scholarly journals Production and Characterization of Thermoalkaliphilic Xylanase from Bacillus halodurans CM1 on Degumming Process of Ramie (Boehmeria nivea L.Gaud)Fiber as Textile Raw Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
DEWI NANDYAWATI ◽  
DEA INDRIANI ASTUTI ◽  
NIKNIK NURHAYATI ◽  
ASEP RISWOKO ◽  
IS HELIANTI
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Bacillus Halodurans ◽  
Ramie Fiber ◽  
Enzymatic Degumming ◽  
Degumming Process

Ramie fiber is a potential raw material to substitute imported raw materials such as cotton. Due to its higher hemicellulose content, ramie fiber required hydrolysis in a process called degumming. Enzymatic degumming is environmentally friendly compared to traditional process which using chemicals. Alkalithermophilic xylanase have high ability in hemicellulose hydrolysis. The production of xylanase was conducted by submerged fermentation of Bacillus halodurans CM1 in 20L bioreactor using Mamo and corncob medium with optimum conditions at 50°C, pH 9, 150 RPM and 1 vvm. The optimum specific activity of xylanase measured by Bailey method at 70°C and pH 9 is 475.41 U/mg. Xylanase was stable at 50°C, pH 9 and relatively stable to K+, Na2+, Co2+ and Ca2+ metal ions and Triton-X, Saba dan Tween-80 surfactants. Degumming process was carried out by immersing ramie fibers in formulated degumming solution with vlot 1:20 at 50°C, 150 RPM and 180 minutes. The enzymatic degumming process may substitute or reduce the use of chemicals due to its significant effect on ramie fiber quality. Enzymatic and chemical degumming process reduce the weight of Ramie Fiber to 7.23 %, and 7.72 %, slightly higher than enzymatic degumming 7.15%. Enzymatic degumming maintains tensile strength at 27.51 %. Whiteness index enhanced to 2.99% enzymatically and 3.49% chemically. Keywords: Bacillus halodurans CM1, enzymatic degumming, ramie fiber, textile industry, thermoalkaliphilic xylanase

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Biocompatibility of Cleaned Bovine Tendon in a Heterotopic Implantation Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 327-334
Author(s):  
Maksim Gurin ◽  
◽  
Aleksey Venediktov ◽  
Yuliya Glumskova ◽  
Kristina Korneeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Optimal Size ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Physical Treatment ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
Ligament Prosthesis ◽  
Implantation Model

Damage to the tendon-ligamentous apparatus places serious limitations on a personʼs physical activity. Injuries are especially common in physically healthy people leading an active lifestyle, such as athletes. To treat such injuries in orthopaedics and traumatology, autoplastic operations are performed or prostheses made of synthetic or biological materials are installed. The known treatment methods, in spite of their effectiveness, have a number of serious drawbacks, which often limit their use. Therefore, the search for new approaches and materials for plastic ligaments is an urgent task. Today, biotissue prostheses are accumulating advantages over their synthetic counterparts. The most promising raw material for biological ligament prostheses, due to its availability in the required quantity and optimal size, is the flexor and extensor calf tendons. This paper aimed to develop a method for treating xenogenic tendon to manufacture ligament prostheses and assessing its biocompatibility in a heterotopic implantation model. To manufacture a ligament prosthesis, the raw material was subjected to mechanical cleaning and chemical-physical treatment, as well as treatment with supercritical carbon dioxide fluid with the addition of the nonionic surfactant Tween 80, which together contributed to effective decellularization and removal of other biologically active components, while maintaining the physical and mechanical parameters and natural fiberarchitectonics of native raw materials. The biocompatible properties of ligament prosthesis specimens made from the flexor and extensor calf tendons using this method were evaluated in a model of heterotopic implantation into the subcutaneous adipose tissue of rats. The results obtained confirm the promising use of this material, treated according to the proposed method, in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Green degumming process of ramie fiber thermal effect and optimization

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 2447-2451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoliang Liu ◽  
Dan Tian ◽  
Bangze Zhou ◽  
Yumeng Zhang ◽  
Tao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Ramie Fiber ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Sodium Percarbonate ◽  
Ramie Fibers ◽  
Degumming Process ◽  
Environmentally Friendly Process

Ramie is a kind of natural fibers, it requires degumming process before it can be used as a raw material for various applications. The traditional treatment uses alkali, which is not an environmentally friendly process. In this paper, ramie fibers are degummed using sodium percarbonate, which causes no any negative environmental problems, and its decomposition, hydrogen peroxide, is a clear liquid, it can be used as an oxidizer, bleaching agent and antiseptics for surface treatment of ramie fibers. Effect of temperature and concentration of sodium percarbonate on the degumming process are studied theoretically and verified experimentally. Finally an optimal degumming process is suggested for maximal weight ratio of degummed ramie fiber to raw bast.

