baseline measurements. With ingroup analysis showed a significant difference in AKE across all measured time periods (weeks 4, 8, and 12) with pre-test in both groups (p<0.05). No significant difference in AKE improvement was found between groups (p>0.05).ConclusionThe results of this study show that STM prior to static stretching does not significantly improve hamstring flexibility among healthy individuals. Although this study cannot be generalized, the results may be useful for evidence-based practice in the management of hamstring tightness.

Effectiveness of Laser Therapy and Ultrasound Therapy along with Muscle Energy Technique in subjects with Trapezitis

2021 ◽  
pp. 116-120
Author(s):  
K. Kotteeswaran ◽  
Syed Gaffar ◽  
Krishna. R ◽  
Keerthana Priya. R.
Keyword(s):  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Neck Disability Index ◽  
Ultrasound Therapy ◽  
Muscle Energy Technique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Muscle Energy ◽  
Group B ◽  
Neck Disability

Aim: To find the effectiveness of laser therapy and ultrasound therapy along with muscle energy technique in treatment of Trapezitis. Materials and Methods: Non-equivalent quasi experimental study design was used in this study. Total of 30 subjects with trapezitis were selected using non probability convenient sampling technique.30 Subjects was divided into two groups by lot system. Group A received laser therapy and Group B received ultrasound therapy and for both the group muscle energy technique was given. The outcome measures are Neck Disability Index (NDI) for measuring Functional Disability. Data collected and tabulated was statistically analyzed. Result: Statistical analysis of post-test, Neck Disability Index (NDI) revealed that there is statistically significant difference seen between Group A and Group B. Conclusion: From the result, it has been concluded that Laser therapy with muscle energy technique (Group A) was more effective than Ultrasound therapy with muscle energy technique (Group B) on improving functional ability in subjects with Trapezitis.

scholarly journals Comparison Between Classic and Light Touch Massage on Psychological and Physical Functional Variables in Athletes: a Randomized Pilot Trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Gemma Victoria Espí-López, PT, PhD ◽  
Pilar Serra-Añó, PT, PhD ◽  
Ferran Cuenca-Martínez , PT, MSc ◽  
Luis Suso-Martí, PT, MSc ◽  
Marta Inglés, PT, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Light Touch ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Massage Group ◽  
Physical Variables ◽  
Hip Flexion

Background: Despite the general belief of the benefits and the widespread use of massage in sport field, there are limited empirical data on possible effectiveness of massage on psychological and physical functional variables. Purpose: The main objective of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of classical and light touch massage on psychological and physical functional variables in athletes. Setting: Athletic club of Valencia Participants: 20 amateur athletes were recruited from two athletic clubs. Research Design: A single-blind, randomized, pilot-placebo trial. Intervention: The subjects were randomly allocated to two different groups: a) Massage group (MG) (n=10); b) Control group (CG) (n=10). The intervention period lasted one month (one session per week). Main Outcome Measures: Assessment of the participants was performed at baseline and 24 hours following the completion of the intervention. Outcome measures included hip flexion, knee extension, and mood state. Results: The results suggest that MG obtained better results on physical variables (p < .05). However, for both groups, trends suggest significant improvements in the overall mood state of the participants (p < .05). Conclusion: Our results suggest that classic massage could be an effective intervention to improve functional physical variables in athletes. However, trends suggest that a light touch intervention could provoke improvements in physiological measures.

scholarly journals The added value of cognition-targeted exercise versus symptom-targeted exercise for multiple sclerosis fatigue: A randomized controlled pilot trial

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0258752
Author(s):  
Azza Alketbi ◽  
Salah Basit ◽  
Nouran Hamza ◽  
Lori M. Walton ◽  
Ibrahim M. Moustafa
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Recruitment Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intervention Protocol

Background Fatigue is considered one of the most common symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) and lacks a current standardized treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the feasibility and effectiveness of a cognition-targeted exercise versus symptom-targeted exercise for MS fatigue. Methods In this Pilot, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial, sixty participants with multiple sclerosis, were randomly assigned to either a Cognition-Targeted Exercise (CTE) (N = 30, mean age 41) or a Symptom-Targeted Exercise (STE) (N = 30, mean age 42). The participants in the experimental group received eight, 50-minute sessions of weekly Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) in addition to a CTE Program; whereas, participants in the control group received eight, 50-minute sessions of weekly CBT in addition to the standardized physiotherapy program (STE Program). Feasibility was assessed through recruitment rate, participant retention, adherence and safety, in addition to clinical outcome measures, including: (1) Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS), (2) Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS), (3) Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). All outcome measures were assessed at baseline (pretreatment), following completion of the eight visit intervention protocol, and at 3-months follow-up. Results The recruitment rate was 60% and 93% of participants completed the entire study. The recruited participants complied with 98% of the required visits. No adverse events were recorded. A Generalized Estimation Equation Model revealed a significant difference over time as an interaction term during the post and follow up visit for all clinical outcome measures (p < .001). Conclusion The addition of CTE to CBT exhibited positive and more lasting influence on MS fatigue outcomes compared to Symptom-Targeted Exercise (STE). Feasibility and efficacy data from this pilot study provide support for a full-scale RCT of CTE as an integral component of Multiple Sclerosis fatigue management.

