YIELD OF GREEN MASS OF SUGAR SORGHUM AT DIFFERENT SOWING DATES IN THE FLAT ZONE OF THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN

Research was conducted with the aim of developing technology for the development of fallow lands in the south of Central Siberia. The work was carried out in 2012-2015 on chestnut soil (experiment 1) and southern chernozem (experiment 2) in the Republic of Khakassia. The humus content in the 0 ... 20 cm layer of chestnut soil is 2.67%, N-NO3 is 20.1 ... 22.4 mg/kg, P2O5 and K2O (according to Machigin) are 23.5 and 328 mg/kg, respectively, in southern chernozem - respectively 4.5%, 16.6 ... 19.2, 19.3 and 720 mg/kg. The experimental designs provided for various combinations of mechanical tillage and spraying with herbicides of fallow plots, performed at different times, in the year preceding the sowing of crops. In technologies using herbicides in August, the amount of conditional stubble in spring was 60 pcs/m2 more, and erosion was 1.7 ... 2.5 times lower than in versions with flat cutting. The dumping of chestnut soil increases the yield of green mass of oats, compared with flat-cut, by 2.5 t/ha (24.5%), corn - by 4.0 t/ha (31.2%). In the southern chernozem, the technology with plowing ensured the formation of 5.7 t/ha of green mass of oats, which is 0.5 t/ha (8.8%) more than during flat cutting. In general, in the steppe zone of Central Siberia, the use of plowing in the technology for the development of fallow lands increases their productivity, while the greatest protection of the soil from erosion is provided by replacing its mechanical treatment in August with spraying with herbicides

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CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FEEDS DEPENDING ON BASIC SOIL TILLAGE METHODS AND NUTRITION BACKGROUND

Vestnik of Kazan state agrarin university ◽

10.12737/2073-0462-2020-32-37 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 32-37

Author(s):

Vyacheslav Medvedev ◽

Vladimir Fomin ◽

Makarim Nafikov ◽

Aydar Nigmatzyanov

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Nitrogen Content ◽

Active Substance ◽

Soil Tillage ◽

Experimental Plot ◽

Anhydrous Ammonia ◽

Green Mass ◽

Phosphorus Fertilizers ◽

The Republic ◽

Tillage Methods

In 2014–2016 in Zakame of the Republic of Tatarstan, a study was conducted to increase the productivity of corn (Mashuk 250 hybrid) for silage using various fertilizer systems (without fertilizers – control, NPK at 40 t/ha of green mass, PK - background, background + N40, background + N60 , background + N80, background + N100, background + N120) and tillage methods (plowing - control, tillage cultivation). The availability of phosphorus in the soil of the experimental plot was sufficient for the formation of the planned yield, therefore, phosphorus fertilizers were not added. The nitrogen content in the green mass of corn for plowing was 3.03 ... 3.85%, phosphorus - 0.45 ... 0.71%, potassium - 1.71 ... 1.98%, for non-dump processing, respectively - 3.01 ... 3, 83; 0.43 ... 0.69 and 1.69 ... 1.97%. Against an unfertilized background, the nitrogen content in the green mass of corn for plowing was equal to 3.03%, with the introduction of NK under the yield of 40 t/ha - 3.41%, K - 3.14%. In the variant with the use of anhydrous ammonia at a dose of 40 kg of active substance/ha against a background of potash fertilizers, the amount of nitrogen in the green mass was 3.34%, 60 kg - 3.41%, 80 kg - 3.43%, 100 kg - 3.76% and 120 kg - 3.85% (0.82% higher than unfertilized background). The maximum NPK removal in the experiment was observed by plowing in the background + N120 variant (1183; 218; 608 kg/ha, respectively), background + N100 (1114; 207; 584 kg/ha) and when fertilizing with a yield of 40 t/ha of green mass (1051; 206; 598 kg/ha). With subsurface processing, the take-off decreased, but the distribution of the first variants of this indi

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Variety and its quality in energy-saving tomato production technology

Agrarian Bulletin of the ◽

10.32417/1997-4868-2020-201-10-16-21 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 201 (10) ◽

pp. 16-21

Author(s):

