Frequency of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus in Hypothyroid Patients: A study in Peshawar

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2574-2575
Author(s):  
Pervez Muhammad ◽  
Muhammad Tariq ◽  
Nawabzada Khan ◽  
Sajjad Muhammad ◽  
Akhtar Munir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Variable Intensity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients

Aim: To assess the frequency of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in hypothyroid patients. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Union council (UC) Zargar Abad, District Peshawar for a period of six months. Sample size was 200 patients and technique used was convenient random sampling. Results: In hypothyroid cases, 200 cases were selected. Female were 40 and male were 160. They were divided into three groups i.e. 18-28 years, 29-40 yrs and 41-50 yrs. Maximum subjects fall in the age group of 29-40 years. In this group 100 were male and 20 were female. BMI of this group was notably higher than the other age groups. Out of 200 subjects 83 had hypertension of variable intensity. 60 male patients had hypertension and 23 female patients had hypertension. Out of 160 male subjects 42% had hypertension and 57% had hypertension. Conclusion: There is an association of hypertension and DM in hypothyroid patients. Keywords: Hypothyroidism, DM, Hypertension

Perfil Epidemiológico de Pacientes Renais Crônicos em Tratamento Conservador em um Hospital Escola do Sul de Minas/ Epidemiological Profile of Chronic Renal Failure Patients on Conservative Treatment in a Hospital in Southern School of Minas

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-60
Author(s):  
Camila Dorilêo Negretti ◽  
Pablo Girardeli Mendonça Mesquita ◽  
Nilo César do Vale Baracho
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Keywords Epidemiology ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Grade Iii

Objetivo: Determinar o perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com Doença Renal Crônica em tratamento conservador no ambulatório do Hospital Escola de Itajubá. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo descritivo, de corte transversal, de abordagem quantitativa. Realizado com 171 pacientes atendidos em tratamento conservador no ambulatório de nefrologia no período de janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2013. A coleta objetivou caracterizar idade, sexo, raça, estado civil e procedência. Também foram avaliados dados do primeiro atendimento como: valores de ureia e creatinina, o grau de DRC, a etiologia e o número de retorno. Resultados: Dos doentes renais crônicos avaliados, 50,3% eram do sexo masculino, 88% da raça branca, 54,4% casados e a maioria (70,8%) possuía faixa etária prevalente >60 anos. A maioria dos atendidos, 98,5% pertence a microrregião de referência. Quanto a dados de primeira consulta, o diabetes mellitus foi a principal etiologia (38%). Os valores de ureia e creatinina acima da referência preconizada foi observado na maioria dos pacientes e o grau III de DRC em 31% dos casos. O número médio de retornos após a primeira consulta foi de três retornos em 25,13% dos pacientes. Conclusão: A pesquisa permitiu o conhecimento do perfil epidemiológico dos portadores de DRC em tratamento conservador. Os achados reforçam a necessidade de implementação de políticas voltadas para promoção e prevenção à saúde com divulgação de mais programas de controle para minimizar o surgimento de novos casos da DRC. Palavras-chave: Epidemiologia. Doença Renal Crônica. Tratamento. ABSTRACT.Objective: Determine the epidemiological profile of patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) on conservative treatment at the Hospital Escola de Itajubá. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study of quantitative approach. It was conducted with 171 patients who were treated in conservative treatment at the nephrology clinic from January 2012 to December 2013. The collection aimed to characterize age, sex, race, marital status and origin. We also evaluated data from the first service as: urea and creatinine values, the degree of CKD the etiology and the number of return. Results: Among the chronic renal patients evaluated, 50.3% were male, 88% Caucasian, 54.4% were married and the majority (70.8%) was the most prevalent age group> 60 years. Most of the patients 98.5% belong to micro region of reference. As the first appointment data, diabetes mellitus was the major cause (38%). The urea and creatinine values above the recommended reference was observed in the majority of patients and the DRC grade III in 31% of cases. The average number of returns after the fisrt visit was three return in 25.13% of patients. Conclusion: The research gave us the knowledge of the epidemiological profile of patients with CKD on dialysis. The findings reinforce the need to implement policies for health promotion and prevention with more disclosure of control programs to minimize the appearance of new cases of CKD. Keywords: Epidemiology. Chronic Kidney Disease.Treatment.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study on morbidity status among school going adolescents in Thiruvallur district, Tamil Nadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5201
Author(s):  
Sathish Dev D. ◽  
Sugantha Valli M. ◽  
Gnana Sezhian M. ◽  
Suganya E.
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Adolescents represent about 21.8 percent of India’s population. Various health risks with potentially life-threatening consequences become prominent in this age group. This study was undertaken with the objective to determine the morbidity profile of school going adolescents in Tamil Nadu.Methods: This descriptive, cross sectional study was planned and conducted from January 2016 to August 2017. The study population included 987 adolescent boys and girls aged between 10 to 19 years studying in high and higher secondary Government schools of Thiruvallur district of Tamil Nadu. Semi-structured questionnaire was used as data collection tool.Results: The mean age groups of this school going adolescent are 14.2 yrs. In the present study 583 (59%) of the study participants were affected by one or more morbidity condition. Among them, 395 (67.7%) were in the age group 10-14 years and 188 (32.2%) in the age group 15-19 years. 122 (21%) and 461 (79.1%) of male and female were affected respectively. In the present study, fever (21%) was the commonest reported morbidity followed by acute respiratory infection (15.7%) and acute gastrointestinal disease (13. 4%).Conclusions: This study shows that adolescents are prone to a wide range of morbidity conditions. Apart from respiratory and gastro intestinal diseases, reproductive tract infections and sexual health problems are important morbidities affecting this age group. There is strong need to sensitize health care practitioners at all levels, in both government and private sectors towards health problems in adolescent age groups.

