Light Microscopic Study on Possible Protective Effect of Vitamin E on Imatinib IHCV Dilatation in Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3185-3187
Author(s):  
Nighat Ara ◽  
Zahid Sarfaraz ◽  
Rifat Shamim ◽  
Zafar Iqbal ◽  
Farooq Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group Ii

Aim: To observe the changes in the caliber of hepatic central vein of Albino rats exposed to the oral administration of toxic doses of Imatinib and to assess the protective effect of vitamin E. Study design: Experimental study Place and duration of study: Department of Pharmacy, Peshawar Medical College Peshawar from 1st October 2015 to 31st March 2016. Methodology: Twenty four male Sprague-Dawley rats (150- 200g) were selected for this study and these rats were divided into three groups. Group 1 was control group, Group II received oral Imatinib solution (50 mg/kg/day) and Group III received Imatinib solution (50mg/kg/day) orally along with vitamin- E (500MG/kg/day) for 14 days. At the end of experiment central vein dilatation in liver tissue of rats were observed. Results: The increase in mean central vein dilatation in liver of group II were statistically significant (p=0.001) in comparison with the control. The mean central vein caliber of liver was decreased significantly in group III. Conclusion: The simultaneous use of vitamin E as an antioxidant with Imatinib can protect the toxic effects of the Imatinib on hepatic toxicity which includes central vein dilatation. Keywords: Imatinib mesylate, Hepatic tissue, Central vein dilatation, Vitamin E

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Morus Nigra Leaf Extract on Diazinon-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
Hina Majid ◽  
Salman Shahid ◽  
Sadia Shakeel ◽  
Mariam Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Yasoob Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Morus Nigra ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Diazinon is a globally used pesticide. Morus nigra (Black Mulberry) possesses flavonoids and phenols, which act as antioxidants. The objective of this study was to determine the possible protective effects of Morus nigra leaf extract on Diazinon-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Material and Method: It was an experimental study conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore. A total of 36 healthy male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups with 12 rats in each group. Group I was the control group. Group II was treated with 60 mg/kg body weight (bw) Diazinon daily for 4 weeks through orogastric intubation. Group III was treated with Diazinon 60 mg/kg bw daily along with 350 mg/kg bw of Morus nigra extract daily for 4 weeks through orogastric intubation. Blood samples were collected through cardiac puncture, for estimation of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels. Liver dissection was done, slides of the hepatic tissue were prepared and studied under light microscope. The histology of hepatocytes, portal lobule, portal vein and sinuosoids was observed. SPSS 20 was used for data analysis. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test was applied to establish difference among groups with P-value ≤0.05 considered as statistically significant. Results: Histology of Liver tissue in group I showed normal morphology while group II revealed hypertrophy and vacuolization of hepatocytes, congested central vein and sinusoids and presence of necrotic foci. These toxic effects were reversed by the co-administration of Diazinon with Morus nigra in group III which showed normal histology of the hepatic tissue. Similarly, Diazinon administration resulted in significant elevation of ALT and AST levels (P-value<0.05), while, Morus nigra resulted in a considerable decline in the levels of these enzymes (P-value <0.05). Conclusion: Morus nigra extract has hepatoprotective effects against liver toxicity induced by Diazinon.

scholarly journals Ameliorative effect of Alpha-tocopherol on E-cigarette liquid induced histomorphological changes in adrenal cortex of male Albino rats.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (04) ◽  
pp. 520-526
Author(s):  
Ali Ahmed ◽  
Mehreen Lashari ◽  
Muhammad Imran Bajwa ◽  
Jahanzaib Lashari ◽  
Syeda Sara Bano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Adrenal Cortex ◽  
Alpha Tocopherol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Group Ii