N. Velizhanov

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Research ◽

Evaluation Criteria ◽

Tomato Production ◽

The Republic ◽

Dietary Value ◽

High Yields ◽

The Cost ◽

Flat Zone

Abstract. In the 21st century, the share of the variety in the formation of the size and quality of the crop will increase from 20-40 to 70 % or more. It is obvious that the role of the variety increases significantly not only in increasing productive, but also medium-improving functions of agrophytocenosis, including soil-improving, phytosanitary, bioenergy, design – aesthetic, etc. A lot of attention is paid to the appearance, texture, taste properties of fruits, which increase their dietary value and overall attractiveness to buyers. Methods. The research was carried out at the experimental site of the Federal Agricultural Research Center of the Republic of Dagestan in 2017–2019. In production conditions, 12 widely used varieties of tomato have been tested in the seedling culture in recent years. The samples were studied using the ACIRO methodology and the State Crop Testing Methodology. Results. Promising varieties with high adaptability and stability in extreme conditions of the flat zone of the republic have been revealed. We have established morpho-anatomical and physiological changes in varieties of stamp forms, which determine their reduced, compared to the unstamable forms of resistance to drought, which significantly inhibit production processes in dry years. The most economic was the cultivation of varieties with high yields of standard fruits - Mariana, Mirage, F1 Andromeda. The cultivation of the Hussar variety cost 1.6 times more than F1 Andromeda. The cost of obtaining 1t standard harvest for other varieties was significantly higher. Scientific novelty is to study the sign of a reduction in the duration of the growing season in the combination of the size and yield of fruits on the biochemical composition, taste and technological, which is overcoming negative bonds, or to achieve a compromise combination. In the process of creating new ones and testing them, these evaluation criteria should be decisive.

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ACOMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE CONDITION OF THE LEGUMES ON THE NATURAL AND SEEDED FODDER AREAS OF THE REPUBLIC OF ALTAI

Innovations and Food Safety ◽

10.31677/2072-6724-2021-32-2-46-59 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 46-59

Author(s):

S. Ya. Syeva ◽

N. A. Karnaukhova ◽

G. K. Zvereva ◽

E. P. Khramova ◽

M. V. Bugaeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Farm Animals ◽

Cultivated Plants ◽

Anthropogenic Factors ◽

Altai Mountains ◽

Environmental Testing ◽

Green Mass ◽

Wide Range ◽

The Republic ◽

Green Mass Yield

The flora of the Altai Mountains is characterized by a rich variety of representatives of the Fabaceae family, which are found in a wide range of habitats and under various anthropogenic loads. The genera Astragalus L. and Oxytropis DC. are the most numerous in terms of species diversity. Many representatives of the genera Vicia L., Trifolium L., Hedysarum L., Latirus L., Melilotus Mill., Medicago L., Pisum L. are good forage plants. The vegetation in the steppe grasslands of the Altai Mountains indicates the presence of predominantly intensive grazing farm animals, in which there is the formation of transient communities by reducing the participation of the prey species and the role of not eaten, eaten bad, harmful and poisonous plants. At the same time, the share of the legume component in the living ground phytomass in meadow steppes is quite high (25–50 %), in real steppes it is about 5–28%, and in desolate steppes – 11–17 %, which is largely due to the species diversity of legumes and their adaptability to natural, climatic and anthropogenic factors. Species Onobrychis arenaria, Medicago falcata are found in the meadow steppe, and Astragalus austrosibiricus, A. tibetanus, A. brevifoliu, and Oxytropis argentata are found in the steppe pastures, which develop a good green mass and have relatively high morphometric indicators. Astragalus testiculatus, A. laguroides, A. dilutes, Oxytropis pumila, Hedysarum gmelinii, Gueldenstaedtia monophylla, and harmful pasture plants – Thermopsis mongolica, Caragana pygmaea – are adapted to drier stony habitats. Of the wild relatives of cultivated plants from familia Fabaceae in the flora of the Altai Mountains there are more than 10 species. According to the results of environmental testing of 13 varieties of annual legumes (Vicia L., Pisum L., Glycine L.), it was found that they are characterized by higher rates of green mass yield (by 12–16%) than traditional varieties of these crops in the mid-mountain zone of the Altai Republic.