scholarly journals Cross sectional study of bovine and avian tuberculosis in Bangladesh Livestock Reasearch Institute (BLRI) cattle farm

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-356
Author(s):  
Prokash Biswas ◽  
Md Bahanur Rahman ◽  
Sayra Tasnin Sharmy ◽  
Md Ferdousur Rahman Khan ◽  
Md Mizanur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Reaction ◽  
Mixed Infection ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cattle Farm ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Local Breed

The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of bovine and avian tuberculosis in cattle by using bovine and avian PPDs at Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI) Cattle Farm, Savar, Dhaka. Cattle of different breeds, ages and sexes (n=183) were tested using bovine and avian PPDs. In caudal Fold Tuberculin (CFT) test, 16 (8.74%) cases were showed positive reaction among 183 sample. The overall percentages of positive reactors to Comparative cervical tuberculin (CCT) test of bovine and avian tuberculosis were 7.10% and 1.64% respectively. An insignificant variation (P>0.05) on prevalence of bovine tuberculosis on different age group of cattle was observed. Age group >7 years showed a higher prevalence (10.91%) than those of other age groups. In CCT test, 7.55% and 4.17% positive reactors were found in female and male cattle respectively. The association between different breeds of the animal was found significant (P<0.05). The local breed showed higher prevalence (9.77%) than those of Red Chittagong and cross breed. The highest percentage (10.45%) of positive reactors in CCT test was recorded in milking cows than in dry cows (2.32%), heifer (9.52%) and calf (5.77%) were observed. Mixed infection (bovine and avian type of tuberculosis) was recorded 1.64%.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. September 2017, 3(3): 352-356

scholarly journals Cost of hospitalisation and length of stay due to hypoglycaemia in patients with diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 1847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdallah Y. Naser ◽  
Hassan Alwafi ◽  
Zahra Alsairafi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalisation Cost ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male Patients

Objective: This study aims to estimate the length of stay and hospitalisation cost of hypoglycaemia, and to identify determinants of variation in the length of stay and hospitalisation cost among individual patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus.  Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using inpatients records for patients with diabetes mellitus who had been hospitalised due to hypoglycaemic events in two private hospitals in Amman, Jordan between January 2009 and May 2017. All hospitalisation costs were inflated to the equivalent costs in 2017. Hospitalisation cost was estimated from the patient’s perspective in Jordanian dinars (JOD). Descriptive analyses and correlation between sociodemographic or clinical characteristics with the cost and length of stay were explored. Predictors of hypoglycaemic hospitalisation cost and length of stay were determined using logistic regression. Results: During the study period a total of 126 patients with diabetes mellitus were hospitalised due to an incident of hypoglycaemia. The mean patient age was 64.2 (SD=19.6) years; half were male. Patients admitted for hypoglycaemia stayed in hospital for a median duration of two days (IQR=2 days). The median cost of hospitalisation for hypoglycaemia was 163.2 JOD (USD 230.1) (IQR=216.3 JOD). We found that the Glasgow coma score was positively associated with length of stay (0.345, p=0.008), and older age was correlated with higher hospitalisation cost (0.207, p=0.02). Patients with a family history of diabetes had higher hospitalisation costs and longer duration of stay (0.306 and 0.275, p<0.05). In addition, being a male patient (0.394, p<0.05) and with an absence of smoking history was associated with longer duration of stay (0.456, p<0.01), but not with higher hospitalisation cost. Conclusions: Costs associated with the incidence of hypoglycaemic events are not low and constitute a large cost component of managing and treating diabetes mellitus. Male patients and patients having a family history of diabetes should receive extra care and education on the prevention of hypoglycaemic events, and a treatment de-intensification approach should be considered if necessary, so we can prevent its associated hospitalisation costs and length of stay.

