Analysis of the technical system of the process production of multicomponent food products

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
Татьяна Викторовна Шевченко ◽  
Юлия Владиславовна Устинова ◽  
Константин Борисович Плотников ◽  
Анатолий Михайлович Попов
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Granulation Process ◽  
Functional Quality ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Right ◽  
Technology Of Production ◽  
Positive Effect

Фрукты служат источником энергии, витаминов, минералов и пищевых волокон. В целом, фруктовые батончики имеют гораздо большую питательную ценность, чем свежие фрукты, потому что все питательные вещества сконцентрированы и, следовательно, будут представлять собой ассортимент полуфабрикатов, чтобы извлечь выгоду из пользы фруктов для здоровья. Потребители предпочитают фруктовые батончики, которые имеют более насыщенный вкус, за которыми следуют надлежащие текстурные особенности, которые могут быть получены путем установления равновесия ингредиентов, правильного выбора этапов производства и контроля конечного продукта. Кроме того, фруктовые батончики также являются важными источниками углеводов и минералов. Учитывая широкий спектр биологически активных факторов в свежих фруктах, которые сохраняются во фруктовых батончиках, вполне вероятно, что их потребление оказывает положительное влияние на снижение риска многих заболеваний. Представлены результаты исследований оценки качества снековых плодово-ягодных батончиков, который включает отбор проб, оценку органолептических, физико-химических, функциональных показателей качества и безопасности. Результаты исследований потребительских свойств плодово-ягодных батончиков проводили в соответствии с разработанным алгоритмом. Показатели качества соответствуют добавкам, вносимым в рецептуру батончиков. Технология производства снековых плодово-ягодных батончиков состоит из пяти взаимосвязанных этапов, для каждого из которых подобрано оборудование. Для усовершенствования технологии производства снековых плодово-ягодных батончиков в работе предложена новая конструкция барабанного виброгранулятора. В результате работы барабанного виброгранулятора образуются структуры разных размеров за счет агломерирования частиц, которые обладают разной потенциальной энергией. Находящиеся в зоне перераспределения частиц по размерам частицы больших размеров поднимаются на поверхность образовавшегося слоя. Частицы при перемещении из центрального слоя к поверхности соударяются с другими частицами. С целью разработки мехатронного модуля в работе выявлена зависимость энергозатрат на проведение процесса гранулирования от режимных параметров. Затраты энергии на механическую работу установки происходит за счет разностей показателей ваттметров на холостом ходу и в рабочем режиме. Fruits are a source of energy, vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber. In general, fruit bars have much more nutritional value than fresh fruit, because all the nutrients are concentrated and, therefore, will be an assortment of semi-finished products to benefit from the health benefits of fruit. Consumers prefer fruit bars that have a richer taste, followed by proper textural features that can be obtained by establishing the balance of ingredients, choosing the right stages of production and controlling the final product. In addition, fruit bars are also important sources of carbohydrates and minerals. Given the wide range of biologically active factors in fresh fruits that are preserved in fruit bars, it is likely that their consumption has a positive effect on reducing the risk of many diseases. The results of studies on the quality assessment of snack fruit and berry bars, which includes sampling, evaluation of organoleptic, physico-chemical, functional quality and safety indicators, are presented. The results of studies of consumer properties of fruit and berry bars were carried out in accordance with the developed algorithm. The quality indicators correspond to the additives added to the recipe of the bars. The technology of production of snack fruit and berry bars consists of five interrelated stages, for each of which the equipment is selected. To improve the production technology of snack fruit and berry bars, a new design of a drum vibrating granulator is proposed in the work. As a result of the operation of the drum vibrating granulator, structures of different sizes are formed due to the agglomeration of particles that have different potential energy. Large particles located in the particle size redistribution zone rise to the surface of the formed layer. When moving from the central layer to the surface, the particles collide with other particles. In order to develop a mechatronic module, the dependence of the energy consumption for the granulation process on the operating parameters was revealed. The energy consumption for the mechanical operation of the installation is due to the differences in the indicators of the wattmeters at idle and in operating mode.

scholarly journals Preparation of polyclonal and monoclonal anti-idiotypic antibodies against morphine-specific immunoglobulins

