scholarly journals Flavonoids extracts from Psidium guajava, Vernonia amygdalina, and Azadiracta indica exhibited synergetic inhibitory activities against some food spoilage microorganisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Iyanuloluwa Oluwajobi ◽  
Adamu Yusuf Kabiru ◽  
Ali Audu Jigam
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Food Spoilage ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Spoilage Microorganisms

Background: Flavonoids from medicinal plants have been reported to be a possible alternative to synthetic drugs due to their antimicrobial activities. In the present study, flavonoids extracts from the leaves of Psidium guajava, Vernonia amygdalina, and Azadiracta indica were evaluated for antibacterial and anti-fungi activities against some microbial isolates from spoiled tomato fruit. Methodology: Food spoilage microorganisms were isolated from spoiled tomato fruit. Flavonoids were isolated from the leaves of P. guajava, V. amygdalina, and A. indica, and were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against the isolated microorganisms using standard protocols. Results: The flavonoids extract demonstrated dose-dependent antimicrobial activities. Flavonoids extracts from V. amygdalina exhibited an inhibitory effect on C. tropicalis, K. pneumonaie, M. roseus, and P. aeruginosa with maximum inhibition diameters (MID) of 17.00±0.05, 25.00±0.45, 15.00±0.05, and 16.00±0.34 mm while the flavonoids from P. guajava exhibited inhibitory effects on the same organism with MID of 15.00±0.05, 14.00±0.10, 16.00±0.55, 15.00±0.43 and 14.00±0.05 mm respectively, while the flavonoids extract from A. indica exhibited the least activity on the bacteria and fungi isolates. Results of the MICs and MBC revealed that the gram-positive bacteria tested (M. roseus & S. faecalis) were more susceptible to inhibition by the flavonoids extract of the plants. The combination of total flavonoids from leaves of P. guajava and V. amygdalina exhibited higher and synergetic antimicrobial activities against all the tested organisms when compared with individual flavonoids extracts. This combination could serve as a potential source of novel antimicrobial agents for food industry.

scholarly journals Study on the Inhibitory Activity of a Synthetic Defensin Derived from Barley Endosperm against Common Food Spoilage Yeast

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Laila N. Shwaiki ◽  
Aylin W. Sahin ◽  
Elke K. Arendt
Keyword(s):  
Apple Juice ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Food Spoilage ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Barley Endosperm ◽  
Spoilage Yeast ◽  
Spoilage Yeasts ◽  
Spoilage Microorganisms

In the food industry, food spoilage is a real issue that can lead to a significant amount of waste. Although current preservation techniques are being applied to reduce the occurrence of spoilage microorganisms, the problem persists. Food spoilage yeast are part of this dilemma, with common spoilers such as Zygosaccharomyces, Kluyveromyces, Debaryomyces and Saccharomyces frequently encountered. Antimicrobial peptides derived from plants have risen in popularity due to their ability to reduce spoilage. This study examines the potential application of a synthetic defensin peptide derived from barley endosperm. Its inhibitory effect against common spoilage yeasts, its mechanisms of action (membrane permeabilisation and overproduction of reactive oxygen species), and its stability in different conditions were characterised. The safety of the peptide was evaluated through a haemolysis and cytotoxicity assay, and no adverse effects were found. Both assays were performed to understand the effect of the peptide if it were to be consumed. Its ability to be degraded by a digestive enzyme was also examined for its safety. Finally, the peptide was successfully applied to different beverages and maintained the same inhibitory effects in apple juice as was observed in the antiyeast assays, providing further support for its application in food preservation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Buforin I and Nisin and the Synergistic Effect of Their Combination as a Novel Antimicrobial Preservative

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (11) ◽  
pp. 2018-2025 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAHAR ROSHANAK ◽  
FAKHRI SHAHIDI ◽  
FARIDEH TABATABAEI YAZDI ◽  
ALI JAVADMANESH ◽  
JEBRAEIL MOVAFFAGH
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Food Spoilage ◽  
Food Preservatives ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Spoilage Microorganisms

ABSTRACT One of the most effective methods for increasing the antimicrobial activity of a substance is to combine it with one or more other antimicrobial agents. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of buforin I and nisin alone and investigate the synergistic action of these compounds against the most important food spoilage microorganisms, including Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Listeria innocua, Escherichia coli, Salmonella serovar Enteritidis, Aspergillus oryzae, Rhodotorula glutinis, and Geotrichum candidum. The results of MIC and MBC or minimum fungicidal concentration examinations showed that buforin I had higher antimicrobial activity than nisin on all microbial strains used in this study (P ≤ 0.5). E. coli was the most resistant to both antimicrobial agents, whereas L. innocua and S. epidermidis were the most sensitive to nisin and buforin I, respectively. The results of synergistic interaction between buforin I and nisin indicated that the combination of buforin I and nisin on B. subtilis, S. epidermidis, and A. oryzae showed a synergistic effect, whereas it had no effect on Salmonella serovar Enteritidis and G. candidum. The combination of buforin I and nisin showed a partial synergistic effect on L. innocua, E. coli, and R. glutinis. Assessment of viability of the microorganisms under the antimicrobial agents alone and in combination with each other at MICs and fraction inhibitory concentrations indicated that use of these antimicrobial agents in combination enhances antimicrobial activity at lower concentrations of both agents. The present study investigated the antimicrobial properties of buforin I against food spoilage microorganisms for the first time and suggests that its use alone or with nisin may provide a clear horizon for the application of antimicrobial peptides as natural preservatives. Thus, the combination of antimicrobial peptides and traditional antimicrobial food preservatives could be a promising option for the prevention of contamination, spoilage, and infestation of food and beverage products. HIGHLIGHTS