Objective: To study the ameliorative effect of Alpha-Tocopherol (Vitamin E) against E-cigarette induced histomorphalogical changes in adrenal cortex of male Albino rats. Study Design: Randomized Animal Control Trial. Setting: Department of Anatomy, Islamic International Medical College Rawalpindi in collaboration with National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad. Period: September 2018 to September 2019. Material & Methods: 30 adult male albino rats were divided in three groups having 10 rats each. Normal diet and distilled water was given to control group (Group I) including 10 rats, for 4 weeks. The Rats of Group II were injected E-cigarette liquid 0.5mg per kg body weight per day diluted in 500ul normal saline intraperitoneally for 4 weeks. The experimental rats in Group III, in addition to E-cigarette liquid also received Vitamin E, 100mg per kg body weight per day mixed in daily diet. Dissection of the animals was done after completion of 4 weeks and adrenal gland was removed for histological analysis. Data was recorded and analyzed in SPSS™ version 21. Results: Alpha-Tocopherol restored the quantitative changes induced by E-Cigarette liquid in adrenal cortex in Group III, which was increased in the rats of Group II who were injected E-Cigarette liquid. Among microscopic parameters Orientation of cells, sinusoidal dilatation was significantly reduced in all adrenal cortex zones by Alpha-Tocopherol in Group III animals. Conclusion: The current study demonstrated that Alpha-Tocopherol had an ameliorative effect on histological changes caused by E-cigarette liquid on adrenal cortex.

scholarly journals Differential Expression of CD3, TNF-α, and VEGF Induced by Olanzapine on the Spleen of Adult Male Albino Rats and the Possible Protective Role of Vitamin C

Biomedicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Sahar Youssef ◽  
Marwa Salah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
White Pulp ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Group Ii

Olanzapine is an antipsychotic drug effective in the treatment of stress-associated psychiatric illnesses, but its effect on the spleen remains unclear. Vitamin C is essential for the optimum function of the immune system. We aim to investigate the effect of Olanzapine on spleen structures and to assess the protective effect of vitamin C. Forty adult male albino rats were divided into four groups: group (I), a control; group (II), rats were given vitamin C at 40 mg/kg body weight; group (III), rats were given Olanzapine at 2 mg/kg body weight; and group (IV), rats were given vitamin C and Olanzapine at the same dose of group (II) and group (III) for one month. The hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) of the olanzapine treated group showed focal areas of cellular depletion and a decrease in the size of the white pulp. The red pulp was expanded and showed marked congestion and dilatation of blood sinusoids. Cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) was significantly reduced, however both tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were significantly higher. The administration of vitamin C repaired structural and immunohistochemical changes via increased CD3 and decreased TNF-α and VEGF. Therefore, the oxidative and the inflammatory pathways may be the possible mechanisms underlying olanzapine immunotoxicity. Vitamin C exerted immune modulator and antioxidant effects against olanzapine.

Protective effect of N-acetylcysteine, caffeic acid and vitamin E on doxorubicin hepatotoxicity

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 519-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Gokcimen ◽  
A. Cim ◽  
H.T. Tola ◽  
D. Bayram ◽  
A. Kocak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Central Vein ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Injection Group ◽  
Hepatocellular Damage ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to compare the possible protective effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), caffeic acid (CAPE) and vitamin E (Vit-E) on doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity. Thirty-two male Wistar albino rats, weighing between 250 and 350 g were supplied and randomly divided into five groups. Animals in study groups were pretreated with a single dose of doxorubicin (Dox), which was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.). Control group (Group I) was treated with intraperitoneal saline injection. Group II did not received any antioxidant agent after the injection. Group III and Group IV were given CAPE and intraperitoneal vitamin E injection for eight days, respectively. Group V received NAC for eight days. The study was finished after 10 days. Tissue samples were collected from all animals and histopathological examination was performed. There was statistically significant difference between the experiment groups and controls by means of mononuclear cell infiltration and diameters of hepatic sinusoid, terminal hepatic venule (central vein) and portal area (portal canal). Changes related with hepatocellular damage were more prominent, whereas there was no significant difference between Dox and NAC given groups histopathologically. It was observed that structural changes were regressed after CAPE administration. However, this recovery was more prominent in vitamin E given group. These findings suggest that Dox induced liver damage could be efficiently reversed by vitamin E administration. It has been found that CAPE, but not NAC has protective effects on Dox-induced hepatocellular damage. Human & Experimental Toxicology (2007) 26, 519—525

