scholarly journals Performance and nutritional parameters of lactating cows on pasture receiving castor bean meal

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2619
Author(s):  
Dicastro Dias de Souza ◽  
Fabiano Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Robério Rodrigues Silva ◽  
Antonio Ferraz Porto Junior ◽  
Leidiane Reis Pimentel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Fecal Output ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Bean Meal ◽  
Different Levels

This study aimed to evaluate the inclusion of castor bean meal in the diet for lactating cows on Bracharia brizhanta pasture and its implications for nutritional and productive parameters. Eight crossbred cows were distributed in two 4 x 4 Latin squares, with four (0%; 3.33%; 6.66% and 10%) inclusion levels of castor bean meal in the total diet. The experiment consisted of four experimental periods of 21 days each. The digestibility and dry matter intake were estimated from fecal output, checked with the aid of external (chromium oxide) and internal (iNDF) indicators. Urine and milk were collected to determine the nitrogen balance and microbial protein production. The inclusion of different levels of castor bean meal in the diet for lactating cows did not affect the intake of dry matter and nutrients, and the same lack of effect was found for the digestibility of dry matter and total digestible nutrients, variation in body weight, milk production, chemical composition of milk, microbial production and nitrogen balance. The inclusion of up to 10% castor bean meal in the total diet did not influence productive parameters evaluated, and the use was conditioned to the price of castor bean meal.

scholarly journals Performance and nutritional parameters of lactating cows on pasture receiving castor bean meal

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2619
Author(s):  
Dicastro Dias de Souza ◽  
Fabiano Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Robério Rodrigues Silva ◽  
Antonio Ferraz Porto Junior ◽  
Leidiane Reis Pimentel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Fecal Output ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Bean Meal ◽  
Different Levels

This study aimed to evaluate the inclusion of castor bean meal in the diet for lactating cows on Bracharia brizhanta pasture and its implications for nutritional and productive parameters. Eight crossbred cows were distributed in two 4 x 4 Latin squares, with four (0%; 3.33%; 6.66% and 10%) inclusion levels of castor bean meal in the total diet. The experiment consisted of four experimental periods of 21 days each. The digestibility and dry matter intake were estimated from fecal output, checked with the aid of external (chromium oxide) and internal (iNDF) indicators. Urine and milk were collected to determine the nitrogen balance and microbial protein production. The inclusion of different levels of castor bean meal in the diet for lactating cows did not affect the intake of dry matter and nutrients, and the same lack of effect was found for the digestibility of dry matter and total digestible nutrients, variation in body weight, milk production, chemical composition of milk, microbial production and nitrogen balance. The inclusion of up to 10% castor bean meal in the total diet did not influence productive parameters evaluated, and the use was conditioned to the price of castor bean meal.

scholarly journals Feeding behavior of dairy cows on pasture fed detoxicated castor meal in the diet

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 4255
Author(s):  
Antonio Ferraz Porto Junior ◽  
Fabiano Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Robério Rodrigues Silva ◽  
Alex Schio Resende ◽  
Dicastro Dias de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Average Production ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens ◽  
Castor Meal ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Average Body

This study evaluated the feeding behavior of lactating cows on pasture of Brachiaria (Urochloa) decumbens fed with concentrate supplementation containing different levels of castor meal inclusion treated with calcium hydroxide Ca (OH) 2, in the proportions of 0; 3.3; 6.6 to 10% of the total diet. Eight cows (degree of blood ½ to ¾ Holstein x Zebu), with previous average production of 3000-4000 kg adjusted to 300 days of lactation and average body weight of 465.16 kg ± 65.45 kg were distributed in two 4 x 4 Latin squares. The behavior was assessed every five minutes for 24 hours on the 21st day of each period. The results were tested by analysis of variance and regression at p < 0.05 probability. The time spent in grazing, rumination, idle and in the trough; total chewing time, number of cuds per day, chewing per day; chewing per cud; the number of periods of grazing, rumination, idle and in the trough; time spent by period of grazing, rumination, idle and in the trough were not different between treatments. The feed efficiency (g DM h-1; g NDFa h-1 and g TDN h-1) and time spent per cud ruminated TSR sec cud-1) were linearly reduced. It is recommended to include up to 10% castor meal treated with Ca (OH)2 in the total diet.

