scholarly journals Fiscal Policy and the Performance of Private Sector in Nigeria (1990-2019): A Vector Error Correction Investigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-103
Author(s):  
Andabai Priye Werigbelegha
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Government

The study examines the relationship between fiscal policy and the performance of private sector in Nigeria; for the period 1990-2019. Secondary data are collected from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, 2019. Four variables are employ for this study. These are Private Sector Output as proxy for performance of private sector economy and used as the dependent variable; whereas, the explanatory variables include Tax, Recurrent Expenditure and Capital Expenditure. Hypotheses are formulated and tested using time series econometric models. The result confirms that about 68% short-run adjustment speed from long-run disequilibrium. The study shows a significant relationship between capital expenditure and private sector output in Nigeria. Taxation has a significant relationship with private sector output in Nigeria. Recurrent expenditure has a significant relationship with private sector output in Nigeria. The coefficient of determination indicates that about 62% of the variations in economic growth can be explain by changes in fiscal policy variables in Nigeria. The study concludes that fiscal policy has a significant relationship with the growth and development of Nigerian economy. The study recommends that more resources should be relocated to productive sectors and increasing and sustaining a spending on the productive sectors of the economy. The study suggested that Nigerian government should put a stop to the incessant unproductive foreign borrowing, wasteful spending and uncontrolled money supply. The government should embark on specific policies aimed at achieving increased and sustainable growth and development in the economy.

scholarly journals Social Responsibility Accounting And Profitability Of Dangote Cement PLC Listed in the NSE

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 323-337
Author(s):  
Lyndon M. Etale ◽  
Ayaundu E. Sawyerr
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Healthcare Cost ◽  
Staff Training ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Training And Development ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Response Variable ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Responsibility Accounting

This study examined the relationship between social responsibility accounting and profitability using Dangote Cement PLC (DCP) as a case study. The study adopted staff training and development, staff welfare and healthcare cost, and staff pension and gratuity as proxy for social responsibility accounting (the explanatory variables), while profit after tax representing profitability was adopted as the response variable. Secondary data was collected from the annual financial statements of DCP for the period 2010 to 2018. The study employed descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis based on the E-view 10 software for data analysis. The results revealed that staff training and development, and staff welfare and healthcare cost had significant positive relationship with profit after tax, while staff pension and gratuity had an insignificant negative link with profit after tax. The coefficient of determination (R-squared) value of 0.99 indicated that 99% of changes in the response variable are accounted for by the combined effect of changes in the explanatory variables; and results are statistically significant with a probability of F-statistic value of 0.000000 (at 5% level of significance).  Also, the adjusted R- squared value of 0.99 indicated that the model used for the analysis is a proper and good fit. The study concluded that social responsibility accounting is significantly related to profitability. Based on the findings of this study it is recommended that the management of DCP should continue with the social responsibility accounting practices for its good social image as this would guarantee the long run sustainable growth of the company.

scholarly journals Predicting Budget Revenues of the Republic of Congo: Multiple Linear Regression Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Itoba Ongagna Ipaka Safnat Kaito
Keyword(s):  
Planning Process ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Oil Markets ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

Alongside political, legal and financial suggestions, prognosticating as part of a state's budget planning process endures a substantial element. An act that furnishes for and authorizing what the State hopes to recover as earnings along with what it intends to bear as expenditure for a calendar year and, however, which may be subject to revision during its implementation in reaction to the current economic situation; the state budget remains tactic for the extant, quality, functioning and organization of its Administration. As an oil-producing country, the Republic of Congo, which must, among other things, have the financial means to meet these ambitions, does not escape, like other countries selling hydrocarbons, the preponderance of revenues from this sector in its budget forecasts. In view of the unpredictability of international oil markets on which government revenues are largely dependent, the use of artificial intelligence would disclose ornaments in data volumes and model interdependent systems to generate outcomes synonymous with enhanced decision-making efficiency and value for money. In this article, we will have to use Machine Learning to create the prediction model using secondary data from international organizations and official annals of the Government of the Republic of Congo, that is, the annual price of a barrel of oil and the budget foresees of state incomes and expenditures entered in various initial and altering finance laws between the years 1980-2019. This representation is based on the multiple linear retrogression algorithms that will ascertain the linear relationship between a dependent variable and independent or explanatory variables. This will also concede us to approximate the foretell of the value “state revenues” from the values “oil prices” and “state expenses”. As a result of the evaluation, the coefficient of determination (R2) of the performance of the dummy based on the test data is 99%. Finally, the stereotype will be practiced on a web interface granting users to enter the new independent data and then click a button to illustrate the result of the predictions of the dependent value.

