Phytochemical Analysis and In-vitro Anti-Diabetic and Anti- Inflammatory study of root extract of Apama siliquosa LAMK.

2021 ◽  
pp. 5838-5842
Author(s):  
Manu Jose ◽  
Stephin Baby ◽  
Dona Mathew ◽  
Naurin Muhammed ◽  
Jayalakshmi P M
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Inhibition Assay ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The demand for herbal medicines in many pharmaceutical sectors is growing at a drastic rate due to their improved pharmacological actions, minimal side effects and cost-effectiveness. Anti-inflammatory phytochemicals are found to be efficacious against the treatment of inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, glomerulonephritis, hepatitis, inflammatory bowel disease, etc. Anti-diabetic phytochemicals are found to treat the increasing incidence of diabetes prevalent globally. This work aims to perform the phytochemical screening and to evaluate the antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activity of crude extract of Apama siliquosa Lamk. The method employed for obtaining the active principles includes soxhlation technique with methanol as solvent. The anti-inflammatory property was studied in vitro using inhibition of albumin denaturation technique as well as heat-induced hemolysis and IC50 value was found to be 39.5μg/ml and 36.30μg/ml respectively. The anti-diabetic activity was estimated using the alpha-amylase inhibition assay and Glucose diffusion inhibitory study. The IC50 value for alpha-amylase inhibition assay was found to be 15.75μg/ml. It also shows a strong inhibition of glucose across the dialysis membrane.

scholarly journals In vitro Anti-Inflammation and Selective Cytotoxicity of Vero and HepG2 Cells by Phenolic Extract From Roots of Hermannia Geniculata Eckl and Zehl

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Adeniran Lateef Ariyo ◽  
Ashafa Anofi Omotayo Tom
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Phenolic Extract ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Mtt Assays ◽  
Anti Inflammation

Anti-inflammatory and in vitro cytotoxic effect of phenols of Hermannia geniculata (PoHG) on Vero and HepG2 cells was carried out using Soybean lipoxygenase and MTT assays. PoHG extract exhibited a commendable inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase enzyme with IC50 value of (150 ± 0.03) µg/mL which is similar to the IC50: (110± 0.01) µg/mL of the standard (indomethacin). However, the extract was non-toxic to Vero cells with LC50 value >1.00 mg/mL but highly toxic to HepG2 cells (LC50: 0.05 mg/mL). A decrease viability of HepG2 cells was observed with increase in the concentration of the extract. There was less than 5% viable HepG2 cells at PoHG concentration of 750 µg/mL. The selectivity index of (20.00 and 33.33) was recorded for PoHG extract and doxorubicin respectively. The anti-inflammatory activities of PoHG suggested that the phenols extract may be useful in the management of inflammatory diseases like artheriosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis and asthma. It is also safe for use while its antiproliferative activities can be exploited in search for anticancer agents.

scholarly journals Acyclic Triterpenoid Isolated from Alpinia katsumadai Alleviates Formalin-Induced Chronic Mouse Paw Inflammation by Inhibiting the Phosphorylation of ERK and NF-κB

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 3345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung Jin Lim ◽  
Seon Gyeong Bak ◽  
Hee Ju Lim ◽  
Seung Woong Lee ◽  
Soyoung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Extracellular Signal ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
J774 Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Chronic and excessive inflammation can destroy host organs and cause inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, and rheumatoid arthritis. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of Alpinia katsumadai seed-derived 2,3,5,22,23-pentahydroxy-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-tetracosa-6,10,14,18-tetraene (PHT) using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated J774 cells and a formalin-induced chronic paw inflammation mouse model. The in vitro results showed that PHT exhibited no cytotoxicity and decreased LPS-induced NO secretion. Additionally, PHT inhibited LPS-induced inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) protein expression. The quantitative real-time PCR results showed that PHT downregulated the gene expression of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) but not tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). PHT inhibited the LPS-induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). In a mouse model, oral administration of 50 mg/kg PHT significantly alleviated both mouse paw thickness and volume. These results indicate that PHT has potential anti-inflammatory effects and should be considered a possible functional material.

New probiotic strains for inflammatory bowel disease management identified by combining in vitro and in vivo approaches

