scholarly journals RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENANAM BENIH PADI BERBASIS ARDUINO NANO

Foristek ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dody Chandra Kumara ◽  
Wirdha Wirdha ◽  
Jumaddil Khadir
Keyword(s):  
Rice Seed ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Rice Seeds ◽  
Agricultural Extensification

This research activity aims to facilitate farmers in the process of planting rice seeds in order to increase agricultural extensification. In this research we use the method of hardware progaming research. This tool is also operated wirelessly by the controller. After undergoing several stages, this research was successfully completed so that the rice seed planter was able to be used by farmers.

scholarly journals LAMP-based foldable microdevice platform for the rapid detection of Magnaporthe oryzae and Sarocladium oryzae in rice seed

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Prasannakumar ◽  
P. Buela Parivallal ◽  
Devanna Pramesh ◽  
H. B. Mahesh ◽  
Edwin Raj
Keyword(s):  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Lamp Assay ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Rice Seeds ◽  
Template Dna ◽  
Assay Conditions

AbstractRice blast (caused by Magnaporthe oryzae) and sheath rot diseases (caused by Sarocladium oryzae) are the most predominant seed-borne pathogens of rice. The detection of both pathogens in rice seed is essential to avoid production losses. In the present study, a microdevice platform was designed, which works on the principles of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) to detect M. oryzae and S. oryzae in rice seeds. Initially, a LAMP, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), quantitative PCR (qPCR), and helicase dependent amplification (HDA) assays were developed with primers, specifically targeting M. oryzae and S. oryzae genome. The LAMP assay was highly efficient and could detect the presence of M. oryzae and S. oryzae genome at a concentration down to 100 fg within 20 min at 60 °C. Further, the sensitivity of the LAMP, HDA, PCR, and qPCR assays were compared wherein; the LAMP assay was highly sensitive up to 100 fg of template DNA. Using the optimized LAMP assay conditions, a portable foldable microdevice platform was developed to detect M. oryzae and S. oryzae in rice seeds. The foldable microdevice assay was similar to that of conventional LAMP assay with respect to its sensitivity (up to 100 fg), rapidity (30 min), and specificity. This platform could serve as a prototype for developing on-field diagnostic kits to be used at the point of care centers for the rapid diagnosis of M. oryzae and S. oryzae in rice seeds. This is the first study to report a LAMP-based foldable microdevice platform to detect any plant pathogens.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Produksi Padi Melalui Penguatan Kelembagaan Perbenihan Padi Di Nagari Lubuk Pandan, Kecamatan 2 X 11 Enam Lingkung

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Ivonne Ayesha
Keyword(s):  
Community Leaders ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Informal Institution ◽  
Institutional Strengthening ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Rice Seeds ◽  
The Government

This study aims to identify the institutions that play a role in the procurement of rice seeds, describe the role of each institution, and develop policy recommendations for institutional strengthening of rice seed. The research was conducted in Nagari Lubuk Pandan, District 2x11 Six Lingkung, Padang Pariaman District, West Sumatera Province. The respondents' farmers were deliberately determined by 35 people based on the guidance of Wali Nagari and community leaders. Data were analyzed descriptively and presented in table and diagram. The results showed that 1) Institutional of rice seed in Nagari Lubuk Pandan consist of formal and informal institution. The formal institutions are Gapoktan "Lubuk Pandan Sejahtera" and Saprodi Kiosk. Informal institutions are groups of other farmers who lend rice seeds. More than half of the farmers of the respondents obtained rice seed from other farmers, because it was more efficient, 2) Gapoktan "Lubuk Pandan Sejahtera", played a role in channeling seeds to its members if there is a seed assistance program from the government. Saprodi Kiosk provides high quality rice seeds at all times, but very few farmers can afford them, and 3) Farmers' structural weaknesses (low education and knowledge, narrow land, technological mastery and low group manageability), cause they are unable to integrate the provision of seed input with the farm, so that production tends to decrease. This condition needs to be improved through institutional strengthening and empowerment of farmers through concepts acceptable to farmers

scholarly journals Planting Materials Seed Systems of Finger Millet, Rice and Taro in Jumla, Kaski and Bara Districts of Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 10-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bimal K Baniya ◽  
Radha K Tiwari ◽  
Pashupati Chaudhary ◽  
Surendra K Shrestha ◽  
Pushpa R Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Seed Selection ◽  
Seed Supply ◽  
Millet Seed ◽  
Seed System ◽  
Rice Seeds ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Informal Seed Supply

