Patient with Diabetes Mellitus and Ocular Complications: A Brief review

2021 ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Naveen K L ◽  
Grinton Josvi Veigas ◽  
Ananya Bhattacharjee
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Ocular Complications ◽  
Autoimmune Destruction ◽  
Young Stage ◽  
Onset Of Diabetes ◽  
Heart Blood ◽  
Health Complications

Diabetes mellitus is metabolic disorder characterised by hyperglycaemia of human blood due to inadequate secretion and action of hormone insulin. Different classes of DM are Type-1, Type-2, neonatal, gestational and maturity onset of diabetes at young stage. The main pathologic cause for the DM is autoimmune destruction of β-cells and insulin deficiency due to resistance of insulin action caused by the abnormalities in metabolism of carbohydrates, protein and lipids which intern cause lack of insulin action on target tissues. Chronic stage of hyperglycaemia is associated with permanent damage, failure and dysfunction of various organs system, which includes heart, blood vessel, eyes, neurones and kidney. Long term DM may causes some health complications in patient such as nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy and other complications like peripheral vasculopathy and ischemia of heart. In current era ocular complications associated with DM are rapid and progressive, becoming world top most cause of morbidity. This article covers brief information regarding ocular complications and vision loss in patient with DM.

scholarly journals Role of “Meshshringyadi Yog" in the management of Diabetic wound

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 726-729
Author(s):  
Archana B Kukade ◽  
Priyanka D Patil ◽  
Pradeep Kumar B Jondhale
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Diabetic Wound ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type Ii ◽  
Health Complications

Diabetes mellitus type II is a metabolic disorder and has become confront for   the   medical professionals to deal with   comprehensively and it becomes   thoughtful   problem of   modern society due to severe long- term health complications associated with it. Though   there    are abundant   hypoglycemic   agents available in the market, due to their adverse effects, herbal medicines are becoming  more  popular with better results and probable null adverse effects on body. Ayurvedic remedies for Diabetes Mellitus are the   oldest   among   all   the available therapies. Through various literary reviews  Meshshringi (Gymnema sylvestre, Robert Brown) Aamalaki (Emblica officinalis, Gaerthand) Vijaysar (Pterocarpus marsupium, Roxburgh) have shown marked  effect  in Diabetes mellitus and their  properties  also  shows  anti-inflammatory, antioxidant effects   also . This article   highlights a case of diabetic wound treated with Meshshringyadi- yog  with effective results. 

scholarly journals Knowledge, Perceptions and Concerns of Diabetes-Associated Complications among Individuals Living with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Clara Sanz-Nogués ◽  
Mohamad Mustafa ◽  
Helen Burke ◽  
Timothy O’Brien ◽  
Cynthia Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Related Complication ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Health Complications

The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge, perceptions and concerns of individuals living with diabetes mellitus regarding the disorder and its associated long-term health complications. Individuals living with type 1 (N = 110) and type 2 (N = 100) diabetes were surveyed at the Diabetes Centre at University Hospital Galway (Ireland). A questionnaire was used to record respondent’s perceptions and concerns about living with diabetes and developing associated long-term health complications, especially diabetes-induced osteopathy. Participants’ responses revealed a variety of perspectives. Individuals with type 1 diabetes had a deeper understanding of the aetiology of diabetes and were more concerned about its complications than individuals with type 2 diabetes. The most recognized complications identified by the participants were retinopathy (92% type 1; 83% type 2), amputations (80% type 1; 70% type 2) and nephropathy (83% type 1; 63% type 2). Diabetes-related osteopathy was under-recognized, with 37% (type 1) and 23% (type 2) of respondents identifying bone fractures as a diabetes-related complication. Enhancing the patient awareness of this under-recognized diabetes-associated complication and ensuring that preventative measures are incorporated within health care programmes may offer methodologies to address this complication clinically.

scholarly journals Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Harbinger of the Vicious Cycle of Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 5003
Author(s):  
Emilyn U. Alejandro ◽  
Therriz P. Mamerto ◽  
Grace Chung ◽  
Adrian Villavieja ◽  
Nawirah Lumna Gaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Cell Dysfunction ◽  
Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Health Complications ◽  
Underlying Pathophysiology ◽  
And Child Health

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), characterized by a transitory form of diabetes induced by insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction during pregnancy, has been identified as one of the major obstacles in achieving improved maternal and child health. Approximately 9–25% of pregnancies worldwide are impacted by the acute, long-term, and transgenerational health complications of this disease. Here, we discuss how GDM affects longstanding maternal and neonatal outcomes, as well as health risks that likely persist into future generations. In addition to the current challenges in the management and diagnosis of and the complications associated with GDM, we discuss current preclinical models of GDM to better understand the underlying pathophysiology of the disease and the timely need to increase our scientific toolbox to identify strategies to prevent and treat GDM, thereby advancing clinical care.