scholarly journals Economic viability of including palm kernel cake in diets for feedlot lactating cows

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leidiane Reis Pimentel ◽  
Fabiano Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Robério Rodrigues Silva ◽  
Alex Resende Schio ◽  
Eli Santana de Oliveira Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Palm Kernel Cake ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Zebu Cows

This study aimed to evaluate the inclusion of palm kernel cake in the diet for lactating crossbred cows in feedlot system, and its implications on economic viability. We used 12 crossbred Holstein x Zebu cows assigned to three 4 x 4 Latin Squares, in the following treatments: control (without inclusion of palm kernel cake in the diet); inclusion of 50, 100 or 150 g palm kernel cake (PKC) per kg in the total dry matter (TDM). Earnings per animal showed a reduction in values, this decrease in profitability is related to the increase in feed costs, specifically, and the costs with concentrate, which increased as the palm kernel cake was included in the treatments, 0, 50, 100 and 150 g kg-1 TDM. The effect observed for profitability affected the internal rate of return, which decreased with the inclusion of palm kernel cake levels in the diet. However, it was positive in all treatments, demonstrating the feasibility of investment in palm kernel cake. Data on the economic viability evidenced that treatment with 100 g palm kernel cake per kg TDM is the most financially viable under the conditions of this study. 

scholarly journals Feeding behavior of dairy cows fed different levels of castor meal in the diet

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2355
Author(s):  
Dicastro Dias de Souza ◽  
Fabiano Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Alex Resende Schio ◽  
Antonio Ferraz Porto Junior ◽  
Robério Rodrigues Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Maximum Point ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Grazing System ◽  
Castor Meal ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Average Body

This study aimed to evaluate the inclusion of castor meal in the diet of lactating cows in grazing system and its implications in feeding behavior. Eight Holstein x Zebu crossbred cows, with average milk production adjusted to 300 days in the previous lactation, between 5000 and 6000 kg and 100.33 ± 13.33 days of lactation and average body weight of 509.47 ± 61.90 kg, were distributed in two 4 x 4 Latin squares, with 4 levels of castor meal inclusion in the total diet, and using Brachiaria brizantha pasture as roughage. The experiment consisted of four experimental periods, lasting 21 days each. In each trial, the roughage and supplements were collected for evaluation of chemical composition. Animals were subjected to visual observation for evaluation of feeding behavior for 24 hours, from the 20th to the 21st day of each experimental period. The observations of the activities were recorded every five minutes. We determined the number of ruminating chews and the time spent in rumination of each ruminal bolus with the use of digital stopwatch. There was a quadratic effect for the grazing time with maximum point of inclusion of castor meal at 4.61% in the diet; other variables did not differ: rumination, idleness, trough, rumination efficiency, feeding and grazing time, rumination and idleness. Castor meal can be included in the diet with levels up to 10%, for little changes in the feeding behavior of animals.

THE EFFECT OF SODIUM BICARBONATE, SODIUM BICARBONATE PLUS MAGNESIUM OXIDE OR BENTONITE ON THE INTAKE OF CORN SILAGE BY LACTATING COWS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. FISHER ◽  
V. G. MacKAY
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Rumen Ph