Human Capital Impact on Economic Growth in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Chuwuemeka Ogugua AGBO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Tertiary Institutions ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

This study aims to examine the impact of human capital on economic growth in Nigeria. Despite all effort to improve education condition in Nigeria, there hasn’t been much encouraging improvement. This has caused a large number of the population to move abroad for studies. Most conducive tertiary institutions are owned by private individuals, the government owned universities have been overlooked and recklessly abandoned. In this study OLS multiple regression was adopted to analyze the time series data for the period of 1985-2018 to test if Average Year of Schooling (AVYS), Private Investment in Telecommunication (PIT), Capital Expenditure on Education (CEE), and Recurrent Expenditure on Education (REE) have an impact on growth in Nigeria or not. The data was derived from CBN statistical Bulletin (2018). Result showed that all the four explanatory variables have significant impact on Economic growth. However, it is therefore important for government to increase education budget annually.

Model Penguatan Subak di Era New Normal: Analisis Peran Collective Action pada Penerapan Sistem Terintegrasi Itik Padi di Tabanan-Bali

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Nyoman Utari Vipriyanti ◽  
Dewa Ayu Puspawati ◽  
Putu Lasmi Yulianthi Sapanca ◽  
Made Emy Handayani Citra
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
New Normal ◽  
The Government

The Covid 19 pandemic has brought significant changes to the economy of Bali as a domestic and foreign tourist destination. The tourism sector, as the main contributor to the largest contributor to Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), experienced a contraction, which had an impact on other sectors. One of the sectors affected in the agricultural sector, especially the marketing of food products. In the new normal era in Bali, it is necessary to strengthen the rural economy through the application of technology but the process of implementing these innovations is not always successful. The success of collective action is determined by the rational boundaries of society. The rational boundaries of society can be expanded by the presence of symmetrical information. The research objective was to analyze the role of collective action on the application of the Integrated System of Rice Ducks as an effort to increase farmers' income. This research is a case study in Subak Lanyah, Tabanan Sub District, Tabanan-Bali District. Primary data were collected through direct observation and questionnaires while secondary data were collected through literature studies. Analysis of the role of collective action in the application of the integrated system of rice ducks (STIP) was carried out statistically descriptive of farm costs and farmer income. The results showed that the STIP innovation as an effort to increase farmers' income was successfully implemented through Collective action. The collective action mechanism plays a role in strengthening social capital which encourages the application of STIP technology so that the income of Subak member farmers in Subak Lanyah, Tabanan-Bali increases. The success in implementing STIP technology is done by building a process of communication, trust, and networks of farmers with the government, private sector, and universities.of communication, trust, and networks of farmers with the government, private sector, and universities.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF VAT INCENTIVES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF EPZ FIRMS IN KENYA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Dr. John Kuria
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Inferential Statistics ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
The Government

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of VAT Incentive on the performance of EPZ firms in Kenya.Methodology: This research used correlation research design. Sample size of all the 86 registered EPZs firms was used in this study. Primary data was obtained using questionnaires. Secondary data from the registered firms was collected on; ROA, number and value of jobs and the length of stay of the firms. The study used both descriptive and inferential statistics to conduct data analysis.Results: The results of study revealed that at 5% significance level, VAT incentives had a positive and significant relationship with performance of EPZ firms measured using ROA. The results further revealed that at 5% significance level, VAT incentives were found to have positive and significant relationship with performance of EPZ firms measured using the number of total jobs created in Kenya. The results also revealed that at 5% significance level, VAT incentives were found to have positive and significant relationship with performance of EPZ firms measured using the number of years in operationUnique contribution to theory, practice and policy Based on the study findings, it was recommended that the government should reconsider its VAT policy by encouraging more VAT rebates to firms in order to boost their productivity and increase the volume of exports. The study also recommends that the government should introduce a strong monitoring unit to oversee the administration of tax incentives. Government should equally pay attention to the issue of security and infrastructure which are basic in order to maximize the benefits of tax incentives.