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Alard ◽  
V. Peucelle ◽  
D. Boutillier ◽  
J. Breton ◽  
S. Kuylle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Chronic Colitis ◽  
Acute Colitis ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Alterations in the gut microbiota composition play a key role in the development of chronic diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The potential use of probiotics therefore gained attention, although outcomes were sometimes conflicting and results largely strain-dependent. The present study aimed to identify new probiotic strains that have a high potential for the management of this type of pathologies. Strains were selected from a large collection by combining different in vitro and in vivo approaches, addressing both anti-inflammatory potential and ability to improve the gut barrier function. We identified six strains with an interesting anti-inflammatory profile on peripheral blood mononuclear cells and with the ability to restore the gut barrier using a gut permeability model based on Caco-2 cells sensitized with hydrogen peroxide. The in vivo evaluation in two 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced murine models of colitis highlighted that some of the strains exhibited beneficial activities against acute colitis while others improved chronic colitis. Bifidobacterium bifidum PI22, the strain that exhibited the most protective capacities against acute colitis was only slightly efficacious against chronic colitis, while Bifidobacterium lactis LA804 which was less efficacious in the acute model was the most protective against chronic colitis. Lactobacillus helveticus PI5 was not anti-inflammatory in vitro but the best in strengthening the epithelial barrier and as such able to significantly dampen murine acute colitis. Interestingly, Lactobacillus salivarius LA307 protected mice significantly against both types of colitis. This work provides crucial clues for selecting the best strains for more efficacious therapeutic approaches in the management of chronic inflammatory diseases. The strategy employed allowed us to identify four strains with different characteristics and a high potential for the management of inflammatory diseases, such as IBD.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis, Anti-inflammatory, and Antioxidant Activities of Dendropanax dentiger Roots

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Li Yang ◽  
Yiwei Fang ◽  
Ronghua Liu ◽  
Junwei He
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Cyclic Peptide ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Dendropanax dentiger root is a traditional medicinal plant in China and used to treat inflammatory diseases for centuries, but its phytochemical profiling and biological functions are still unknown. Thus, a rapid, efficient, and precise method based on ultra high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) was applied to rapidly analyse the phytochemical profiling of D. dentiger with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in vitro. As a result, a total of 78 chemical compositions, including 15 phenylpropanoids, 15 alkaloids, 14 flavonoids, 14 fatty acids, 7 phenols, 4 steroids, 4 cyclic peptides, 3 terpenoids, and 2 others, were identified or tentatively characterized in the roots of D. dentiger. Moreover, alkaloid and cyclic peptide were reported from D. dentiger for the first time. In addition, the ethanol crude extract of D. dentiger roots exhibited remarkable anti-inflammatory activity against cyclooxygenase- (COX-) 2 inhibitory and antioxidant activities in vitro. This study is the first to explore the phytochemical analysis and COX-2 inhibitory activity of D. dentiger. This study can provide important phytochemical profiles and biological functions for the application of D. dentiger roots as a new source of natural COX-2 inhibitors and antioxidants in pharmaceutical industry.

scholarly journals Isoquinolinequinone Derivatives from a Marine Sponge (Haliclona sp.) Regulate Inflammation in In Vitro System of Intestine

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Yun Kim ◽  
Yeong Ji ◽  
Na-Hyun Kim ◽  
Nguyen Van Tu ◽  
Jung-Rae Rho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Marine Sponge ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Key Functional Groups ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Using bio-guided fractionation and based on the inhibitory activities of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), eight isoquinolinequinone derivatives (1–8) were isolated from the marine sponge Haliclona sp. Among these, methyl O-demethylrenierate (1) is a noble ester, whereas compounds 2 and 3 are new O-demethyl derivatives of known isoquinolinequinones. Compound 8 was assigned as a new 21-dehydroxyrenieramycin F. Anti-inflammatory activities of the isolated compounds were tested in a co-culture system of human epithelial Caco-2 and THP-1 macrophages. The isolated derivatives showed variable activities. O-demethyl renierone (5) showed the highest activity, while 3 and 7 showed moderate activities. These bioactive isoquinolinequinones inhibited lipopolysaccharide and interferon gamma-induced production of NO and PGE2. Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and the phosphorylation of MAPKs were down-regulated in response to the inhibition of NF-κB nuclear translocation. In addition, nuclear translocation was markedly promoted with a subsequent increase in the expression of HO-1. Structure-activity relationship studies showed that the hydroxyl group in 3 and 5, and the N-formyl group in 7 may be key functional groups responsible for their anti-inflammatory activities. These findings suggest the potential use of Haliclona sp. and its metabolites as pharmaceuticals treating inflammation-related diseases including inflammatory bowel disease.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Calyces from Physalis peruviana

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reina M. Toro ◽  
Diana M. Aragón ◽  
Luis F. Ospina ◽  
Freddy A. Ramos ◽  
Leonardo Castellanos
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Physalis Peruviana ◽  
Edema Model ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Bio Assay

Physalis peruviana calyces are used extensively in folk medicine. The crude ethanolic extract and some fractions of calyces were evaluated in order to explore antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by the TPA-induced ear edema model. The antioxidant in vitro activity was measured by means of the superoxide and nitric oxide scavenging activity of the extracts and fractions. The butanolic fraction was found to be promising due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Therefore, a bio-assay guided approach was employed to isolate and identify rutin (1) and nicotoflorin (2) from their NMR spectroscopic and MS data. The identification of rutin in calyces of P. peruviana supports the possible use of this waste material for phytotherapeutic, nutraceutical and cosmetic preparations.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Analysis of Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Effects of Mahonia aquifolium Flower and Fruit Extracts