Four trials, each employing 10 cows were designed as 2 × 2 latin squares, with each experimental period consisting of a 1-wk preliminary period and a 4-wk period for data collection. The objective of the experiments was to determine the effectiveness of either sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), NaHCO3 plus magnesium oxide (MgO) or bentonite as buffers when they were mixed with corn silage just prior to feeding. The treatments compared were: Trial I, control vs. NaHCO3 (180 g·cow−1·day−1); Trial II, control vs. bentonite (300 g·cow−1·day−1); Trial III, control vs. NaHCO3 (180 g·cow−1·day−1) plus magnesium oxide (MgO, 60 g·cow−1·day−1) and Trial IV, NaHCO3 (180 g·cow−1·day−1) vs. bentonite (300 g·cow−1·day−1). Silage dry matter intakes (SDMI) were 10.61 vs. 10.93 and milk yields were 26.6 vs. 29.3 kg/day for control vs. NaHCO3 in Trial I; 10.03 vs. 10.39, and 29.5 vs. 30.1 for control vs. bentonite in trial II; 10.62 vs. 10.69, and 23.6 vs. 24.7 for control vs. NaHCO3 + MgO in Trial III and 11.49 vs. 10.79, and 29.4 vs. 29.5 for NaHCO3 vs. bentonite in Trial IV. In the latter trial cows fed silage supplemented with bentonite had significantly lower milk fat and protein percentages and rumen pH compared to those supplemented with NaHCO3. Similarly in Trial II cows fed bentonite had lower rumen pH and milk protein percentage than the control cows. It was concluded the bentonite did not act as a buffer and was not beneficial when added to corn silage just prior to feeding. NaHCO3 improved milk yield in one trial and milk fat percentage but the degree of response did not warrant its routine use as a supplement to corn silage. Key words: NaHCO3, MgO, bentonite, corn silage, lactating cows, buffers

Licuri oil supplements for lactating cows on pasture

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano S. Lima ◽  
Ronaldo L. Oliveira ◽  
Américo F. Garcez Neto ◽  
Adriana R. Bagaldo ◽  
Claudilene L. Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Pasture Grass ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Effective Level ◽  
Carbohydrate Levels

Lima, L. S., Oliveira, R. L., Garcez Neto, A. F., Bagaldo, A. R., Abreu, C. L., Silva, T. M., Carvalho, S. T. and Bezerra, L. R. 2015. Licuri oil supplements for lactating cows on pasture. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 617–624. As licuri [Syagrus coronata (Martius) Beccari] oil can be a beneficial energy source in the diet of lactating cows managed on pasture, this study aimed to determine the most effective level of licuri oil in feed supplements. Sixteen Holstein×Zebu crossbreed lactating cows grazing on Tanzania (Panicum maximum) pasture grass were grouped into two 4×4 simultaneous Latin squares; there were four experimental periods of 21 d each, with 17 adaptation days and 4 d of data collection. The treatments were diets containing 0.0, 15.0, 30.0 or 45.0 g kg−1of licuri oil in concentrated dry matter. The intakes of dry matter, crude protein and non-fiber carbohydrate levels were not affected by the addition of licuri oil; however, the intake of neutral detergent fiber and total digestible nutrients decreased linearly. Neutral detergent fiber digestibility was reduced linearly with increasing levels of licuri oil in the concentrate. There were no changes in blood glucose levels, but blood urea nitrogen levels varied according to the time of the day when the blood was collected. Inclusion of licuri oil at 45.0 g kg−1in feed concentrates results in improved dry matter and ether extract digestibility.

ALFALFA SUPPLEMENTATION OF CORNCOB DIETS FOR SHEEP: EFFECT OF RUMINAL OR POSTRUMINAL SUPPLY OF PROTEIN ON INTAKE, DIGESTIBILITY, DIGESTA, PASSAGE AND LIVEWEIGHT CHANGES

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1075-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. NDLOVU ◽  
J. G. BUCHANAN-SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Soy Protein ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Fecal Output ◽  
Single Compartment Model ◽  
Digesta Passage