scholarly journals Potensi Pemanfaatan Serat Selulosa sebagai Material Bahan Baku dalam Sintesis Filter Udara Non-Woven sesuai Standar TAPPI T 205

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Irwan Suriaman ◽  
Mardiyati ◽  
Jooned Hendrarsakti ◽  
Ari Darmawan Pasek
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Ramie Fiber ◽  
Tropical Country ◽  
Materials Used

Industry 4.0 era materials used by entrepreneurs should be recycled, environmentally friendly, renewable with less chemical content. Indonesia as a tropical country has a large land area with the potential to produce the largest natural fiber in the world. One opportunity that can be applied to the utilization of natural fibers in air filters that currently use dominant materials is synthetic fibers. natural fiber has the advantage because it does not contain toxic chemicals, local raw materials, and is easily produced. This research will analyze the mechanical and morphological characteristics of biological fibers that have great potential as pre-filter raw material. Analysis of mechanical properties through tensile strength testing for single fibers and morphological analysis through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Tensile testing was the results are; palm oil has a tensile strength of 620 MPa; 998 MPa and 213 MPa flax coconut fiber. For the morphological test results from SEM analysis for ramie fiber, it looks solid without fiber holes; The fibers appear to be many small fibers bound to one another while coir fibers have many pore holes in one observed fiber.

Export Policy in Pakistan

1966 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Mallon
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Economies Of Scale ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Export Diversification ◽  
Export Policy ◽  
External Economy

One of the main objectives of Pakistan's export policy has been the promotion of exports of manufactured goods. This is an objective which many under¬developed, predominately primary-exporting countries have in common because of their interest in export diversification. The general arguments used to justify such a policy, e.g., improvement in the terms of trade and increased stability of export proceeds—will not, however, be discussed in this paper1. Attention will instead be focussed on the economic consequences of the specific measures adopted by Pakistan, namely, a combination of export duties and subsidies which discriminate in favour of processed goods and against raw materials. The fact that in Pakistan the chief beneficiaries of discrimination have been manufactures of jute and cotton, products which also constitute most of the country's raw material exports, facilitates the economic evaluation of this policy. It can thus be assumed that if jute and cotton were not exported as manufactures they could be exported in raw form, or in other words, that the problem con¬sists in selecting that combination of exports in raw and manufactured form which maximizes net foreign exchange earnings. Furthermore, the textile industry is not a very good case for applying the external economy argument (i.e., subsidies to industries which provide training to the labour force in new skills, etc.,) be¬cause the industry would exist in any case to supply the internal market, economies of scale are limited and the skills employed are fairly rudimentary. In the follow¬ing, all our discussion will be concentrated on the jute and cotton situation, the special problems of other manufacturing fall outside the scope of our analysis.

Production and processing of organically grown fiber nettle (Urtica dioica L.) and its potential use in the natural textile industry: A review

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.R. Vogl ◽  
A. Hartl
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Fiber Plant ◽  
Organically Grown ◽  
Biodynamic Agriculture ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Second World

AbstractIn Europe, the perennial stinging nettle was cultivated during the 19th century until the Second World War and has a long history as a fiber plant. Clone varieties dating back to the early 20th century are still maintained at European research institutions. The fiber content of clones ranges from 1.2 to 16% dry matter, and fiber yields range from 0.14 to 1.28 Mg ha−1. Varietal purity of fiber nettle can only be achieved by planting cuttings. The harvesting of fiber starts in the second year of growth and the crop may produce well for several years. Several agronomic practices influence fiber quality, but causal relations are not yet well understood. Various parts of the fiber nettle plant can be used as food, fodder and as raw material for different purposes in cosmetics, medicine, industry and biodynamic agriculture. Organically produced fibers are in demand by the green textile industry and show potential that is economically promising.

scholarly journals Ramie-degumming methodologies: A short review

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 155892502094010
Author(s):  
Lifeng Cheng ◽  
Shengwen Duan ◽  
Xiangyuan Feng ◽  
Ke Zheng ◽  
Qi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Fiber Spinning ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Fiber Properties ◽  
Ramie Fibers ◽  
Fiber Plant ◽  
Degumming Process

Ramie ( Boehmeria nivea L.), a perennial herb, is an important bast fiber plant. Its fiber with the advantages of attractive luster, high tenacity, enhanced strength, and good microbial resistivity is well known as the queen of natural fibers. The abundant cellulose fibers in ramie raw materials are stuck tightly by gums consisting of pectic substances, hemicelluloses, and little lignin. The gum should remove from the ramie raw material through degumming process to separate fibers, unveil unique fiber properties, and improve fiber-spinning ability to fulfill textile requirements. Low degumming efficiency and high environmental pollution are the major problems hindering the utilization of ramie fibers. Ramie degumming involves the degradation of pectin and hemicelluloses, which requires chemical, physical, biological treatment, or a combination of several treatments. No stereotyped parameters of the given degumming method have been yet established for the extraction of textile-grade ramie fibers. This review evaluated integrated methodology involving chemical, physical, biological and biochemical methods to degum raw ramie and obtain textile-grade refined fibers.