scholarly journals A Review on Antibacterial, Antiviral, and Antifungal Activity of Curcumin

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheil Zorofchian Moghadamtousi ◽  
Habsah Abdul Kadir ◽  
Pouya Hassandarvish ◽  
Hassan Tajik ◽  
Sazaly Abubakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Polyphenolic Compound ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Chemical Derivatives ◽  
Antimicrobial Studies

Curcuma longaL. (Zingiberaceae family) and its polyphenolic compound curcumin have been subjected to a variety of antimicrobial investigations due to extensive traditional uses and low side effects. Antimicrobial activities for curcumin and rhizome extract ofC. longaagainst different bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites have been reported. The promising results for antimicrobial activity of curcumin made it a good candidate to enhance the inhibitory effect of existing antimicrobial agents through synergism. Indeed, different investigations have been done to increase the antimicrobial activity of curcumin, including synthesis of different chemical derivatives to increase its water solubility as well ass cell up take of curcumin. This review aims to summarize previous antimicrobial studies of curcumin towards its application in the future studies as a natural antimicrobial agent.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Rice (Oriza Sativa. L.) Pedicle extract (In Vitro)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Bahar Ahmadi ◽  
Aazam Aarabi
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Oriza Sativa

In this study, rice pedicle extracts (Oriza sativa. L.)  were obtained by high pressure reactor using water, and sodium hydroxide at temperatures of 70, 90, 110 130 °C.  The extracts were evaluated for total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and growth inhibition of Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. Their results were compared to Soxhlet extraction by using ethanol (95%v/v). The results showed that the use of different temperatures had a significant effect on the percentage of phenolic compounds, and the alkali method had a significant effect on the amount of phenolic compounds rather than water extraction (128.72 and 51.79 GA/g, respectively). The highest antimicrobial activity levels were obtained in ethanol extracts that the extracts have inhibitory effect on E. coli. None of extracts had inhibitory effect on Candida albicans. The results provided the evidence that the studied rice (Oriza sativa. L.) pedicle extract might be potential sources of phenolic compound, natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agents.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Importance of Medicinal Plants in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Harriet U. Ugboko ◽  
Obinna C. Nwinyi ◽  
Solomon U. Oranusi ◽  
Toluwase H. Fatoki ◽  
Conrad A. Omonhinmin
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Joint Research

Despite the success of antibiotic discovery, infectious diseases remain the second leading source of death worldwide, while the resistance to antibiotics is among the significant problems in the twenty-first century. Medicinal plants are very rich in phytochemicals which can be structurally optimized and processed into new drugs. Nigeria enjoys a diverse collection of medicinal plants, and joint research has ascertained the efficacy of these plants. Plants such as guava (Psidium guajava), ginger (Zingiber officinale), neem (Azadirachta indica), and moringa (Moringa oleifera) have been found to exhibit broad range of antimicrobial activities. Studies on Nigerian plants have shown that they contain alkaloids, polyphenols, terpenes, glycosides, and others with possible therapeutic potentials. The antimicrobial activities of some new compounds such as alloeudesmenol, hanocokinoside, orosunol, and 8-demethylorosunol, identified from medicinal plants in Nigeria, are not yet explored. Further investigation and optimization of these compounds will facilitate the development of new sets of pharmacologically acceptable antimicrobial agents. This review study revealed the efficacy of medicinal plants as an alternative therapy in combating and curtailing the development and survival of multidrug-resistant pathogens coupled with the toxic effects of some antibiotics. Due to enormous therapeutic possibilities buried in medicinal plants, there is a need for more research into unique fingerprints and novel compounds that can provide cure to the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) of humans and animals facing Africa, especially Nigeria.

Biocontrol of Food Spoilage Microorganisms using Leaf extracts from Magnifera indica (Mango) and Psidium guajava (Guava).

