scholarly journals Economic Viability Analysis of an Oral Anthelmintic Treatment for Cattle in Feedlot

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Matheus Takemi Muchon Nakatani ◽  
Mario Henrique Conde ◽  
Mariana Green de Freitas ◽  
Flávia Carolina Fávero ◽  
Lucas Chaves de Paula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Viability Analysis ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Random Block Design

The economic viability of a commercial oral anthelmintic suspension containing 10% fenbendazole was evaluated in Angus x Nelore cattle in a feedlot. Two groups of 37 animals (treated and non-treated) were formed. A random-block design was used based on initial weight, egg count per gram of feces (EPG) and carcass grade. EPG counts and the determination of weight were performed on Days 0, 42 and 122. Carcass grade and yield were determined on the day of slaughter. Economic viability was evaluated using cost-effectiveness, sensitivity and financial analyses, considering three economic scenarios: most likely (M), optimistic (O) and pessimistic (P). The anthelmintic achieved 99.89% efficacy regarding EPG reduction. The animals exhibited an increase of 20.7 kg in live weight, 20.2 kg in live weight gain and 0.166 kg in daily weight gain (p < 0.05). No effects were found on yield or carcass grade (p > 0.05). The genus Haemonchus predominated at the onset of the study, whereas only the genus Cooperia was found after treatment. A net return of 14.60 USD per animal was found in the treated group, which remained viable under O, M and P scenarios, with respective differences of 18.92%, 12.86% and 91.15% in gross profit. The treatment was financially superior under all scenarios (real, M, O and P), with reductions of 1.89, 1.04, 0.48 and 16.39 years for the recovery of the initial investment. These results demonstrate the importance of economic analysis methods in the evaluation and selection of anthelmintics.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Level of Molasses Inclusion on Feed Intake, Body Weight Gain and Carcass Parameters of Afar Bull

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Anwar Seid ◽  
Mohammed Yasin Ali
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Carcass Parameters ◽  
Concentrate Mix

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementing different levels of molasses concentrates mix with a basal diet of cultivated pasture hay on intake, body weight and carcass quality of Afar bull. The experiment included three bulls in each group and a total of 12 bulls with mean initial live weight of 158 ± 1.20 kg, were used for the experiment in a complete randomized block design (RCRD). The experiment was consisted of 180 days of feeding trial followed by carcass evaluation. The concentrate mix were 2:1 (wheat bran and Cotton seed cake) The CP content of the cultivated hay, concentrate mix and molasses were 9.16, 25.2, and 3.8 %, respectively. Results showed that, the mean final weight for Tx1, Tx2, Tx3, Tx4 were 271.65Kg, 255.83kg, 243.79kg and 239.50 respectively. Significant differences in daily body weight gain and final body weight among the treatment were observed but carcass parameters were not significantly recorded. The Tx1 and Tx2 have a tendency to achieve a higher average daily weight gain (ADG), final body weight, hot carcass weight and feed conversion efficiency compared with Tx3 and Tx4. From the present study, it can be concluded that, the inclusion of 20% molasses in the diet of a mixed ration of Afar bulls can be finished with good performance without adverse effect on health. Further studies are required on the effects of age and feeding duration on carcass characteristics of Afar bulls.

Kecernaan In Vivo Bahan Kering Sapi Lokal Jantan yang Diberikan Pakan Fermentasi Kulit Coklat dan Ampas Tebu

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syapridus Syapridus ◽  
Didy Rachmadi ◽  
Cut Intan Novita
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Random Block Design