scholarly journals Effect of Sofosbuvir Administration and Its Withdrawal on the Submandibular Salivary Gland of Adult Male Albino Rats: A Histological and Ultra-Structural Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (23) ◽  
pp. 4101-4109
Author(s):  
Asmaa Mahmoud Abdeen ◽  
Tarik Essawy ◽  
Saher Sayed Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Submandibular Salivary Gland ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Histological Results

BACKGROUND: Sofosbuvir (SOF) was published in 2013 as a part of first-line treatments for hepatitis C virus (HCV); it has activity against all genotypes with extrahepatic adverse effects have recently arisen. AIM: Investigating sofosbuvir-induced alterations in the rat submandibular salivary gland (SMSG). METHODS: A group of 80 adult albino rats weighing about ± 150 gm were used in the experiment. The rats were divided into 3 groups: Group I (control group) received distilled water, Group II (experimental group) divided into 2 subgroups and received SOF 40 mg/kg/day dissolved in distilled water for 1 and 3 months and Group III (recovery group) allowed for 1 month of recovery after SOF withdrawal. All animals were sacrificed; the SMSG was dissected, and specimens were examined histologically and ultra-structurally. RESULTS: Compared to Group I, Group II subgroup (1) showed acinar and ductal vacuolisation, discontinuity of the epithelial lining associated with retained secretion and congested blood vessels. These changes were found to be exaggerated in the subgroup (2) accompanied by acinar and ductal shrinkage, interstitial oedema, haemorrhage, chronic inflammatory cells infiltration and loss of gland compactness. Amelioration of the histological changes was detected in Group III after SOF withdrawal. The ultrastructural examination confirmed the histological results. CONCLUSION: SOF had induced apparent alterations in the structure and ultrastructure of SMSG. The SOF-induced alterations were time-dependent, attributed mainly to mitochondrial toxicity and partially ameliorated by its withdrawal.  

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Terminalia Chebula Extract on Serum Total Protein against

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Tania Yeasmin ◽  
Kazi Shamima Akhter ◽  
Masud Imtiaz
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Terminalia Chebula ◽  
Serum Total Protein ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Total Protein Level ◽  
Serum Total Protein Level

Terminalia Chebula extract is used for regeneration of hepatic cells and protection of liver against damage due to its active component. This study aims to observe the protective effect of Terminalia Chebula against Paracetamol induced change of serum total protein level in Wister Albino rats. The study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College (DMC) during January 2013 to December 2013. A total number of 44 rats, age ranging from 90 to 120 days, weight between 150 to 200 gm (initial body weight) were selected for the study. After acclimatization for 14 days, they were divided into control groups and experimental groups. Before sacrifice, final body weights of all the rats were measured. then all the rats were sacrificed on 22nd day and then blood samples were collected. For assessment of liver function, serum total protein level was done by using standard laboratory kits. The mean serum total protein level was significantly (p<0.001) lower in paracetamol treated control group in comparison to those of baseline control group. Serum total protein level of all experimental groups were significantly (P<0.001) higher than Paracetamol treated control group. From the results of this study, it may be concluded that Terminalia Chebula may have some protective effect against Paracetamol induced liver damage in rats.Bangladesh Med J. 2017 Jan; 46 (1): 11-14

scholarly journals Inhibition of CaOx crystals by Neolamarckia cadamba: An in vivo approach

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.V Prathibhakumari ◽  
G. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Renal Calculi ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Group Vi ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group Ii