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-196
Author(s):  
A. V. Trofimov ◽  
V. A. Atanesyan ◽  
A. M. Ischenko ◽  
E. A. Karabanova ◽  
A. Ya. Rak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Animal Blood ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Antigenic Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Secondary Antibodies ◽  
Mouse Myeloma

The preparation and study of anti-idiotypic (secondary) antibodies (Ab2) against monoclonal primary antibodies (Ab1) specific to biologically active molecules with a known structure is of great scientific and practical importance. Due to partial antigenic similarity of Ab2 and the initial antigen structures, these antibodies can be the basis of the vaccine, if the antigen usage is not possible, or is limited by law. In particular, one may create Ab2-based preparations, designed for immunization, in order to prevent and treat the drug addiction. The value of Ab2 properties increases even more if Ab1, used to obtain them, recognize different parts of the antigen molecule, which makes it possible to obtain second-generation antibodies with a wide range of specificity. In this work, the morphine-like polyclonal and monoclonal Ab2 were obtained. In each case, as the first-generation immunoglobulins for immunization, we used two murine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific to different morphine derivatives: 3K11 antibodies to 3-0-carboxymethyl (CMM) and 2-p-carboxyphenylazomethyl (FAM) derivatives, as well as 6G1 antibodies to 6-hemisuccinyl derivative (GSM). After immunization of the horse with Ab1 and development of immune response, three pools of specific polyclonal antibodies were isolated from the animal blood serum: horse anti-species antibodies to the total mouse immunoglobulins (HAM); horse anti-idiotypic antibodies against 3K11 antibodies (HAM-K11), and against 6G1 antibodies (HAM-G1). In parallel, immunization of mice with 3K11 and 6G1 antibodies and fusion of obtained lymphocytes with Sp2/0 mouse myeloma cells by the Milstein-Köhler method resulted in three producers of anti-idiotypic antibodies: a clone producing mouse monoclonal Ab2 specific for mAb-6G1 (AIG1), as well as clones producing anti-mAb-3K11 antibodies (AI-K11A and AI-K11B). The physico-chemical and antigenic properties of all the Ab2 obtained were characterized. It was shown that the horse anti-idiotypic immunoglobulins not only belong to different classes, but are also polyvalent, while all monoclonal Ab2 obtained are represented by IgM immunoglobulins, being also strictly specific to the corresponding first-generation antibodies. Subsequently, the morphine-like properties of the first domestic polyclonal and monoclonal Ab2 obtained in the work will be investigated in a cellular model. Likewise, we shall study their ability to induce Ab3 as well as morphine-specific Ab1.

Green Chemistry Approaches to the Synthesis of Coumarin Derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Molnar ◽  
Melita Lončarić ◽  
Marija Kovač
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Green Chemistry ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Specific Class ◽  
Coumarin Derivatives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Coumarin Synthesis

This review is a compilation of the green synthetic methods used in the synthesis of coumarin derivatives. Coumarins are a class of compounds with a pronounced wide range of biological activities, which have found their application in medicine, pharmacology, cosmetics and food industry. Their biological activity and potential application are highly dependent on their structure. Therefore, many researchers have been performing the synthesis of coumarin derivatives on a daily basis. High demands for their synthesis often result in an increased generation of different waste chemicals. In order to minimize the utilization and generation of toxic organic substances, green synthetic methods are applied in this manner. These methods are getting more attention in the last few decades. Green chemistry methods cover a wide range of methods, including the application of ultrasound and microwaves, ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents, solvent-free synthesis, mechanosynthesis and multicomponent reactions. All typical condensation reactions for coumarin synthesis like Knoevenagel, Perkin, Kostanecki-Robinson, Pechmann and Reformansky reactions, have been successfully performed using these green synthetic methods. According to the authors mentioned in this review, not only these methods reduce the utilization and generation of toxic chemicals, but they can also enhance the reaction performance in terms of product yields, purity, energy consumption and post-synthetic procedures when compared to the conventional methods. Due to the significance of coumarins as biologically active systems and the recent demands of reducing toxic solvents, catalysts and energy consumption, this review provides a first full literature overview on the application of green synthetic methods in the coumarin synthesis. It covers a literature search over the period from 1995-2019. The importance of this work is its comprehensive literature survey on a specific class of heterocyclic compounds, and those researchers working on the coumarin synthesis can find very useful information on the green synthetic approaches to their synthesis. There are some reviews on the coumarin synthesis, but most of them cover only specific reactions on coumarin synthesis and none of them the whole range of green chemistry methods.