Abstrak. Penelitian tentang  kecernaan  In Vivo sapi lokal jantan yang diberikan pakan fermentasi kulit coklat dan ampas tebu telah dilakukan di Gampong Cot Teube, Kecamatan Gandapura, Kabupaten Bireuen Provinsi Aceh, dari tanggal 6 Oktober 2015 sampai dengan 3 Januari 2016. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kecernaan bahan kering sapi lokal jantan yang diberikan pakan berbasis kulit coklat dan ampas tebu.Penelitian ini menggunakan 12 ekor sapi lokal.Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). Terdiri dari 3 (tiga) kelompok dan 4 (empat) perlakuan. Sapi dikelompokkan berdasarkan bobot badan. Perlakuan terdiri dari pelakuan A (Ransum kontrol tanpa ampas tebu dan kulit coklat), perlakuan B (Ransum dengan penambahan kulit coklat fermentasi 25%), perlakuan C (Ransum dengan penambahan ampas tebu fermentasi 25%),dan pelakuan D (Ransum pakan kombinasi ampas tebu fermentasi 12,5% dan kulit coklat fermentasi 12,5%). Data penelitian yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA (Analysis of Variance). Bila terjadi perbedaan antar perlakuan maka akan dilakukan uji jarak berganda Duncan. Parameter yang diamati adalah  konsumsiransum, kecernaanIn Vivo bahan kering dan pertambahan bobot badan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan yang tidak nyata (P0.05) terhadap konsumsi ransum, kecernaan In vivo bahan kering dan pertambahan bobot badan. Pakan fermentasi kulit coklat dan ampas tebu tidak berpengaruh terhadap konsumsi ransum, kecernaanin vivo bahan kering dan pertambahan bobot badan.  In VIvo Dry Matter Digestibility of Local Bulls that Giving Fermentation Fod Cacao and BagasseAbstract.This research about In Vivo digestibility local bull that given fermentation pod cacao and bagasse have done in the Cot TeubeVillage, Gandapura Subdistrict, Bireuen in Aceh Province, on October 6, 2015 until January 3, 2016. The purpose of this study was to determine dry matter digestibility of local  bull that given pod based cacao  and bagasse. This study used 12 local bulls. The design of the research was a Random Block Design (RBD), and it ed Consist of three (3) groups and four (4) treatments. Bulls were grouped based on body weight. The treatment consists of the carrying  A (Rations control without bagasse and pod cacao ), treatment B (Rations with addition of fermented  pod cacao 25%), treatment C (rations with addition of bagasse fermented 25%), and treatment D (rations of feed combinations 12.5% fermented bagasse and 12.5% fermented pod cacao ).  Data were analyzed by using (Analysis of Variance ANOVA). The parameters measured were feed intake, In Vivo digestibility of dry matter and weight gain. The results showed that no significant differences (P 0.05) on feed consumption, In vivo digestibility of dry matter and weight gain. Fermentation feed of  pod cacao  and bagasse have no effect on rations intake, in vivo digestibility of dry matter and weight gain.

scholarly journals Increasing selection gain and accuracy of harvest prediction models in Jatropha through genome-wide selection

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano dos Santos ◽  
Erina Vitório Rodrigues ◽  
Bruno Galvêas Laviola ◽  
Larissa Pereira Ribeiro Teodoro ◽  
Paulo Eduardo Teodoro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Models ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Breeding Cycle ◽  
Selection Cycle ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Random Block Design ◽  
Number Of Individuals

AbstractGenome-wide selection (GWS) has been becoming an essential tool in the genetic breeding of long-life species, as it increases the gain per time unit. This study had a hypothesis that GWS is a tool that can decrease the breeding cycle in Jatropha. Our objective was to compare GWS with phenotypic selection in terms of accuracy and efficiency over three harvests. Models were developed throughout the harvests to evaluate their applicability in predicting genetic values in later harvests. For this purpose, 386 individuals of the breeding population obtained from crossings between 42 parents were evaluated. The population was evaluated in random block design, with six replicates over three harvests. The genetic effects of markers were predicted in the population using 811 SNP's markers with call rate = 95% and minor allele frequency (MAF) > 4%. GWS enables gains of 108 to 346% over the phenotypic selection, with a 50% reduction in the selection cycle. This technique has potential for the Jatropha breeding since it allows the accurate obtaining of GEBV and higher efficiency compared to the phenotypic selection by reducing the time necessary to complete the selection cycle. In order to apply GWS in the first harvests, a large number of individuals in the breeding population are needed. In the case of few individuals in the population, it is recommended to perform a larger number of harvests.

scholarly journals Cost-Effectiveness of Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal as Substitute of Fishmeal in Diets for Layer Chicks and Growers

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6074
Author(s):  
Esther Khayanga Sumbule ◽  
Mary Kivali Ambula ◽  
Isaac Maina Osuga ◽  
Janice Ghemoh Changeh ◽  
David Miano Mwangi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Black Soldier Fly Larvae ◽  
Fly Larvae ◽  
The Impact

The acceptance of eco-friendly black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) as sustainable alternative protein ingredient in poultry feeds continues to gain momentum worldwide. This study evaluates the impact of BSFLM in layer chick and grower diets on the growth, carcass quality and economic returns. Mean weekly weight gain and total live weight per chick and grower varied significantly. The highest final weight gain was achieved when birds were provided diet with 25.6% BSFLM. Average daily feed intake (ADFI), average daily weight gain (ADG) and overall weight gain of the chick varied significantly, except for the feed conversion ratio (FCR). For grower birds, ADFI, ADG, FCR and overall weight gain did not vary significantly across the various feeding regimes. The weight of the wings and drumsticks had a quadratic response with a maximum weight obtained at 33% inclusion of BSFLM. The weight of the internal organs were not significantly affected by dietary types. Positive cost–benefit ratio and return on investment was recorded for diet types with higher BSFLM inclusion levels (>75%). Diets with 25% and 100% BSFLM inclusion were the most suitable and cost-effective, respectively. Thus, BSFLM represents a promising alternative source of protein that could be sustainably used in the poultry industries.