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
F.O. Oseghale ◽  
K.A. Fasina ◽  
A. Ohifueme ◽  
J. Omoruyi
Keyword(s):  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Penicillium Oxalicum ◽  
Potassium Sorbate ◽  
Food Spoilage ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Guava Leaves ◽  
Guava Leaf ◽  
Spoilage Microorganisms

The shelf life of processed food is greatly reduced by spoilage microorganisms, which has resulted in great losses to food processors, wholesalers, retailers and even consumers. This study was aimed at controlling food spoilage microorganisms using leaf extracts from mango and guava. Fried meat (beef, chicken, grass-cutter, and goat meat), fried fish and fresh bread were purchased from Benin City, and left to spoil, after which spoilage organisms were isolated, identified and characterized using standard microbiological techniques. Mango and guava leaf extracts (ethanolic and aqueous), with Potassium sorbate and sodium nitrite was used. Significant highest (<0.05) (15.67±0.88 mg/ml) antibacterial activity of Mango leaf extract was recorded against Escherichia coli, and significant highest (<0.05) antifungal activity (19.67±0.33) was recorded against Penicillium oxalicum. Ethanolic leaf extracts of mango had better MICs (6.25 mg/ml) against E. coli tested than guava (25 mg/ml). In addition, ethanolic leaf extracts from Mango did not have any effect on Bacillus polymyxa. This study suggests that extracts from Mango and Guava leaves can be explored for controlling spoilage organisms; however, ethanolic extracts are more potent than aqueous extracts.

scholarly journals Cholinesterase and microbial inhibitory activities of Tetrapleura tetraptera

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-163
Author(s):  
N. E. Okoronkwo ◽  
J. O. Echeme
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Tetrapleura Tetraptera ◽  
Inhibitory Activities

The cholinesterase and microbial inhibitory activities of different parts of Tetrapleura tetraptera plant were evaluated due to their local applications. The cholinesterase results revealed that the extracts showed some levels of inhibitory effects depending on the solvents used. Tetrapleura tetraptera leaves had better inhibitory effects with maximum inhibitory activity of 70.0% at a concentration of 1.00mg/l for the water extract. Tetrapleura tetraptera bark showed highest inhibitory effect of 71.05% and (84.34%) for the ethanol and chloroform extracts at concentrations of 0.5mg/l and 1.0 mg/l respectively. While for petroleum ether, T. tetraptera bark recorded 74.34% inhibitory effect at concentration of 2.0 mg/l and also showed continuous increase in inhibitory activity as the concentration increases for aqueous methanol. The results of the antimicrobial activities showed that among all the test organisms, theethanol and water extracts of the leaves, stem, bark and root of the plants had promising activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia bacteria and Aspergillus fumigatus and Rhizopus species fungi. There was no activity shown by the ethanol and water extracts ofthe parts of the plants with Fugarium oxysporum, Penicillium chrysogenum and Mucor species fungi. The bacteria strains were more sensitive to the tested extracts than the fungi strains.

scholarly journals The Antimicrobial Activities of Psidium guajava and Juglans regia Leaf Extracts to Acne-Developing Organisms

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (02) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadi Qa'dan ◽  
Abdul-Jalil Thewaini ◽  
Dalia A. Ali ◽  
Rana Afifi ◽  
Abdalla Elkhawad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition

This study aims to present the in vitro inhibitory effect of Psidium guajava and Juglans regia leaf extracts on the main developer of acne lesions, Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), and other organisms that are isolated from acne lesions. Thirty-eight subjects (males and females) who had various types of acne were enrolled in the study. The contents of the acne lesions were cultured and the frequency of P. acnes (alone and with Staphylococci spp.) was 47%, whereas the frequencies for Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis were 13% and 24%, respectively. The antimicrobial activities of Psidium guajava and Juglans regia leaf extracts, determined by disk diffusion method (zone of inhibition), were compared to tea tree oil (TTO), doxycycline and clindamycin antibiotics. The zones of inhibition due to the Psidium guajava and Juglans regia leaf extracts ranged from 15.8–17.6 mm against P. acnes, 11.3–15.7 mm against S. aureus and 12.9–15.5 mm against S. epidermidis, respectively. These zones of inhibition were significantly higher than those of TTO and equivalent in case of Staphylococci spp., but less in case of P. acnes, to those obtained from doxycycline or clindamycin. It can be concluded that Psidium guajava and Juglans regia leaf extracts may be beneficial in treating acne especially when they are known to have anti-inflammatory activities.

Preliminary in Vitro Investigations on The Inhibitory Activity of The Original Dietary Supplement Oxidal® on Pathogenic Bacterial Strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
Prof. Teodora P. Popova ◽  
Toshka Petrova ◽  
Ignat Ignatov ◽  
Stoil Karadzhov
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Microbial Strains

The antimicrobial action of the dietary supplement Oxidal® was tested using the classic Bauer and Kirby agar-gel diffusion method. Clinical and reference strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were used in the studies. The tested dietary supplement showed a well-pronounced inhibitory effect against the microbial strains commensurable with that of the broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic agent Enrofloxacin and showed even higher activity than the broad spectrum antibiotic Thiamphenicol. The proven inhibitory effect of the tested dietary supplement against the examined pathogenic bacteria is in accordance with the established clinical effectiveness standards for antimicrobial agents.

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