scholarly journals Conflict Resolution Towards a Sustainable Peace: A Lesson from The Indonesian Military Ordinariate

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Rofinus Neto Wuli ◽  
Muchlis R Luddin ◽  
Thomas Suyatno
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Humanitarian Intervention ◽  
State Power ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
Sustainable Peace ◽  
Racial Background ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

The diversity of tribes, religions, races, groups, and cultural expressions in various dimensions make Indonesia one of the most vibrant cultures in the world. However, it cannot be denied, that diversity has the potential to trigger social conflicts that can threaten the unity and unity of the nation and state and disrupt a safe and peaceful shared life. The long history of the Indonesian journey proves that social conflicts often occur due to the differences in ethnic groups, religious, racial background, and inter-group (SARA). Therefore, conflict resolution efforts are a necessity for Indonesia to realize a safe and peaceful shared life. This study was aimed to study the conflict resolution based on the history of the Indonesian Military Ordinariate in mitigating and resolving conflict. In general, there are two approaches to conflict resolution, namely intervention in security or stability and humanitarian intervention. Security interventions (stability) usually use military power to resolve conflicts, whereas humanitarian intervention integrates the strength of culture and local wisdom as a basis for resolving conflicts. Humanitarian intervention in resolving conflicts usually results in sustainable, peaceful reconciliation. A peace that occurs between the parties to the conflict is not due to compulsion under military pressure or State power but is born from the awareness of the parties to create mutually reconciling society.

The Cambridge History of America and the World

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
Military Power ◽  
American Empire ◽  
Global Power ◽  
Cultural Terms ◽  
The World ◽  
Fourth Volume ◽  
History Of

The fourth volume of The Cambridge History of America and the World examines the heights of American global power in the mid-twentieth century and how challenges from at home and abroad altered the United States and its role in the world. The second half of the twentieth century marked the pinnacle of American global power in economic, political, and cultural terms, but even as it reached such heights, the United States quickly faced new challenges to its power, originating both domestically and internationally. Highlighting cutting-edge ideas from scholars from all over the world, this volume anatomizes American power as well as the counters and alternatives to 'the American empire.' Topics include US economic and military power, American culture overseas, human rights and humanitarianism, third-world internationalism, immigration, communications technology, and the Anthropocene.

scholarly journals Peran Indonesia dalam Upaya Penyelesaian Konflik antara Pemerintah Filipina dan Moro Nationalism Liberation Front (MNLF)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Hardi Alunaza SD ◽  
Dewa Anggara
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
World Peace ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
Resolution Process ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Philippine Government

The Moro Nationalism Liberation Front (MNLF) has long been perceived by the Philippine government as a threat. The continuity of this conflict resulted in the instability of the Philippine state which also affects its relations with other countries. Indonesia as a neighboring country and one region with the Philippines helped to resolve the conflict between the Philippine government and MNLF. The presence of Indonesia became a history of Indonesian diplomacy for the world peace struggle contained in Indonesia’s Preamble of the 1945 Constitution. This paper is attempts to answer that question using conflict theory from Max Weber which focuses on interaction in conflict resolution. The results of this paper indicates that Indonesian’s role in mediating the conflict resolution process resulted in a Final Peace Agreement which is the final peace agreement between the Philippine Government and MNLF.Keywords: Moro Nationalism Liberation Front (MNLF), Philippine, Indonesia, conflict resolution, Final Peace Agreement, mediation

scholarly journals Punjabis and Coeliac Disease: A Wake-Up Call

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-174
Author(s):  
Affifa Farrukh ◽  
John F. Mayberry
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Coeliac Disease ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Quality Information ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

Punjabis are one of the largest ethnic groups in the world, with at least 124 million members. Their diet is based around wheat cereals and they are now recognised to be at risk of coeliac disease. Indeed, the incidence of coeliac disease amongst Punjabi migrants is three times that of other Europeans, suggesting that in excess of 3 million Punjabi people may be affected by the condition. This review considers the history of coeliac disease and its lack of ready diagnosis in the Punjabi community, including the adverse outcomes as a result. It considers the poor-quality information available to Punjabi patients and tentatively suggests methods of dealing with these issues.

Thailand: Camouflaged Khakistocracy in Civil–Military Relations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul W. Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Prime Minister ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Authoritarian Rule ◽  
Civil Military Relations ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Military Relations ◽  
The Military

The history of civil–military relations in Thailand has paralleled the gradual post-1980 primacy of monarchical power over the country. Until 1932, the monarchy ruled absolute across Siam (Thailand). From 1932 until 1980, the military held more clout than the monarchy (though the palace slowly increased its influence after 1957). Since 1980, monarchy and military have dominated the country with the military as junior partner. The two form a khakistocracy: the military’s uniform color of khaki combined with the aristocracy (monarchy). Though there have been brief instances of elected civilian governments, all were overthrown by the military. In fact, Thailand likely holds the record for the highest number of military putsches in the world. Since the death of King Bhumipol Adulyadej in 2016, the clout of the armed forces has become more centralized under his successor and son King Maha Vajiralongkorn. At the same time, post-2019 Prime Minister (and post-2014 junta leader) General Prayuth Chanocha has sought to entrench military power across Thailand. As a result, in 2021, the monarchy and military continue to enhance authoritarian rule as a khakistocracy camouflaged behind the guise of a charade form of democracy. Civil–military relations represent exclusively a partnership between the monarch and the armed forces.