AbstractThe objective of the study was to find out the effectiveness of the methanol fruit extract of N. cadamba on calcium oxalate induced nephrolithiasis in wistar albino rats. Animals were divided into nine groups (n=4) in which group 1 as control, group II as antilithiatic control and group III as lithiatic control. Dose for the methanol fruit extract was selected for the study as 200 and 400mg/kg body weight of fruit extract. Group IV and V were considered as post treatment groups and group VI to IX were co treatment groups. Ethylene glycol in drinking water was given to group II - IX for the induction of renal calculi. All the stone forming constituents such as urea, uric acid and creatinine were reduced significantly (p<0.01) in the extract treated groups. Calcium, oxalate and phosphorous concentrations in kidney were found to be diminished by the supplementation of extract. ICP-MS analysis, Histopathology, microcrystal study and pizzalato’s staining confirmed the efficacy of the fruit extract. In conclusion, the results suggested that the fruit extract is endowed with the property of an antilithiatic drug.

scholarly journals Ameliorating Effect of Combined Cinnamon and Ginger Oils against the Neurotoxicity of Nicotine Administration on the Prefrontal Cortex of Adult Albino Rats: Immunohistochemical and Ultrastructural Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Medhat Taha ◽  
Mohie Mahmoud Ibrahim ◽  
Mamdouh Eldesoqui ◽  
Mohamed A. M. Iesa ◽  
Tourki A. S. Baokbah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Tissue Homogenate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Group Ii

Background: Nicotine is the active alkaloid in cigarettes. It was reported that tobacco smoking has many hazards; one of these hazards is the effect on the cognitive function of the prefrontal cortex. The aim of our study is to investigate the antioxidant effects of ginger, cinnamon oils, and their combination on morphological changes in the prefrontal cortex that were induced by nicotine. Materials and methods: Fifty adult male albino rats were divided into five groups: group I (control group), group II (nicotine), group III (nicotine + cinnamon), group IV (nicotine + ginger), and group V (nicotine + cinnamon + ginger). The coronal sections from the anterior part of the rat brain at the site of prefrontal cortex were examined by light microscope for (H&E and immunohistochemical staining with TNF-α and GFAP), while the ultrastructure morphology was examined by transmission electron microscopy. Levels of the oxidative stress markers (MDA, GSH) in the rats’ brain tissue homogenate were biochemically assessed. Results: Compared to the control group, the rats that were treated with nicotine (group II) showed a significant oxidative stress in the form of marked elevation of MDA and decrease in GSH, apoptotic changes especially in the pyramidal cells in the form of neuronal cell degeneration and pyknosis, and an elevation in the inflammatory marker TNF-α and GFAP expressions. These changes were observed to a lesser degree in rat group (III) and group (IV), while there was a marked improvement achieved by the combined usage of cinnamon and ginger oils, together compared to the nicotine group. Conclusions: Ginger and cinnamon are powerful antioxidants which ameliorate the degenerative and oxidative effects produced by nicotine on a rat’s prefrontal cortex.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF OBESTATIN ON PITUITARY GONADAL AXIS, LEPTIN AND MDA LEVELS IN OBESE SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 1061-65
Author(s):  
Nadia Latif ◽  
Amina Rasul ◽  
Sajid Ali ◽  
Rimsha Zia
Keyword(s):  
Obese Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Army Medical ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group I ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Obese Rats