scholarly journals Synthesis and biological activity of Hepta-O-acetyl-1-O- (2-chloro-3-phenyl thio propyl)-β-D-maltose

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lali Tabatadze ◽  
Neli Sidamonidze ◽  
Darejan Gulbani ◽  
Darejan Iremashvili
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Pharmaceutical Chemistry ◽  
Chemical Research ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Bactericidal Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Relationship

Carbohydrate derivatives are distinguished with wide range of biological activity which is proven by successful usage of preparations made of Carbohydrate based in different branches of pharmaceutical chemistry. As a result of research of Carbohydrate compounde, the relationship between unique structure and its chemical and biological properties has been studied. Input of bulk liphophilic adamantine moiety in the proved medications or biologically active molecule in most cases is improved molecule’s biological characteristic, drug’s lipopilycity and prolonged actin is enhanced, and at the same time toxicity and side negative effects is reduced.We studied the reactions of acetylaryl glycosides with phenylsulfonyl chloride in the presence of a benzoyl peroxide catalyst. A new sulfur-containing glucoside was synthesized: Hepta-O-acetyl-1-O-(2-chloro-3-phenyl thio propyl)-β-D-maltose. The bactericidal properties of β-O-(2-chloro-3-phenyl thio propyl)-D-maltose of the obtained product after deacetylation were studied. With the help of the com­­pu­ter program PASS (Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substance) onlaines were able to predict the range of activity of substances. The obtained result established correlations on bactericidal properties between biological activity and the intended biological activity. The structure of the synthesized compounds was determined by physico-chemical research methods.

Dependence of field germination and survival of chamomile plants on vegetation and agro-technical factors

2020 ◽  
pp. 128-136
Author(s):  
T. Padalko
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Plant Survival ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Right

The purpose of the research was to study the essence of ensuring high germination of seeds and survival of chamomile plants depending on the variety, seeding rate and sowing time in the Right-bank Forest Steppe. Chamomile plants have been found to be signifi cantly responsive to the soil and climatic conditions of the region, which has led to uneven seedlings, so it is important to investigate agrotechnological techniques aimed at increasing of seed germination energy and simultaneity of sprouts. The agrobiological features of medicinal plants cultivation in the conditions of the RightBank Forest Steppe, in particular, of chamomile (Matricaria recutita), which is most used in offi cial and folk medicine among medicinal plants due to the presence of various biologically active substances in it, were investigated. The study was conducted with samples of chamomile plants in the area of the Right-bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine (field of study (IE Prudyvus), a branch of the department of Podilsky State Agrarian and Technical University), taking into account all the requirements of the methodology of the research case. The following results were obtained: the period of vegetation of chamomile was mainly dependent on the sowing time, the duration ranged from 83 to 240 days; fi eld germination of chamomile plants in the average for 2017‒2019 was in the range of 71‒89 %; the maximum rate of plant survival at the end of the growing season was 93 %, which was obtained on the variant of autumn sowing with a sowing rate of 6 kg/ha in the Perlyna of the Forest-steppe, the minimum indicator was noted 72 % for the summer sowing with a sowing rate of 8 kg/ha in the Bodegold variety; the germination and survival rate exceeded the control by 10‒13 %. Today, this crop is quite widespread and is cultivated independently of the fi rst established cultivation areas and existing research stations of medicinal plants, and in particular, as a culture of a wide range of use of raw materials both in Ukraine and abroad. Key words: chamomile, variety, seeding rate, sowing period, fi eld germination, plant survival, vegetation factors.

scholarly journals Technology of production of blended fruit and berry wines

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
N. E. Nazarova ◽  
T. V. Zaletova ◽  
E. V. Zubova ◽  
K. A. Kulagina
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Wine Industry ◽  
Consumer Market ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Mountain Ash ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Technology Of Production