scholarly journals NRLM Programme: Progress Of Women Entrepreneurs With Special Reference To Varanasi District

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Khan
Keyword(s):  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
The Third ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Rural Livelihood ◽  
The Government ◽  
Self Help Groups ◽  
Women In India

A lot of research has been carried out and are being carried out for the growth and development of women in India. In light of this, the present research paper tries to study the progress of the Women Self Help Groups (WSHGs) under National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) in Varanasi district. This research paper has been divided into seven sections: the first section outlays the introduction. The second section deals with the brief literature review. The third section explains the detailed research methodology adopted to carry out the study and deals with the objective of the research paper which is to study the progress of women entrepreneurs under NRLM in Varanasi. The study is descriptive in nature and purely based on secondary data obtained from DRDA of Varanasi, which examine the progress of the WSHGs under NRLM programme of the government in Varanasi. The fourth section presents the findings of the research attempted for the study. The fifth section deals with the concluding remarks and would enlighten us to understand the reality of the initiative. The sixth section and seventh section tries to highlights the recommendations/suggestions and limitations of the study respectively.

scholarly journals A Reflection on the Implementation of Second National Fadama Development Project in Kaduna and Katsina States of Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Adam Adem Anyebe ◽  
Ibrahim Kurfi Mudi
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Selection Of

This study attempts to reflect on the implementation of the Second National Fadama Project in Kaduna and Katsina states of Nigeria with a view to assessing whether the project implementation has been effective in reducing poverty among the participating communities. It was therefore, hypothesized that there is no significant relationship between the Community-Driven Development Strategy and effective implementation of Fadama II project in the area of access to rural financial services and poverty reduction in the host communities. The primary data were obtained through the use of questionnaire and personal interview while secondary data were sourced from books, journals, unpublished materials and internet. The study showed that there is a significant relationship between Community-Driven Development and effective implementation of the project in the host communities. The research recommended that to enhance the success of future projects, the government should not interfere with the activities of such projects, especially in the selection of members of such associations and government should provide loan facilities to the beneficiaries in order to boost their assets acquisition capacity.

F. ANALISIS PENGARUH PAD DAN DAK TERHADAP BELANJA MODAL PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR TAHUN 2010-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Putri Indah Sari ◽  
Dr. Ignatia Martha Hendrati, S.E., M.E. ◽  
Kiki Asmara,S.E.,MM
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Capital Expenditures ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstrak Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2004 tentang Otonomi daerah atau Desentralisasi menjelaskan bahwa kewajiban pemerintah daerah dalam mengendalikan daerahnya sesuai dengan aturan dan undang-undang yang berlaku. Pengalokasian Anggaran Belanja Modal didasarkan pada kebutuhan sarana dan prasarana daerah, anggaran Belanja Modal sebaiknya dialokasikan untuk hal-hal yang produktif. Sehingga, pemerintah daerah harus mampu mengalokasikan anggaran belanja modal dengan benar karena hal itu merupakan salah satu langkah pemerintah daerah dalam meningkatkan pelayanan publik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh dari Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD)  dan Dana Alokasi Khusus (DAK) terhadap Belanja Modal Provinsi Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data time series Tahun 2015-2019 di Provinsi Jawa Timur. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Direktorat Jenderal Perimbangan Keuangan Republik Indonesia. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Analisis Regresi linier berganda, Uji koefisien Determinasi (R2), Uji-t dan Uji F dengan bantuan software SPSS. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pendapatan Asli Daerah dan Dana Alokasi Khusus secara (simultan) mempunyai pengaruh signifikan terhadap Belanja Modal di Provinsi Jawa Timur Tahun 2010-2019. Secara parsial 1) Pendapatan Asli Daerah berpengaruh positif terhadap Belanja Modal Provinsi Jawa Timur Tahun 2010-2019. 2) Dana Alokasi Khusus berpengaruh positif  variabel PAD berpengaruh positif terhadap Belanja Modal Provinsi Jawa Timur Tahun 2010-2019.   Kata kunci : Belanja Modal, PAD, dan DAK. Abstract Law Number 32 of 2004 concerning Regional Autonomy or Decentralization explains that the obligation of local governments to control their regions is in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations. The allocation of the Capital Expenditure Budget is based on the needs of regional facilities and infrastructure, the capital expenditure budget should be allocated for productive things. Thus, local governments must be able to allocate the capital expenditure budget properly because this is one of the steps of the local government in improving public services. This study aims to examine the effect of Regional Original Income (PAD) and Special Allocation Funds (DAK) on the Capital Expenditure of East Java Province. This study uses time series data analysis 2015-2019 in East Java Province. The data used is secondary data obtained from the Directorate General of Fiscal Balance of the Republic of Indonesia. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression analysis, coefficient of determination (R2), t-test and F test with the help of SPSS software. The results of the study indicate that the Regional Original Income and the Special Allocation Funds (simultaneously) have a significant effect on capital expenditure in East Java Province in 2010-2019. Partially 1) Local Own Revenue has a positive effect on the Capital Expenditures of East Java Province in 2010-2019. 2) The Special Allocation Fund has a positive effect, the PAD variable has a positive effect on the Capital Expenditure of East Java Province in 2010-2019. Keywords: Capital Expenditures, PAD, and DAK