scholarly journals Circadian Variations in Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, and HR-BP Cross-Correlation Coefficient during Progression of Diabetes Mellitus in Rat

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chikodi N. Anigbogu ◽  
Daniel T. Williams ◽  
David R. Brown ◽  
Dennis L. Silcox ◽  
Richard O. Speakman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Circadian Variations ◽  
Onset Of Diabetes ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Cardiovascular Rhythms

Circadian changes in cardiovascular function during the progression of diabetes mellitus in the diabetes prone rat (BBDP) (n=8) were studied. Age-matched diabetes-resistant rats (BBDR) served as controls. BP was recorded via telemetry in contiguous 4 hr time periods over 24 hours starting with 12 midnight to 4 am as period zero (P0). Prior to onset of diabetes BP was high at P0, peaked at P2, and then fell again at P3; BP and heart rate (HR) then increased gradually at P4 and leveled off at P5, thereby exhibiting a bipodal rhythm. These patterns changed during long-term diabetes. The cross-correlation coefficient of BP and HR was not significantly different across groups at onset, but it fell significantly at 9 months of duration of diabetes (BBDP: 0.39 ± 0.06; BBDR: 0.65 ± 0.03;P<.05). These results show that changes in circadian cardiovascular rhythms in diabetes mellitus became significant at the late stage of the disease.

scholarly journals Dietary and Lifestyle Modification in the Preventation of Secondary Complication of Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
The World ◽  
Secondary Complication

Diabetes mellitus metabolic cum vascular syndrome of multiple aetiologies characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances of CHO, Fat and Protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. This disorder is frequently associated with long term disease, which can lead to failure of organs like eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessel. In recent years India has witnessed a rapidly exploding epidemic of Diabetes. Indeed, India today leads the world with its largest number of Diabetic people in any given country. WHO estimates there are 32 million with Diabetes in India with Diabetes in 2000, which is projected to rise by 80 million by the year 2030? Increase in prevalence is rapid in urban areas from 2% 1970s to 12% in 2000 and in rural areas also it is now beginning to increase. Nutrition is often said to be the cornerstone of diabetes care. The goal for nutritional management is optimal metabolic control through a balance between food intake, physical activity, and if necessary, medication to avoid complications.

scholarly journals Diabetic ketoacidosis with acute kidney injury in prepubertal children: a report on two cases

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Dwi Andriyani ◽  
Afriyan Wahyudhi ◽  
Shirley Leonita Anggriawan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Autoimmune Destruction ◽  
Develop Type

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a result of autoimmune damage, in which environmental factors are thought to trigger the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic ß-cells.1,2 Worldwide, an estimated 65,000 children under 15 years of age develop type 1 diabetes mellitus each year.3 Approximately 30% of children who present with newly-diagnosed type 1 diabetes have diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).4 Himawan et al. reported a DKA prevalence of43.6% in girls.5 The long-term effects of diabetes mellitus include retinopathy, chronic kidney disease (nephropathy), neuropathy, and dyslipidemia.2

scholarly journals Psychological Effects and Parent Quality of Life in Children of Vision Loss for Uveitis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Guerriero ◽  
Roberta Palmieri ◽  
Francesco Craig ◽  
Francesco La Torre ◽  
Valeria Albano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ocular Complications ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Related Quality

Abstract Purpose: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a chronic inflammatory disease common in children and young adults. Uveitis is most frequent serious extra-articular JIA manifestation and can lead to severe ocular complications, vision loss and permanent blindness. The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of life and the psychological effects of JIA associated with uveitis (JIA-U) on these children and to explore the effect of a child’s chronic illness on parents. Materials and Methods: 30 children and adolescents with active uveitis referred to Unit of Ophthalmology, Giovanni XXIII Hospital of Bari and 30 subjects of control group were enrolled with their parents. Informed consent was signed by the subjects and four questionnaires were administered: Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL), Parent Stress Index in short form (PSI), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS). Data were collected from February 2020 to December 2020.Results: The analysis of the emotional and behavioral problems of children (CBCL) with JIA associated with uveitis, the rate of parent’s stress (PSI) and the strategies of coping with the stress (CISS) of their families did not show statistically significant differences between the clinical sample and the control group. Significant differences were observed in quality of life between the two groups. In particular, significant differences (p<0,05) were found in all domains of PedsQL: physical functioning (PF), emotional functioning (EF), social functioning (SF) and school functioning (ScF). Conclusions: This study shows a worse quality of life in children with JIA-U. Several ocular complications, eye examinations and the rigor of long-term treatment influence health-related quality of life in these children. This study suggests the importance of helping children with uveitis cope with chronic disease and may improve outcome. Inclusion of a screening related quality of life should be considered in management of children with JIA-U. Further studies are needed to evaluate the long-term impact on psychological health in these children.

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