scholarly journals Characterization of the effects of macronutrient deficiencies in mangabeira seedlings

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 1235-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Layara Alexandre Bessa ◽  
Fabiano Guimarães Silva ◽  
Marialva Alvarenga Moreira ◽  
João Paulo Ribeiro Teodoro ◽  
Frederico Antônio Loureiro Soares
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Random Block Design ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Hancornia Speciosa

Knowledge of the mineral nutrition requirements of mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) is relatively scarce and rudimentary because there is a lack of consistent data concerning its nutritional demands at different developmental stages. The aim of this research was to characterize the visual symptoms of macronutrient deficiencies and to evaluate the effects of these deficiencies on the growth, the production of dry matter, and the leaf content of mangabeira. To achieve this goal, a greenhouse experiment was conducted at the Goiano Federal Institute (Instituto Federal Goiano) in Rio Verde - GO, from January to June 2011 in which mangabeira plants were arranged in a random block design and grown in nutrient solutions. This experiment was replicated four times. The plants were treated with either a complete nutrient solution or a nutrient solution from which the individual macronutrient of interest (nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), or sulfur (S) had been omitted. The omission of a macronutrient from the nutrient solution resulted in morphological alterations that were characteristic symptoms of the particular nutritional deficiency and caused decreases in growth and dry matter mass production. The accumulation of macronutrients displayed the following order in mangabeira leaves: N>K>Ca>P>S>Mg.

scholarly journals Estimates of genetic gains for growth traits in young plants of Eucalyptus urophylla S. T. Blake

CERNE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Galhardo Godoy ◽  
Sebastião Carlos da Silva Rosado
Keyword(s):  
Quality Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Gains ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Collar Diameter ◽  
Random Block Design ◽  
Root Collar ◽  
Dickson Quality Index

The objective of this study was the selection of superior genotypes for growth traits, correlating them to initial height growth in the field, at age eight months. A random block design was used in the nursery, with eight clones, three replicates and four plants per plot. And a random block design was also used in the field, with eight clones, four replicate blocks and nine plants per plot. Data being analyzed in the nursery at age 120 days included: height of field seedling, at age eight months (Hc), height of nursery seedling (Hm), root collar diameter (Dc), shoot diameter (Db), shoot dry matter (PMSPA), root dry matter (PMSR), total dry matter (PMST), ratio of shoot dry matter to root dry matter (PMSPA/PMSR), Dickson quality index of root collar diameter (IQD-Dc), Dickson quality index of shoot diameter (IQD-Db). Analyses of variance showed that significant genetic differences exist among clones for all traits and, given the high heritability values found, the estimated genetic gains were generically very high. As for predicted indirect genetic gain, selection in nursery seedlings for Dc, PMSPA/PMSR, IQD-Dc provided the highest values of indirect gain in field seedling height.

scholarly journals Effect of mineral protein suplements on live weight gain of grazing cattle

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1643-1648
Author(s):  
Lucas Alberto Teixeira de Rezende ◽  
Júlio César Teixeira ◽  
Antônio Ricardo Evangelista ◽  
Juan Ramón Olalquiaga Pérez ◽  
Joel Augusto Muniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Mineral Salt ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Live Weight Gain ◽  
Grazing Cattle ◽  
Control Protein

This work was carried out to evaluate the effect of supplements based on non-protein nitrogen (NPN) as: urea, amirea and multinutritional block, on live weight gain and cost analysis for cattle kept in pastures. During a period of 104 days(April to July 2004), 40 crossbreed bulls, uncastrated and initial average weight of 379kg, were allocated into 4 paddocks with Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, in continuous pasture system receiving, in troughs, the following treatments: mineral salt (control), protein supplement containing amirea, protein supplement containing urea and multinutritional block. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with repetition within the block. Results of availability bromatological composition of pasture, supplement consumption and daily weight gain of animals were evaluated in two experimental sub-periods: 0 to 45 and 45 to 90 days. In the first sub-period, there was no effect of treatments (P>0.05) on daily weight gain but in the second sub-period, the multinutritional block showed smaller (P<0.05) weight gain than the ones which were similar among themselves, being: 0.60; 0.59; 0.61 and 0.22kg/animal/day, respectively, for the treatments with mineral salt, amirea, urea and multinutritional block. Before these edafoclimatic conditions, the period and duration of the experiment, the supplementation with mineral salt provided the higher profit.