Objective: To determine the effect of obestatin administration on FSH, LH, testosterone, leptin and MDA levels in obese Sprague Dawley Rats. Study Design: Laboratory based animal study. Place and Duration of Study: Physiology department, Army Medical College Rawalpindi, from Mar to Jun 2015. Methodology: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at Physiology Department Army medical college. Male healthy Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n–15 each) i.e. control group (group I) fed with normal pellet diet (NPD), obese group (group II) and obestatin treated obese group (group III) fed with high fat diet (HFD). After 10 weeks, group III was treated with obestatin (1nmol/100ml intraperitoneally). Blood samples were obtained by terminal intracardiac sampling for bioasssays of FSH, LH, testosterone, leptin and MDA by ELISA. Results: Obestatin supplementation in obese rats showed significant increase in LH levels (3.79 ± 0.05) and testosterone levels (2.07 ± 0.22) when compared to the non treated obese rats (2.19 ± 0.07) and (1.37 ± 0.15) respectively while significant decrease in leptin (3.85 ± 0.23) and MDA levels (1.62 ± 0.07) was observed when compared to the non-treated control groups (6.10 ± 1.18) and (1.95 ± 0.07) respectively. However, serum FSH levels remained unchanged among the treated and nontreated groups. Conclusion: Obestatin increases the testosterone levels by augmenting the pituitary gonadal axis through decrease in the oxidative stress and leptin levels in obese rats.

A Histological Study on the Effect of Dextrose Prolotherapy on Skeletal Muscle Injury in Adult Male Albino Rats

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman diaa eldeen ◽  
Azza Salah El Din Soliman ◽  
Rania Ahmed Salah El Din ◽  
George Fayek Barsoum Hanna ◽  
Shereen Adel Saad
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Muscle Injury ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Untreated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Muscle Injuries ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract Background Skeletal muscle injuries are one of the most common injuries occurring in sport medicine varies from 10% to 55% of all injuries. Phases of muscle injuries includes a series of complex stages including inflammation, regeneration and remodeling. Treatment of the injuries is based on conservative measures as rest, elevation, physical therapy and non steroidal anti-inflammatory medications. Many injection protocols have been proposed for the treatment of muscle lesions as corticosteroid injection. Recently prolotherapy appears to have a safety profile comparable with other injection procedures. Aim of the work The aim of the present work is to determine the efficacy of dextrose prolotherapy in treatment of skeletal muscle injury in adult male albino rats. Material and methods Sixty six adult male albino rats were used in the study. They were divided into control (group I) and experimental groups. Control group: rats were left without any intervention. The experimental group was group II that was divided into sham operated group in which skin incision was done in the left hindlimb without injury to gastrocnemius (group II`) and muscle injury group in which transverse cut injury across the midbelly of the gastrocnemius muscle of right hindlimb was done (group II``) and group III that was divided into lidocaine injected group in which skin incision in lefthindlimb was done without injury to gastrocnemius followed by injection of 0.3 ml 1% lidocaine was injected across the muscle (group III`) and muscle injury treated with dextrose prolotherapy group in which a transverse cut injury across the midbelly of gastrocnemius of right hindlimb was done followed by injection of 0.1 ml of dextrose prolotherapy of mixture of 0.1ml of 12.5% dextrose and 0.3 ml of 1% lidocaine (group III``). The animals were received 6 injections of lidocaine and dextrose prolotherapy at 5 days interval (starting from day 0 to day 25). In group II and III, muscle specimens were taken at 5,12 and 28 days and processed for light microscope Results Examination of Group II``A (5 days untreated group) showed intense infiltration of mononucleated inflammatory cells intermingling with dispersed myoblasts and macrophages. Group II`` B (12 days untreated group) showed regenerating myotubes intermingling with mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate and macrophages. Group II``C (28 days untreated group) showed some muscle fibers with peripherally elongated nuclei while others showed centrally vesicular ones. Examination of group III``A (5 day treated group with prolotherapy) showed longitudinal regenerating myofibers with multiple rows of internal vesiculated nuclei. Group III``B (12 days treated group) showed newly formed myofibers with incomplete striations together with well developed newly formed striated longitudinal muscle bundles with peripheral flattened nuclei, group III``C (28 days treated group) showed cross striated muscle fibers with the appearance of elongated vesicular nuclei. Conclusions dextrose prolotherapy was effective in soft tissue healing as it accelerated myoblast proliferation and differentiation

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