In trial 1, nine wethers (18 mo old; 50 kg liveweight) fitted with tubes inserted into the abomasum, were assigned to three 3 × 3 Latin squares to determine effects of supplementing a basal diet of ground corncobs with either alfalfa (30% of dry matter intake) or soy protein (60 g d−1 infused postruminally). In each period, following determination of effect of supplementation on intake, digestibility and digesta passage were determined, the latter by pulse dosing with chromium mordanted cell walls from cobs through the feed. Total dry matter intakes were increased (P < 0.05) from 780 g d−1 to 1143 g d−1 by the supplements with a corresponding improvement in liveweight gain, but there was no difference between supplements. Apparent digestibilities of dry matter, organic matter and cell wall were decreased (P < 0.05) by alfalfa supplementation but not by soy protein infusion; however, intakes of digestible energy were identical for both supplements. Relative to the basal diet, alfalfa increased digesta passage but not rumen fill whereas infusion of soy protein increased digesta fill in the rumen but not digesta passage. In trial 2, addition of soy protein directly to the basal diet resulted in an intake similar to alfalfa supplementation (1154 vs. 1262 g dry matter d−1 respectively). Fecal output, estimated using a single compartment model to describe digesta passage through the tract, yielded results similar to those obtained by total collection. Key words: Roughage (poor quality), abomasal infusion, chromium-mordanted cell walls, fecal output estimation

THE EFFECTS OF TOWER AND MIDAS RAPESEED MEALS ON MILK PRODUCTION AND CONCENTRATIONS OF GOITROGENS AND IODIDE IN MILK

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. LAARVELD ◽  
D. A. CHRISTENSEN ◽  
R. P. BROCKMAN
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
Digestible Crude Protein

Low glucosinolate Tower rapeseed meal (RSM), high glucosinolate Midas RSM and soybean meal (SBM) were compared in two separate 4 × 4 Latin squares with experimental periods of 35 days. Tower or Midas RSM was fed to lactating cows at 0, 5.7, 13.2 and 18.9% of the total diet (air-dry basis) and SBM was added to bring the protein level in the supplement for all diets to 18.9%. Replacement of SBM with Tower RSM resulted in a decrease (P < 0.01) in apparent digestibilities of crude protein and energy. Crude fiber and ether-extract digestibilities were not different. Daily digestible crude protein available decreased (P < 0.01) with higher levels of Tower RSM in the diet. Concentrations of thiocyanate in milk increased (P < 0.05) at all dietary levels of Tower and Midas RSM. RSM decreased (P < 0.05) the concentration of iodide in milk, with little effect due to Tower or Midas RSM or to level of RSM supplementation on the degree of milk iodide depression.

scholarly journals Kecernaan, Fermentabilitas dan Produksi Protein Mikrobia Secara In Vitro pada Complete Feed Berbasis Pelepah Sawit Fermentasi