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INFLUENCE OF SOIL TILLAGE METHODS AND FERTILIZER ON CROP PRODUCTIVITY AND CORPORATION OF CORN SOWINGS

Vestnik of Kazan state agrarin university ◽

10.12737/article_5a8443351934a5.57361354 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 75-79

Author(s):

Владимир Фомин ◽

Vladimir Fomin ◽

Макарим Нафиков ◽

Makarim Nafikov ◽

Вячеслав Медведев ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crop Productivity ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽

Soil Tillage ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Mass Yield ◽

Green Mass ◽

Annual Grasses ◽

The Republic ◽

Green Mass Yield

The article presents the results of studies, conducted from 2014 to 2016 in the Western Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan, for the purpose of comparative study the basic soil cultivation methods and the introduction of various types of nitrogen fertilizers for crop, cultivated for silage. Predecessor - annual grasses (vetch + oats). The dynamics of weediness of crops, its air-dry mass and green mass yield of corn in the phase of milk-wax ripeness were determined. For three years of research, the highest corn yield of green mass was obtained in the sixth variant (background + N120) - 406.6 centner per hectare. Economically advantageous was the dose of ammonia N120, where payment of one kilogram of active matter of fertilizers for the dumping of plowing amounted to 159 kg of green mass.

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EFFICIENCY OF BIOLOGICAL CONSERVANTS WITH VARIOUS CONTENT OF DRY MATTER OF GREEN MASS OF LUCERNE

Vestnik of Kazan state agrarin university ◽

10.12737/article_5bcf5190855b58.08122038 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 5-9

Author(s):

Ирек Бикчантаев ◽

Irek Bikchantaev ◽

Шамиль Шакиров ◽

Shamil' Shakirov ◽

Марсель Тагиров ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Control Sample ◽

Matter Content ◽

Crude Fiber ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Plant Raw Materials ◽

Green Mass ◽

The Republic

For the production of high quality silage, and reduction of losses of biological yield, the use of effective biological preparations is topical. In order to reveal the effectiveness of the preservation of nutrients from plant raw materials, a number of laboratory studies were carried out in 2016-2017 in the Tatar Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture (TatNIISKh). The object of research was haylage harvested from the green mass of alfalfa, grown on the experimental field “TatNIISh” in Laishevsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan. The nutritional value of the conserved green mass of the alfalfa (Medicago sativa) variety Aisleau in the phase of budding with different moisture was analyzed. Preservation of the planted plant mass was carried out using biological preparations Biotrof (St. Petersburg), Ferbak-Sil (Kazan), Bioamid-3 (Saratov). The variant with biological preparation Biotroph served as the control. The maximum content of exchange energy (EE), with an increased concentration of phytomass moisture, was established in the control sample, which was 2.36 MJ/kg and was higher than the experimental samples with Bioamid-3 and Ferbak-Sil preparations at 6.78 and 3.82 %. With an increased dry matter content in the green mass of alfalfa, this indicator was the maximum in the sample with the preparation Bioamid-3 (3.67 MJ/kg), which was higher than the control by 4.56%. The leader in the concentration of crude protein and crude fiber, with a high moisture content of raw materials, was set in a control sample and amounted to 6.11 and 6.07%, which were higher than the prototypes with Bioamid-3 and Ferbak-Sil preservatives by 0.33 and 0.16%, 0.76 and 0.48% respectively. The leading preservative for the preservation of raw protein and crude fiber, with reduced moisture content of raw materials, showed the drug Bioamid-3, whose indices were above the control by 0.39 and 0.23%.

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Influence of sowing time productivity of green mass of Sudan grass dry steppe zone in northern Kazakhstan

Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.5564/mjas.v11i2.219 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 63-67

Author(s):

N Serekpaev ◽

S Seifullin ◽

A Nogayev ◽

S Bekbulatov ◽

B Dorj ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Steppe Zone ◽

Sowing Date ◽

Sowing Time ◽

Sudan Grass ◽

Green Mass ◽

Northern Kazakhstan ◽

Sowing Dates ◽

Dry Steppe ◽

Agricultural Sciences

In this article we analyze the effect of sowing date on yield of Sudan grass green mass. The study was conducted over 2 years on the basis of working farms in the dry steppe zone of Kazakhstan. The yield of Sudan grass green mass is depending on the most favorable sowing dates. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mjas.v11i2.219 Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.11(2) 2013 pp.63-67