scholarly journals ManTool: Application as Manufacturing Tools for Resources Management based on GIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ika Arum Puspita
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Market Needs ◽  
The Right ◽  
Very High

Competition in the textile industry is very high. Companies must be able to meet market needs by producing goods according to demand. In producing an item, it is necessary to design the amount of raw material required. This study aims to publish geographic information system (GIS) based application design as a tool in resource management. This application is named ManTool. ManTool can provide a reminder when raw material stocks run out. With this system, the company can order raw materials, and the production system continues to run well. This system is designed based on a Geographical Information System (GIS), it is easier for companies to determine which supplier of raw materials to choose. The method of making this system is by using the waterfall method. This method produces the right system because each stage is identified sequentially. The result of this research is a geographic information system-based application. With this application, the company will get a notification when the raw material runs out, and the company will get the right supplier's recommendation to buy raw material.

scholarly journals Recycling of cellulose from vegetable fiber waste for sustainable industrial applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (01) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERDOGAN UMIT HALIS ◽  
DURAN HICRAN ◽  
SELLI FIGEN
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Acid Extraction ◽  
Vegetable Fibers ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Vegetable Fiber

Recently two significant topics that became important for textile industry namely ‘providing sustainability by reusing of textile wastes’ and ‘developing high-valued new textile raw materials. Cellulose, which is a fascinating polymer, has been used for years as a raw material to obtain various products such as papers, fibers and films. In this study, it is aimed to provide sustainability with recycling of cellulose from waste jute fibers, considering the amount of waste jute weft yarns released in the production process of machine carpets. For this purpose, pre-cleaning of waste fibers was carried out at first, and then extraction of cellulose was accomplished, and finally characterization of recycled cellulose was performed. Organic acid extraction method was effective for isolation of cellulose from waste fibers with 43.65% yield performance. Microscopic and experimental analyses confirmed that non-cellulosic part of waste fibers were removed successfully and recycled cellulose has similar structure with control cellulose. Our results suggest that, waste vegetable fibers can be used as a potential source for cellulose. Recycled cellulose can be used in the production of paper, composites, regenerated cellulose fibers and other industrial applications.

scholarly journals Perencanaan dan Pengendalian Bahan Baku Sarung Batik (Studi Kasus CV. Mitra Setia Usaha)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-30
Author(s):  
Debby Malinda ◽  
Tita Talitha ◽  
Jazuli Jazuli
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Business Partners ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Material Requirement ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control

Planning and controlling the needs of both raw materials and finished products is a significant thing for companies to optimize their production. This also applies to CV. Mitra Setia Usaha that  engaged in the textile industry with raw materials batik cloth. During this time, CV. Mitra Setia Usaha has not applied standard methods in the planning and control of raw material needs. Determination of the amount of raw materials so far only based on the number of consumer orders. In the last 2 (two years) (October 2014 to September 2016), the company received a request of 5.050,000 meters, but the existing supply of cotton fabric was only 4,920,500 meters. One of the methods that can be applied in the CV. Loyal Business Partners is the Material Requirement Planning (MRP). By applying this MRP-Lot for for lot (LFL) method, CV. Mitra Setia Usaha able to reduce the cost incurred in the procurement of raw materials for one year which initially amounted to 104.328.000 rupiah to 93.817.673 rupiah and can even be reduced again to 83.306.995 rupiah using the method of Order Quantity Period (POQ)

scholarly journals How to deal with new challenges? Economic, technological and social aspects of the textile and clothing industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Ante Gavranovic
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Far East ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Clothing Industry ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
The Far East

Economic, financial and political development has strongly influenced on the textile industry, which accelerated the pace of change. In order to catch the pace it is necessary to take certain steps now or in the near future. The Far East countries record high economic growth, while other, mostly developed industrial countries growth has considerably declined. Consumer behaviour tends to restrain from purchasing of clothing products, raw material prices are growing and lack of raw materials on the market is noticeable. These trends are causing a certain amount of restlessness in the textile industry. The textile and clothing industry have their distinctive features visible in a manufacturing sector which dominantly depends on brand name firms that spread their business all over the world. Production mainly takes place in developing and fast growing countries, since their production destinations, working conditions and wages are most affordable. For example, about 90 % of clothing items sold in northern countries are produced in Eastern Europe or at the Far East. At the same time, in the northern countries, where most of clothing products are sold, manufacturing facilities of the clothing industry almost doesn’t exist.

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