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-199
Author(s):  
Limbang Kustiawan Nuswantara ◽  
Eko Pangestu ◽  
Sunarso Sunarso ◽  
Marry Christiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Palm Fronds ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACT. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui kualitas complete feed dengan level pelepah sawit fermentasi berdasarkan kecernaan bahan kering, bahan organik, produksi N-NH3, produksi volatile fatty acids (VFA) dan produksi biomassa protein mikrobia serta protein total secara in vitro. Materi yang digunakan adalah complete feed tersusun atas konsentrat dan pelepah sawit fermentasi dengan berbagai level yaitu 0, 10, 20 dan 30%. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan complete feed dengan level pelepah sawit fermentasi yang berbeda. Data diolah menggunakan sidik ragam yang dilanjutkan dengan uji beda wilayah berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa complete feed dengan level pelepah sawit fermentasi yang berbeda berpengaruh nyata (p0,05) terhadap kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik, produksi N-NH3, produksi VFA, dan produksi protein total, sedangkan pada biomassa protein mikrobia tidak terdapat perbedaan yang nyata (p0,05). Rata-rata nilai kecernaan bahan kering pada perlakuan T0, T1, T2 dan T3 adalah 69,59; 71,9; 69,05; dan 62,58%. Rata-rata nilai kecernaan bahan organik pada perlakuan T0, T1, T2 dan T3 adalah 63,59; 63,15; 65,50; 52,66 %. Rata-rata produksi VFA pada perlakuan T0, T1, T2 dan T3 sebesar 105,8; 142,7; 136,4; dan 135,7 mM. Rata-rata produksi NH3, biomassa protein mikrobia dan produksi protein total pada perlakuan T0, T1, T2 dan T3 berturut-turut adalah 6,48mM, 15,04mg/ml;, 34,10mg/g; 7,36mM, 15,75mg/ml, 23,72mg/g; 8,18mM, 12,59mg/ml, 33,72mg/g); dan 6,60mM, 15,31mg/ml, 40,80mg/g. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan pelepah sawit fermentasi dengan level 20% dalam complete feed menghasilkan produksi VFA, kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik yang cukup baik sehingga dapat menjadi pakan alternatif sumber serat pengganti rumput. (Digestibility, fermentability and in-vitro production of microbial protein on complete feed based on fermented palm frond) ABSTRAK. This study aimed to determine the quality of a complete feed containing fermented palm fronds based on the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, N-NH3, VFA, microbial protein biomass, and total protein in vitro. The material used was complete feed composed of concentrates and fermented palm fronds at various levels, i.e., 0, 10, 20, and 30%. The experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design (CRD) with four complete feed treatments containing different levels of fermented palm fronds. The data were processed using analysis of variance, followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. The results demonstrated that the complete feed with different levels of fermented palm fronds had a significant effect (p0.05) on the digestibility of dry matter and organic matter, N-NH3 production, essential fatty acids production, and total protein production, whereas there was no significant difference (p 0.05) on microbial protein biomass. The average dry matter and organic matter digestibility values of T0, T1, T2, and T3 treatments were 69.59; 63.59, 71.9; 63.15, 69.05; 65.50, and 62.58%; 52.66% respectively. The average production of volatile fatty acids of T0, T1, T2, and T3 treatments were 105.8; 142.7; 136.4; and 135.7 mM. respectively, while the average N-NH3 production, microbial protein biomass, and total protein production of the T0, T1, T2, and T3 treatments were 6.48, 7.36, 8.18, 6.60 mM; 15.04, 75, 12.59, 15.31 mg/ml; and 34.10, 23.72, 33.72, 40.80 mg/g. In conclusion, the use of fermented palm fronds at a 20% level in complete feed gave the best result in the production of volatile fatty acids, improved digestibility of dry matter, and organic matter, so it can be used as an alternative feed to replace grass fiber.

scholarly journals Feeding behavior of F1 Holstein x Zebu lactating cows fed increasing levels of banana peel

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 431
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto Silveira Pimentel ◽  
Vicente Ribeiro Rocha Júnior ◽  
Marco Túlio Parrela de Melo ◽  
Joyce Cipriana Pacheco Ramos ◽  
Lucas Gabriel Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Visual Observation ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Quadratic Effect ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Sorghum Silage

This study evaluated the feeding behavior of F1 Holstein x Zebu cows fed increasing levels of banana peel. Diets contained 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60% replacement of sorghum silage with banana peel. The experimental design was two 5x5 Latin squares. Cows were subjected to visual observation after adaptation of each trial period. The times spent in feeding (4.13 to 5.58 hours day-1) and in idle (10 to 12.53 hours day-1) presented quadratic effect. The time spent ruminating, number and duration of rumination periods, chews per cud, and numbers of cuds per day were not affected by treatments. The total chewing time showed a quadratic effect, with peak at 18.58% replacement. The banana peel levels did not affect consumption, rumination and chewing neutral detergent fiber. Intake, rumination and chewing of dry matter showed a decreasing linear effect. The replacement of sorghum silage with banana peel up to 60% in the diet for lactating cows reduces the time spent in feeding and improves feeding and rumination efficiencies of dry matter, keeping the milk production of cows. 

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