Fruits and berries contain a large number of biologically active compounds: vitamins, minerals, organic acids. Wines made from fruit and berry raw materials are not inferior to grape ones in biological value, and sometimes even surpass them. Currently, significant volumes of fruit wines are imported into the Russian consumer market from other countries. The production of fruit and berry wines is mainly limited to the European part of Russia, which negatively affects the pricing of drinks in other regions. In this regard, the development of the wine industry may be the production of blending fruit and berry wines, which will provide the population with quality products made from local fruit and berry raw materials at affordable prices. The production technology and research results of the obtained samples of fruit and berry blend wines from the fruits of Sunberry and mountain ash, wild strawberries with different sugar content in the recipe are presented. Samples of fruit blending wines were prepared according to classical technology. Physico-chemical quality indicators of the studied wine samples were determined in the interdepartmental educational and analytical laboratory of the Nizhny Novgorod State Agricultural Academy. According to the results of evaluating the organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters of the developed samples of fruit wines, sample No. 3 turned out to be the best, as it had a pronounced harmonious aroma, pleasant taste, had the highest content of vitamin C and dry substances, and scored the most points. According to the results of a scoring of the organoleptic quality indicators of the studied samples of blending fruit wines, the least points were observed for sample No. 1 (5.25 points). In connection with the detection by all tasters of deviations from the norm.

scholarly journals pplication of Beekeeping Products, their Standardized Substances and Apipreparations in Medicine, Pharmacy and Cosmetology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Spichak
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bee Venom ◽  
Hydrophobic Drug ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pharmaceutical Manufacture ◽  
Natural Medicines ◽  
Technology Of Production

The monograph covers issues related to the use of bee products and their standardized substances in medicine, pharmacy and cosmetology. The publication describes the products of beekeeping, in particular (honey, propolis, flower pollen (bee pollen), bee venom, perga) as natural raw materials for production based on them in industrial conditions and in the conditions of pharmaceutical manufacture of pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. in order to provide the population with effective domestic natural medicines as an alternative method of treatment of various diseases. Characteristics, chemical composition and features of use of biologically active standardized substances on the basis of beekeeping products developed in Ukraine are presented: propolis phenolic hydrophobic drug, aqueous extract of propolis, honey, powdered honey, liphophilic extract of bee stalk, fermentation, substances of bee venom, perga, big bee larva biomass. The technology of production of extemporaneous medicinal apipreparations of different direction of action in the conditions of pharmacies is given. The publication is intended for a wide range of specialists of pharmacies in Ukraine, scientists and practitioners of pharmacy, medicine, apitherapy, beekeeping and cosmetology.

BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF CREATING FUNCTIONAL DAIRY PRODUCT ENRICHED WITH THE EXTRACT OF SCUTELLARIA GALERICULATA L.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.V. Belashova ◽  
◽  
A.V. Zaushintsena ◽  
N.V. Fotina
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Product ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Scutellaria Baicalensis Georgi ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Functional Product ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Active Substances

One of the ways to eliminate population diseases and increase the body is resistance to adverse environmental factors is the systematic use of functional food products enriched with a complex of biologically active substances with a wide range of therapeutic effects. The creation of a new, unique functional dairy product was preceded by long-term comparative biochemical studies of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Scutellaria galericulata L. In the grass and roots, biologically active substances of a phenolic nature, such as baicalin, vogonin, scutellarin, etc., were found useful for medicinal purposes. The use of extracts from the of Scutellaria galericulata L. in the development of a functional product based on sour-milk fractions made it possible to obtain curd mass enriched with the biologically active substance of this plant. The functional product meets the organoleptic, physico-chemical, tasting requirements for new functional products and is recommended for introduction into the diet of different population groups by age and functional activity.

Evaluation of 99mTc-Label led Vitamin K4 as an Agent for Testicular Imaging

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (01) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Durak ◽  
M. Kitapgi ◽  
B. E. Caner ◽  
R. Senekowitsch ◽  
M. T. Ercan
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Left Testis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Activity Ratios ◽  
The Right ◽  
Radioactivity Levels