scholarly journals Insulin Resistance and Hypogonadism

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Md Ruhul Amin ◽  
Md Faruque Pathan ◽  
AHM Aktaruzzaman ◽  
Nazmul Kabir Qureshi ◽  
Fahmida Akter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sedentary Life ◽  
Sedentary Life Style ◽  
Male Subjects

Backgound: The number of hypogonads is increasing day by day. It may be due to sedentary life style with increased obesity, increased tension or stressed lifestyle among all groups of populations. Visceral obesity is associated with insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus and also with hypogonadism. Objective: This study was carried out to determine the proportion of insulin resistance among male subjects with hypogonadism in different age groups along with status of erectile quality among diabetics and non diabetics. Materials and method: This cross sectional study among 161 adult male subjects aged ? 20 to ? 60 years were purposively selected from Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), Dhaka, Bangladesh between May 2009 to September 2010. Glycemic status and insulin resistance (by HOMA-R) were done and relevant history were documented. Results: The highest proportion (38.9%) of hypogonadism was in ? 50 years age group whereas highest proportion (39.6%) of the eugonads was in the age group of 40 to 49 years. More than half of the hypogonad subjects had weak erectile quality (54.0%) which were followed by absent erectile quality in 32.7% and 13.3% subjects had normal erectile quality. Among the eugonad subjects 41.7% had normal erectile quality, 41.6% subjects had weak erectile quality and 16.7% subjects had no erectile quality. More than ninety percent of the hypogonad subjects and about 60% of the eugonad subjects had insulin resistance. The average HOMA-R was more in the subjects with hypogonadism with diabetes which was highly significant (p-value < 0.001). Conclusion: Hypogonadism is associated with insulin resistance.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dmcj.v1i1.14968 Delta Med Col J. Jan 2013;1(1):3-7 

scholarly journals Sexual Dimorphism in Blood Pressure and Hypertension among Adult Parengi Porjas of Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
I. Arjun Rao ◽  
Adimoolam Chandrasekhar ◽  
Venugopal N. Pulamaghatta ◽  
Subal Das ◽  
Kaushik Bose
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group I

The present study investigated blood pressure levels as well as the prevalence of hypertension among adult Parengi Porja tribals of village Munchingput Mandalam, Visakhapatnam district, Andhra Pradesh, India. A cross-sectional study was used to collect data on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and pulse rate. A total of 137 adults (100 males and 37 females) were measured and classified into three age groups, that is, Gr-I: 23 to 32 years, Gr-II: 33 to 42 years, and Gr-III: ≥ 43 years. Negative significant sex difference in SBP among age group I (t=-2.409; P<0.05) was observed. Positive significant sex difference in DBP among age group I (t=2.545; P<0.05) was also observed. Significant age group difference was noticed for SBP (F=4.332; P<0.01) among males. Based on SBP, the prevalence of prehypertension and stage I hypertension in males was 25.0% and 5.0%, respectively. Similarly, in females the prevalence of prehypertension and stage I hypertension based on SBP was 32.4% and 5.4%, respectively. On the basis of DBP, the prevalence of stage I hypertension in males was 5.0%. Similarly, in females, the prevalence of stage I hypertension based on DBP was 5.4%. Our results suggest that females of this ethnic group were more prone to have prehypertension and stage I hypertension than males.

scholarly journals Anganwadi based nutritional survey of children in Attappadi

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
K. K. Rakesh Raju ◽  
V. T. Ajithkumar ◽  
T. P. Ashraf ◽  
A. Riyaz ◽  
N. C. Cherian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Peripheral Smear ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Two Age Groups