scholarly journals Financing MSMEs Green Growth, Resource Efficiency and Cleaner Production in East Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Mangitia Ongechi ◽  
Nebert Ombajo Mandala
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Resource Efficiency ◽  
Cleaner Production ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Green Growth ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
The Government

Resource efficiency, including cleaner production and energy efficiency (CP/EE), play an important role in supporting Africa’s sustainable growth in the future. Since the 1990s both the governments and development agencies in Africa have promoted such strategies to help firms reduce their negative environmental impact while enhancing their economic performance. The main objective of this study was first to explore opportunities and constraints for the commercial financing of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) for resource efficiency and cleaner production (RECP) projects in East Africa (EA), and to develop a sustainable financial scheme for firm-level RECP programs; secondly, to interrogate financing opportunities for RECP advisory services allowing for the growth of the RECP agenda and providing the opportunity to make RECP programs self-sustaining; and thirdly, to increase the use of, and investment in RECP technologies by Enterprises (Industries and MSMEs) in EA. A survey was undertaken across EA and stratified sampling was used to ensure all the partner states were included in the sample. A mixed method approach was used where both primary and secondary data were collected. The sample size comprised of 36 financial institutions and 42 enterprises across the EA region. Key respondents across the industries were interviewed, and a semi–structured questionnaire was used. Quantitative data was analysed by descriptive analysis using SPSS and presented in form of frequency tables. Content analysis was used for the qualitative data and then presented in prose. A hybrid kind of scheme(s) was developed. The study recommends a guarantee scheme whereby the government and or development partners provide guarantee to commercial banks at 50% and the enterprises would be required to raise 50% collateral to unlock funding to enterprises. However, most MSMEs indicated the lack of capacity to raise the 50% collateral hence the study proposes a revolving fund supported by the development funds to set aside a kitty to cater for this category of enterprises. Additionally, a rigorous process has been put in place to implement these two models of financing. Through the study formulation of managerial policy and practice that promote better RECP practices and green growth will be operationalized.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH, DANA PERIMBANGAN DAN BELANJA PEGAWAI TERHADAP BELANJA MODAL (Studi Empiris pada Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur)

Analisis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-67
Author(s):  
Ardiani Ika Sulistyawati ◽  
Nugrah Septiyani Purwanti
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Capital Expenditures ◽  
Government Budget ◽  
City Governments

This study aims to analyze the influence of the variables of Local Own Revenue, General Allocation Funds, Special Allocation Funds, Profit Sharing Funds and Employee Expenditures on Capital Expenditures at Regency / City Governments in East Nusa Tenggara Province 2015-2018 partially and simultaneously. The population in this study were 22 regencies / municipalities in East Nusa Tenggara Province during the 2015-2018 period. This study uses secondary data in the form of the East Nusa Tenggara Provincial Government Budget Realization Report. Hypothesis testing in this study using multiple linear regression with t test, F test and coefficient of determination. The data that has been collected is analyzed first with a classical assumption test before testing the hypothesis. The results of the study partially show that the variables of Local Own Revenue and Special Allocation Funds have a significant effect on Capital Expenditures, while the variables of General Allocation Funds, Profit Sharing Funds and Employee Expenditures have no significant effect on Capital Expenditures. The results of the research simultaneously show that the variables of Local Own Revenue, General Allocation Fund, Special Allocation Fund, Profit Sharing Fund and Employee Expenditure have an effect on capital expenditure.

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