Vitamin K4 was labelled with 99mTc with an efficiency higher than 97%. The compound was stable up to 24 h at room temperature, and its biodistribution in NMRI mice indicated its in vivo stability. Blood radioactivity levels were high over a wide range. 10% of the injected activity remained in blood after 24 h. Excretion was mostly via kidneys. Only the liver and kidneys concentrated appreciable amounts of radioactivity. Testis/soft tissue ratios were 1.4 and 1.57 at 6 and 24 h, respectively. Testis/blood ratios were lower than 1. In vitro studies with mouse blood indicated that 33.9 ±9.6% of the radioactivity was associated with RBCs; it was washed out almost completely with saline. Protein binding was 28.7 ±6.3% as determined by TCA precipitation. Blood clearance of 99mTc-l<4 in normal subjects showed a slow decrease of radioactivity, reaching a plateau after 16 h at 20% of the injected activity. In scintigraphic images in men the testes could be well visualized. The right/left testis ratio was 1.08 ±0.13. Testis/soft tissue and testis/blood activity ratios were highest at 3 h. These ratios were higher than those obtained with pertechnetate at 20 min post injection.99mTc-l<4 appears to be a promising radiopharmaceutical for the scintigraphic visualization of testes.

Aspergillus sydowii Strain SCAU066 and Aspergillus versicolor Isolate BAB-6580: Potential Source of Xylanolytic, Cellulolytic and Amylolytic Enzymes

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Zaidah Zainal ariffin
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Enzymes ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Aspergillus Versicolor ◽  
Aspergillus Sydowii ◽  
Aspergillus Tamarii ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Amylolytic Enzymes ◽  
Potato Dextrose Broth ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Fungi is known to produce a wide range of biologically active metabolites and enzymes. Enzymes produced by fungi are utilized in food and pharmaceutical industries because of their rich enzymatic profile. Filamentous fungi are particularly interesting due to their high production of extracellular enzymes which has a large industrial potential. The aim of this study is to isolate potential soil fungi species that are able to produce functional enzymes for industries. Five Aspergillus species were successfully isolated from antibiotic overexposed soil (GPS coordinate of N3.093219 E101.40269) by standard microbiological method. The isolated fungi were identified via morphological observations and molecular tools; polymerase chain reactions, ITS 1 (5’- TCC GTA GGT GAA CCT GCG G3’) forward primer and ITS 4 (5’-TCC TCC GCT TAT TGA TAT GC-3’) reverse primer. The isolated fungi were identified as Aspergillus sydowii strain SCAU066, Aspergillus tamarii isolate TN-7, Aspergillus candidus strain KUFA 0062, Aspergillus versicolor isolate BAB-6580, and Aspergillus protuberus strain KAS 6024. Supernatant obtained via submerged fermentation of the isolated fungi in potato dextrose broth (PDB) and extracted via centrifugation was loaded onto specific media to screen for the production of xylanolytic, cellulolytic and amylolytic enzymes. The present findings indicate that Aspergillus sydowii strain SCAU066 and Aspergillus versicolor isolate BAB-6580 have great potential as an alternative source of xylanolytic, cellulolytic and amylolytic enzymes.

It is better an approximate answer to the right question than the exact answer to the wrong question : the case of the psychometric analysis of the ASQ:SE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Anunciacao ◽  
janet squires ◽  
J. Landeira-Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Exact Answer ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ages And Stages Questionnaire ◽  
The Right

One of the main activities in psychometrics is to analyze the internal structure of a test. Multivariate statistical methods, including Exploratory Factor analysis (EFA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) are frequently used to do this, but the growth of Network Analysis (NA) places this method as a promising candidate. The results obtained by these methods are of valuable interest, as they not only produce evidence to explore if the test is measuring its intended construct, but also to deal with the substantive theory that motivated the test development. However, these different statistical methods come up with different answers, providing the basis for different analytical and theoretical strategies when one needs to choose a solution. In this study, we took advantage of a large volume of published data (n = 22,331) obtained by the Ages and Stages Questionnaire Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE), and formed a subset of 500 children to present and discuss alternative psychometric solutions to its internal structure, and also to its subjacent theory. The analyses were based on a polychoric matrix, the number of factors to retain followed several well-known rules of thumb, and a wide range of exploratory methods was fitted to the data, including EFA, PCA, and NA. The statistical outcomes were divergent, varying from 1 to 6 domains, allowing a flexible interpretation of the results. We argue that the use of statistical methods in the absence of a well-grounded psychological theory has limited applications, despite its appeal. All data and codes are available at https://osf.io/z6gwv/.

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