Background: Malnutrition and anaemia form major public health problems among the school age children, particularly in the developing countries.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among children between 6 months and 18 years, in randomly selected 25 Anganwadis of Attappadi area. Objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of anaemia and malnutrition among the children of Attappadi. Children were divided in to tribal and nontribal. Anthropometric measurements, haemoglobin estimation by cyanmethemoglobin method and peripheral smear examination were done.Results: 65.5% tribal and 54.1% non-tribal were anaemic. Among males 65.9% tribal and 56.4% non-tribal were anaemic. Among females 65.1% tribal and 52.6% nontribal were anaemic. In the age group less than 6 years, 9% tribal females, 8.9% nontribal females, 12% tribal males and 5.8% nontribal males were severely stunted. Above 6yrs it was 3.3% tribal females, 2.7% nontribal females, 2.4% tribal males and 7.4% nontribal males. In the age group less than 6 years, 12.5% tribal females, 3.9% nontribal females, 15.9% tribal males and 4.3% nontribal males had severe underweight. Above 6 years it was 8.3% tribal females, 0% non-tribal females, 19% tribal males and 3% non-tribal males.Conclusions: Anaemia and malnutrition are common among children of Attappadi. Tribal children are more affected than non-tribal children. Anaemia is more common among two age groups, less than 5 years and more than 11 years. Among females’ adolescent girls are more affected. Periodic assessment of growth parameters and early detection and treatment of anaemia are needed.

scholarly journals Knowledge of gestational diabetes mellitus among antenatal women in rural area of Maharashtra

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 4443
Author(s):  
Udaykiran U. Bhalge ◽  
Mukund D. Bhise ◽  
Anant A. Takalkar ◽  
Bhaskar S. Gaikwad
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Time ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a growing epidemiological problem. GDM is defined as glucose intolerance during pregnancy. Treatment of GDM is important to avoid maternal and fetal complication. The objective of this study is to assess the knowledge about gestational diabetes mellitus among antenatal mothers from rural area.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done among 193 antenatal mothers in rural hospital, Murud. A study was done between July 2018 to August 2018. A pretested questionnaire was used to assess knowledge about GDM among all antenatal mothers.Results: Among the participants, 48.19% were in the age group 21-25 years and 90.15% antenatal mothers were literate. 80% heard about diabetes mellitus and 38% mothers knows that diabetes can occur first time in pregnancy. Only 28.50% mothers heard about GDM from different source of information.Conclusions: The study shows average knowledge about gestational diabetes mellitus among antenatal mother.

scholarly journals HYPONATREMIA;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1647-1651
Author(s):  
Riaz Ahmed Javid ◽  
Ayesha Ghafoor ◽  
Ifrah Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Study Setting

Objectives: To find out the frequency of hyponatremia in cases of hepaticencephalopathy. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Department of Medicine DGKhan Hospital, DG Khan. Period: July 2016 to December 2016. Material and Methods: Total80 patients with hepatic encephalopathy either male or female were selected for this study.Hyponatremia was assessed in these selected patients. Results: Mean age of the patientswas 38.34 ± 11.140 years. Hyponatremia was found in 31 (39%) patients. Hyponatremia wasnoted in 13 (41.94%) patients of age group 18-36 years and 18 (36.73%) patients of age group37-55 years. Statistically insignificant association of hyponatremia with age was seen with pvalue 0.6467. Hyponatremia was found in 21 (40.38%) male patients and 10 (35.71%) femalepatients. But the difference of frequency of hyponatremia between male and female patients wasstatistically insignificant with p value 0.8109. Conclusion: Results of this study showed a higherpercentage of hyponatremia in patients with HE. Male were more victim of HE as compared tofemale but insignificant association of hyponatremia with gender is noted. Findings of presentstudy showed that there is insignificant association of hyponatremia with grade of HE, socioeconomicstatus, area of residence and age.

scholarly journals Dental caries and its association with present day dietary patterns: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 2138
Author(s):  
Vaibhav Munjal ◽  
Puneet Singh Talwar ◽  
Jagjit Singh ◽  
Mandeep Kumar ◽  
Ramandeep Gambhir
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Dental caries is a multifactorial disease with diet being one of the contributing factors. The influence of vegetarianism on the development of caries has scarcely been investigated in the past. Therefore, this study was done to evaluate the association of dental caries with frequency of sugar exposures and vegetarian / mixed diet.Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted among 2500 school children of 12 and 15 years age groups selected on the basis of simple random sampling from different schools of the city. Dental caries was recorded using Decayed, Missing and Filled teeth index (WHO modification, 1997) and correlated with the different dietary variables. Subjects were also segregated on the basis of diet: vegetarian and mixed. Statistical analysis was done using Student t-test and Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient.Results: The prevalence of dental caries in the 12 and 15 year age group of subjects consuming mixed diet was 83.36% and 86.47% respectively. It was lower in case of subjects on vegetarian diet. The correlation between DMFS and TSE, FSE and AMSE was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05) in the 12 year age-group. In the 15 year age-group the correlation of DMFS with TSE and LSE was also found to be statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusions: There was no statistically significant difference in dental caries status among subjects in both the groups (vegetarian and mixed). However, there was significant association between sugar exposures and dental caries among subjects of both the age-groups.

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