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andra-Diana Andreicut ◽  
Alina Elena Pârvu ◽  
Augustin Cătălin Mot ◽  
Marcel Pârvu ◽  
Eva Fischer Fodor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Tnf Alpha ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Mahonia Aquifolium ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Oxidative stress and inflammation are interlinked processes. The aim of the study was to perform a phytochemical analysis and to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanolic Mahonia aquifolium flower (MF), green fruit (MGF), and ripe fruit (MRF) extracts. Plant extract chemical composition was evaluated by HLPC. A DPPH test was used for the in vitro antioxidant activity. The in vivo antioxidant effects and the anti-inflammatory potential were tested on a rat turpentine oil-induced inflammation, by measuring serum nitric oxide (NOx) and TNF-alpha, total oxidative status (TOS), total antioxidant reactivity (TAR), oxidative stress index (OSI), 3-nitrothyrosine (3NT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total thiols (SH). Extracts were administrated orally in three dilutions (100%, 50%, and 25%) for seven days prior to inflammation. The effects were compared to diclofenac. The HPLC polyphenol and alkaloid analysis revealed chlorogenic acid as the most abundant compound. All extracts had a good in vitro antioxidant activity, decreased NOx, TOS, and 3NT, and increased SH. TNF-alpha was reduced, and TAR increased only by MF and MGF. MDA was not influenced. Our findings suggest that M. aquifolium has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects that support the use in primary prevention of the inflammatory processes.

scholarly journals Food and Food Groups in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): The Design of the Groningen Anti-Inflammatory Diet (GrAID)

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1067
Author(s):  
Marjo J. E. Campmans-Kuijpers ◽  
Gerard Dijkstra
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Diet plays a pivotal role in the onset and course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patients are keen to know what to eat to reduce symptoms and flares, but dietary guidelines are lacking. To advice patients, an overview of the current evidence on food (group) level is needed. This narrative review studies the effects of food (groups) on the onset and course of IBD and if not available the effects in healthy subjects or animal and in vitro IBD models. Based on this evidence the Groningen anti-inflammatory diet (GrAID) was designed and compared on food (group) level to other existing IBD diets. Although on several foods conflicting results were found, this review provides patients a good overview. Based on this evidence, the GrAID consists of lean meat, eggs, fish, plain dairy (such as milk, yoghurt, kefir and hard cheeses), fruit, vegetables, legumes, wheat, coffee, tea and honey. Red meat, other dairy products and sugar should be limited. Canned and processed foods, alcohol and sweetened beverages should be avoided. This comprehensive review focuses on anti-inflammatory properties of foods providing IBD patients with the best evidence on which foods they should eat or avoid to reduce flares. This was used to design the GrAID.

Advances in Anti-inflammatory Activity, Mechanism and Therapeutic Application of Ursolic Acid

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingzhu Luan ◽  
Huiyun Wang ◽  
Jiazhen Wang ◽  
Xiaofan Zhang ◽  
Fenglan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ursolic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Inflammatory Stimuli ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

: In vivo and in vitro studies reveal that ursolic acid (UA) is able to counteract endogenous and exogenous inflammatory stimuli, and has favorable anti-inflammatory effects. The anti-inflammatory mechanisms mainly include decreasing the release of histamine in mast cells, suppressing the activities of lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenase and phospholipase, and reducing the production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species, blocking the activation of signal pathway, down-regulating the expression of inflammatory factors, and inhibiting the activities of elastase and complement. These mechanisms can open up new avenues for the scientific community to develop or improve novel therapeutic approaches to tackle inflammatory diseases such as arthritis, atherosclerosis, neuroinflammation, liver diseases, kidney diseases, diabetes, dermatitis, bowel diseases, cancer. The anti-inflammatory activity, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of ursolic acid and its therapeutic applications are reviewed in this paper.

In-vitro and in vivo studies of traditionally prepared Zingiber officinale juice for Antimitotic and Lethality activity

2021 ◽  
pp. 4652-4656
Author(s):  
Nadar Sowmya ◽  
Chouhan Raghavendra Singh ◽  
Kosha Patel ◽  
Harshil Patel ◽  
Tanvi Dodiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Inhibition Assay ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Antimitotic Activity ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Traditionally Prepared

According to the literature survey most of the studies done on Adarak (Zingiber officinale rhizome) were performed on alcoholic extracts or isolated entities of ginger but no profound work has been done on the traditionally prepared or commonly consumed way of ginger. So, in this current study, fresh ginger rhizomes were traditionally pounded to make Adarak juice. The different concentration (0.05%, 0.5%, 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%) were taken as sample to perform onion root tip inhibition assay and brine shrimp lethality bioassay. It showed antimitotic inhibition in the range of 0.05-10% concentration with an IC50 value of 0.37 % on number of rootlets was 0.08 % on length of rootlets. The traditionally prepared Adarak juice showed cytotoxicity in the range of 0.05-2.5% concentration with LC50 value of 1.59%. The traditionally prepared Adarak juice possesses cytotoxic and antimitotic activity.

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