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MACHINE FOR SEEDER CROPS

Vestnik of Kazan state agrarin university ◽

10.12737/2073-0462-2021-80-84 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 80-84

Author(s):

Marat Kalimullin ◽

Rinat Abdrakhmanov ◽

Radik Ziatdinov ◽

Marat Salimzyanov ◽

Ilshat Mukhametshin

Keyword(s):

Green Manure ◽

Field Tests ◽

Organic Mass ◽

Environmental Aspects ◽

Depth Of Processing ◽

Agricultural Producers ◽

Green Mass ◽

The Republic ◽

Green Manure Crops ◽

Different Soils

Recently many agricultural producers have begun to take care of environmental aspects and are gradually switching to the use of organic farming elements in the cultivation of agricultural crops, which include green fertilizers - siderates. Many experts recommend cutting the green mass of green manure crops with a mower and embedding it in the surface layer of the soil as mulch. However, not all termination methods are equally effective. In particular, when passing through a field with a rotary harrow’s green manure, the circular knives have to simultaneously perform two functions: chop and embed the vegetative mass of plants, which negatively affects the depth of processing. Therefore, the goal of our research is to develop a combined unit for mowing, crushing and embedding green mass of green manure crops into the soil. To achieve this, it is proposed to attach a plant chopper to the front of the tractor, which will mow and chop the plants, and two discator batteries installed on the rear hitch of the tractor will close the chopped organic mass. To determine the efficiency of using the proposed combined unit in different regions of the Republic of Tatarstan on different soils, comparative field tests were carried out, which consisted in determining the completeness of incorporation of green mass. The value of this indicator without using the mower on the front hitch was 65%, and with mowing and chopping - 95%, this is 1.5 times more than in the version with the compared unit, which should favorably affect the decomposition of the embedded organic matter

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INFLUENCE OF SOWING DATES AND SEEDING RATES ON PRODUCTIVITY OF WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

Vestnik of Kazan state agrarin university ◽

10.12737/2073-0462-2020-53-58 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 53-58

Author(s):

Irina Fadeeva ◽

Marsel Tagirov ◽

Ilyas Gazizov ◽

Fail' Kurmakaev

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Stand Density ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Sowing Time ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Sowing Dates ◽

The Republic ◽

Factor C ◽

Sowing Period

In 2018-2019 in the Republic of Tatarstan the studies were carried out to study the effect of sowing dates and seeding rates on productuvuty of new varieties of winter wheat to identify the optimal elements of cultivation technology. The experiment scheme provided for the study of the following options: variety (factor A) - Darina, Universiada, Sultan; sowing time (factor B) - September 1 ... 2 (first, optimal), September 15 ... 17 (second); seeding rate (factor C) - 5.0; 5.5; 6.0; 6.5 million viable seeds per hectare. The predecessor is pure steam. Plot area 25 m2. The formation of the grain yield was mainly influenced by the sowing period (28.6%), the choice of the variety (21.2%) and the interaction of the three factors studied (15.8%). Universiada variety formed a yield of 4.91 t/ha during the first sowing period with a pure fallow and a seeding rate of 5.5 million pcs/ha. Sowing after September 15 resulted in a 33.78% decrease in the productivity of this variety. Darina variety formed the highest stand density among all the studied genotypes, both at the first (551.5 pieces/m2) and at the second (476.0 pieces/ m2) sowing dates. The highest grain yield of this variety was noted with the optimal (first) sowing period for pure fallow and the seeding rate of 6.0 million pcs/ha - 4.70 t/ha. A shift in sowing to a later date reduced its yield by 26.48%. Sultan variety formed the highest grain yield when sowing on September 1 ... 2 on a clean fallow with a seeding rate of 6.0 million pcs/ha. With a delay in sowing, like other varieties, the value of this indicator decreased by 24.65%. The analysis of correlations showed the dependence of the yield at the optimal sowing time in a medium degree on the grain size (r = 0.66), with a late one - on the number of productive stems for harvesting (r = 0.56). Key words: winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), variety, productivity, yield, grain weight, correlation

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