“Under ye Lash of ye Law”: The State and the Law in the Post-Culloden Scottish Highlands

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Matthew P. Dziennik
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
State Power ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
Primary Target ◽  
Scottish Highlands ◽  
History Of ◽  
British State ◽  
The Military

Abstract In the aftermath of the Jacobite rebellion of 1745, the British state enacted a series of restrictive legal measures designed to pacify the Scottish Highlands and crush the military power of the Gael. With the evolution of scholarly work on the British state, these measures are increasingly seen through the prism of state power, with the Scottish Gàidhealtachd cast as the victim of a fiscal-military system determined to impose obedience on its territory and peoples. In analyzing the implementation and enforcement of the laws passed between 1746 and 1752, this article challenges this narrative. By focusing attention on the legal system—particularly with regards enforcement—this article considers the local reception of the laws and the ideological, legal, and bureaucratic limitations to state authority. Yet it also explores how clan chiefs and traditional elites, who were the primary target of the legislation, quickly turned the laws to their own advantage. This analysis challenges the idea of effective state intervention in the Gàidhealtachd after 1746 and instead brings attention to how parliamentary legislation was mobilized by regional actors to local ends in ways that cast a long shadow over the history of the Scottish Highlands.

scholarly journals Ethnic stereotypes among Bosniak and Serbian youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Psihologija ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Turjacanin
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Ethnic Stereotypes ◽  
Conflict Resolution Education ◽  
History Of ◽  
Banja Luka ◽  
Negative Attributes ◽  
Interethnic Communication

This research, which used a sample of 407 members of both Bosniak and Serb nationality in Sarajevo and Banja Luka, analyzes the structure and content of ethnic stereotypes of Bosnia and Herzegovina's youth. The results reveal significant negative stereotypes of Bosniak and Serb youth toward one another, but also show conspicuous similarities regarding their stereotypes toward other ethnic groups. The concluding remarks set forth theoretical and pragmatic consequences of the results obtained. It can be concluded that people are clearly divided into groups based on the ethnicity criterion. This, substantiated by the earlier history of conflict, creates perceptions and assessments saturated by negative attributes, and can lead to potential conflicts in future. The research suggests that possible solution lies in a conflict resolution education, greater interethnic communication.

Western Arms in Maritime Asia in the Early Phases of Expansion

1980 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Military History ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Reading Public ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Coffee Table ◽  
Early Phases ◽  
Do So

To a general reading public the history of the European empires still seems to be virtually synonymous with their military power and with stories of battles in tropical climes; by contrast, academic historians of imperialism now show little interest in purely military history. Campaigns and battles were no doubt frequently the means by which European power came to be exerted over other parts of the world, but, especially from the early nineteenth century onwards, their outcome was generally predictable. If the Europeans were prepared to make adequate efforts, their ultimate success was not usually in doubt. Defeats occurred often enough at the hands of Africans or Asians, but where it seemed worthwhile to do so, at least until the Russo—Japanese War, these defeats were sooner or later avenged. Historians' debates have therefore tended to concentrate not on the means of expansion but on the motives for it: why Europeans should have wished to exert their power or why they should have been drawn into doing so in certain situations. Books on battles are left to decorate that somewhat improbable piece of furniture, the coffee table.

When Parrots Learn to Talk, and Why They Can't: Domination, Deception, and Self-Deception in Indian-White Relations

1987 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Sider
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
State Power ◽  
Melting Pot ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Cultural Differentiation ◽  
The World ◽  
Ways Of Life ◽  
Do So

If the expansion and consolidation of state power simply undermined, homogenized, and ultimately destroyed the distinctive societies and ethnic groups in its grasp, as various acculturation or melting-pot theories would have it, the world would long ago have run out of its supply of diverse ways of life, a supply presumably created in the dawn of human time. To the contrary, state power must not only destroy but also generate cultural differentiation—and do so not only between different nation states, and between states and their political and economic colonies, but in the center of its grasp as well. The historical career of ethnic peoples can thus best be understood in the context of forces that both give a people birth and simultaneously seek to take their lives.

scholarly journals Peran Indonesia dalam Upaya Penyelesaian Konflik antara Pemerintah Filipina dan Moro Nationalism Liberation Front (MNLF)

2018 ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Hardi Alunaza SD ◽  
Dewa Anggara
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
World Peace ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
Resolution Process ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Philippine Government

The Moro Nationalism Liberation Front (MNLF) has long been perceived by the Philippine government as a threat. The continuity of this conflict resulted in the instability of the Philippine state which also affects its relations with other countries. Indonesia as a neighboring country and one region with the Philippines helped to resolve the conflict between the Philippine government and MNLF. The presence of Indonesia became a history of Indonesian diplomacy for the world peace struggle contained in Indonesia’s Preamble of the 1945 Constitution. This paper is attempts to answer that question using conflict theory from Max Weber which focuses on interaction in conflict resolution. The results of this paper indicates that Indonesian’s role in mediating the conflict resolution process resulted in a Final Peace Agreement which is the final peace agreement between the Philippine Government and MNLF.Keywords: Moro Nationalism Liberation Front (MNLF), Philippine, Indonesia, conflict resolution, Final Peace Agreement, mediation

Conclusion

2019 ◽  
pp. 198-208
Author(s):  
Charlie Laderman
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
British Empire ◽  
Gilded Age ◽  
Near East ◽  
Humanitarian Intervention ◽  
League Of Nations ◽  
Political Interest ◽  
Critical Juncture ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

This concluding chapter explores why the declining American and British political interest in the Armenians during the early 1920s signifies a critical juncture in the history of both nations’ history of humanitarian engagement. It explores the legacy of the debate over an American mandate for Armenia and its impact on the history of humanitarian intervention, the formation of the post-Ottoman Near East, the development of the League of Nations, the postwar strategy of the British Empire, and the shaping of broader ideas about America’s place in the world. The debate over protecting the Armenians elucidates the ideals and interests that shaped US foreign policy in the Gilded Age and Progressive Era. It also demonstrates dilemmas in humanitarian politics that continue to confront contemporary policymakers.

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