scholarly journals Coffee hull in the diet of dairy heifers: nitrogen balance and microbial protein synthesis

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1141-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Lima de Souza ◽  
Rasmo Garcia ◽  
Luciano da Silva Cabral ◽  
Mara Lúcia Albuquerque Pereira ◽  
Rilene Ferreira Diniz Valadares
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Purine Derivative ◽  
Microbial Protein Synthesis ◽  
Random Block ◽  
Random Block Design

It was evaluated nitrogen compounds and microbial protein synthesis in heifers fed diets containing coffee hulls (0.0; 8.75; 17.25; and 26.25% of dry matter) replacing ground corn concentrate at the following levels of coffee hulls in the total diet dry matter: 0.0, 3.5, 7.0 or 10.5%. It was used 24 crossbreed heifers (7/8, 15/16 and 31/32 Holstein-Zebu), which were distributed in a random block design made up accordingly to the weight of the animals. Spot samples of urine were colleted aproximatelly four hours after morning feeding and were used to estimate microbial protein synthesis by using urine purine derivatives. It was not observed effect of coffee hull levels in the diet on total nitrogen intake (160 g/day) and nitrogen excretion in the urine (87.4 g/day). The inclusion of coffee hull in the diet linearly increased nitrogen excretion in feces, as well as nitrogen balance. There was linear reduction in urinary excretion of allantoin, in total purine derivative and absorbed purine, which reduced 0.715, 0.873, and 0.954 mmol/day to each coffee hull unity added to the concentrate, respectively. Coffee hull altered microbial protein synthesis, which reduced in 0.687 g/day to each coffee hull unity added to the concentrate. Reduction in microbial protein synthesis can reduce weight gain in heifers fed coffee hulls.

scholarly journals Performance and intestinal development of chicks submitted to different rations and different types of incubation

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-161
Author(s):  
Eliete Souza Santana ◽  
José Neto Cassiano de Camargo ◽  
Michele Laboissière ◽  
Roberto Moraes Jardim Filho
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Intestinal Development ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Processing

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of two types of incubation and two types of feeding on the performance of chickens and intestinal development of chicks during the pre-starter phase (1 to 7 days of age). One-year-old male Ross® chicks were used. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design, in a 2x2 factorial design, with two types of feed processing (bran and micropelleted) and two types of incubation machines (single and multiple stage), totaling four treatments, with four treatment repetitions each. Twelve birds per experimental unit were used, totaling 192 animals. Performance evaluations were conducted, such as mean weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, bowel weight and size, and percentage of intestine in relation to live weight. Histomorphometric tests on the height of the villi and depth of the duodenal crypts were also performed. The two incubation machines did not influence any of the analyzed variables. Even though both had the same composition, the micropelleted feed resulted in positive gains for the performance variables: average weight, weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion when compared to the meal, but was unable to significantly influence the morphometric measurements of the duodenum of chicks in the pre-starter phase.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE UTILIZATION OF COOKED SOYBEANS AND FISHMEAL-GROUNDNUT CAKE MIXTURE IN DIETS

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-149
Author(s):  
J. A. Agunbiade ◽  
A. B. Odufuwa
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Groundnut Cake ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Methionine Supplementation ◽  
Dietary Treatments

A 4 week experiment involving 45 growing albino rats was carried out to assess the nutritional utilization of cooked full-fat soybean (CFFS) as a major source of dietary protein relative to that of the protein concentrates fishmeal-groundnut cake mixture and the response to supplementation of the cooked soybeans with 2g DL-methionine/kg diet and/or 2g L-lysine/kg diet. Feed intake (FI), average daily weight gain (DLG),. feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and feed cost (FC) per unit live-weight gain, (FC/WG) were measured, No significant effect of the various dietary treatments was observed on PER and FCIWG. However, the incorporation of CFFS either alone or in conjunction with either of both lysine and methionine significantly improved Fl and FCR (P< 0.05) and also DLG (P< 0.01) over the control fish-groundnut meal ration. Supplementation of CFFS with lysine either alone or along with methionine appeared unwarranted as methionine supplementation alone resulted in similar or slightly better efficiency of protein (0.247) and overall feed (0.596) utilization. From the results obtained, it appears that maize-based CFFS diet supplemented with 2 g/kg DL-methionine may be applicable for lion- ruminant feeding. However, since this level of methionine supplementation only provides for 67% of rat requirement, it is suggested that further studies with higher methionine levels be conducted.

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