Knowledge of physiotherapists on the use of Muscle Energy Technique in the management of Non-Specific Low Back Pain

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usman Abba Ahmed ◽  
SONILL Sooknunan Maharaj ◽  
Nadasan Thaya ◽  
Bashir Kaka ◽  
Ashiyat Kahinde Akodu
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Muscle Energy Technique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Muscle Energy ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Objective: The relevance and use of Muscle Energy Technique (MET) as a mode of treatment for Non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) over the last two decades has increased among physiotherapists and other health professionals. This supports the clinical relevance and efficacy of this technique. However, there are no studies to determine the level of MET knowledge among Nigerian physiotherapists. This study was designed to determine the MET knowledge among Nigerian physiotherapists.Method: A total of one hundred and twenty physiotherapists were recruited from the database of the Nigerian Society of Physiotherapy and participated in the study. They completed a semi-structured questionnaire containing 46-items. This was divided into four sections which sourced information on sociodemographic characteristics, work-profile, treatment activities and the knowledge of MET for the management of NSLBP. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics for mean, frequency and percentages. Inferential statistics of Chi-square, Pearson Correlation, independent t-test and ANOVA were used to determine the significant difference with significance set at p<0.05.Result: The study revealed that 16.7% of the participants had knowledge of the application of MET in the management for NSLBP. Age, educational level, practice setting, area of specialization such as musculoskeletal therapy, ergonomics and additional training of low back pain (LBP) were factors that influenced respondents’ MET knowledge (p<0.05). However, gender, university of training, number of years of experience and the practice of managing of LBP in the physiotherapy department did not influence knowledge of MET for the management of NSLBP (p >0.05).Conclusion: This study showed that a small number of participants had knowledge of MET application in the management of NSLBP and certain factors influenced this knowledge. Keywords: Non-specific low back pain, Muscle Energy Technique, Physiotherapists knowledge, Nigeria

Facilitating access to iCBT: a randomized controlled trial assessing a translated version of an empirically validated program using a minimally monitored delivery model

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-202
Author(s):  
Miguel Robichaud ◽  
France Talbot ◽  
Nickolai Titov ◽  
Blake F. Dear ◽  
Heather D. Hadjistavropoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Access To Treatment ◽  
Delivery Model

AbstractBackground:Despite its established efficacy, access to internet-delivered CBT (iCBT) remains limited in a number of countries. Translating existing programs and using a minimally monitored model of delivery may facilitate its dissemination across countries.Aims:This randomized control trial aims to evaluate the efficacy of an iCBT transdiagnostic program translated from English to French and offered in Canada using a minimally monitored delivery model for the treatment of anxiety and depression.Method:Sixty-three French speakers recruited in Canada were randomized to iCBT or a waiting-list. A French translation of an established program, the Wellbeing Course, was offered over 8 weeks using a minimally monitored delivery model. Primary outcome measures were the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), which were obtained pre-treatment, post-treatment and at 3-month follow-up.Results:Mixed-effects models revealed that participants in the treatment group had significantly lower PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores post-treatment than controls with small between-groups effect sizes (d = 0.34 and 0.37, respectively). Within-group effect sizes on primary outcome measures were larger in the treatment than control group. Clinical recovery rates on the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 were significantly higher among the treatment group (40 and 56%, respectively) than the controls (13 and 16%, respectively).Conclusions:The provision of a translated iCBT program using a minimally monitored delivery model may improve patients’ access to treatment of anxiety and depression across countries. This may be an optimal first step in improving access to iCBT before sufficient resources can be secured to implement a wider range of iCBT services.

Role of telerehabilitation in patients following total knee arthroplasty: Evidence from a systematic literature review and meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Shukla ◽  
SR Nair ◽  
D Thakker
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Total Knee

Introduction Increased physical activity and functional ability are the goals of total knee replacement surgery. Therefore, adequate rehabilitation is required for the recovery of patients after discharge from hospital following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This systematic literature review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of home telerehabilitation in patients who underwent TKA. Methods Studies published in the English language between 2000 and 2014 were retrieved from Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane databases using relevant search strategies. Two researchers independently reviewed the studies as per the Cochrane methodology for systematic literature review. We considered telerehabilitation sessions as those that were conducted by experienced physiotherapists, using videoconferencing to patients’ homes via an internet connection. The outcomes assessed included: knee movement (knee extension and flexion); quadriceps muscle strength; functional assessment (the timed up-and-go test); and assessment of pain, stiffness, and functional capacity using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index and visual analogue scale for pain. Results In total, 160 potentially relevant studies were screened. Following the screening of studies as abstracts and full-text publications, six primary publications (four randomized controlled trials, one non-randomized controlled trial, and one single-arm trial) were included in the review. Patients experienced high levels of satisfaction with the use of telerehabilitation alone. There was no significant difference in change in active knee extension and flexion in the home telerehabilitation group as compared to the control group (mean difference (MD) −0.52, 95% CI −1.39 to 0.35, p = 0.24 and MD 1.14, 95% CI −0.61 to 2.89, p = 0.20, respectively). The patients in the home telerehabilitation group showed improvement in physical activity and functional status similar to patients in the conventional therapy group. Discussion The evidence from this systematic literature review demonstrated that telerehabilitation is a practical alternative to conventional face-to-face rehabilitation therapy in patients who underwent TKA.

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