Formal and informal seed supply systems of rice (Jumla, Bara and Kaski), finger millet and taro(Kaski) were studied in three ecosites of Nepal during 1999-2001 to understand the processes ofseed flow, seed production, seed selection and storage systems. A survey was conducted at 48 to96 households. Informal seed supply was the only system in Jumla and Kaski and formal systemexisted only in Bara. The main sources of seed were farmer's own saved seed (67-91%), seedfrom neighbors and relatives. Exchange of germplasm was the main basis of fulfillment fromother sources. All farmers obtained seed from their own village, while farmers introducedmaterials occasionally from outside village. Most of the farmers followed seed selection beforeor after crop harvest. Rice field selection and plant selection based on a fixed set of criteria wasthe common practice. Non lodged plants with more grain per panicle, bold grains, well-maturedand uniform plants, long panicle, true to type, good looking grains, free from diseases andinsects were the main rice seed selection criteria. All farmers from both sites stored rice seeds bylocal methods in the locally available containers. Mor and Mudkothi are the special strawcontainers to store rice seed in Bara. Dhara is a special mud structure used to store rice seeds inJumla. Finger millet seed supply system was mostly similar to that of rice seed system. Ninetyone percent farmers saved seed for their own use; however, many of them changed finger milletseeds lots or varieties regularly for their particular plot. Ears selection during harvest by setcriteria for seed purpose was the common practice. Farmers stored finger millet seed carefully insmall locally available containers and tried their best to maintain the quality of seed duringdifferent stage of seed production. Taro has diverse planting materials: cormels, corms witheyes, suckers and corm with small cormels. Taro planting materials management is totallyinformal and almost 89% farmers saved these materials for their use and replaced them mostlyafter 3 years. Farmers had fixed criteria of corms and cormels selection for planting purpose andfocus and more on disease free. Storage of planting materials was locally by using localmaterials and methods. Understanding of seed system in various crops helps to developconservation strategy.Key words: Seed flow; seed production; seed selection; seed storage; seed systemDOI: 10.3126/narj.v6i0.3343Nepal Agriculture Research Journal Vol.6 2005 pp.39-48

scholarly journals Seed bio-priming with phosphate solubilizing bacteria strains to improve rice (Oryza sativa L. var. FARO 44) growth under ferruginous ultisol conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa Ibrahim Saheed ◽  
Beckley Ibrahim Ikhajiagbe
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Growth Properties ◽  
Rice Seeds ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing

The research investigated the possibility of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) with plant growthpromoting (PGP) capabilities to improve growth properties of rice plant under ferruginous ultisol (FU) condition through bio-priming strategy. The PSB with PGP properties used in this research were Bacillus cereus strain GGBSU-1, Proteus mirabilis strain TL14-1 and Klebsiella variicola strain AUH-KAM-9 that were previously isolated and characterized following the 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Biosafety analysis of the PSB isolates was conducted using blood agar. The rice seeds were then bio-primed with the PSBs at 3, 12 and 24 hours priming durations and then sown in a composite FU soil sample. Differences in germination bioassay involving SEM, morphology, physiology and biomass parameters were investigated for 15 weeks after bio-priming. The composite FU soil used in the study had high pH, low bioavailable phosphorus, low water holding capacity and high iron levels which has led to a low growth properties of rice seeds without bio-priming in FU soil. Germination parameters was better in seeds bio-primed with the PSBs, especially at 12h priming duration as against seeds without priming. SEM showed more bacterial colonization in the PSB bioprimed seeds. Seed bio-priming of rice seed with Bacillus cereus strain GGBSU-1, Proteus mirabilis strain TL14-1 and Klebsiella variicola strain AUH-KAM-9 under FU soil condition significantly improved seed microbiome, rhizocolonization and soil nutrient properties, thereby enhancing growth properties of the rice plant. This suggest the ability of PSB to solubilize and mineralize soil phosphate and improve its availability and soil property for optimum plant usage in phosphate stressed and iron toxic soils.

scholarly journals Treatment of rice seeds with salicylic acid: seed physiological quality and yield

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizandro Ciciliano Tavares ◽  
Cassyo Araújo Rufino ◽  
Sandro de Oliveira ◽  
André Pich Brunes ◽  
Francisco Amaral Villela
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Seed Industry ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Rice Seeds

Seed treatment with growth regulators, especially salicylic acid, is a promising alternative to the seed industry because it is an important inducer of resistance to diseases and pests, as well as acting significantly on quality and seed yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of rice seed treated with different concentrations of salicylic acid, as well as assess the crop yield and seed quality. The treatments consisted of increasing levels of 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg.L-1 salicylic acid. To this was prepared a stock solution of salicylic acid and the highest concentration by successive dilution in distilled water, the other concentrations were obtained. The physiological quality of seeds produced was treated and evaluated by tests of vigor and germination, and after harvest were evaluated seed yield. It follows that treatment of rice seeds with salicylic acid concentrations up to 130 mg.L-1 at a dose of 2 mL.kg-1 seed does not affect the germination and affects the strength, however provides substantial increases in the yield of seeds. The seed treatment with salicylic acid has no influence on seed quality produced.

Effect of High Temperature Intermittent Drying on Rice Seed Viability and Vigor

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pan Wang ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Li-jun Wang ◽  
Benu Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Rice Seeds ◽  
Tempering Process

AbstractThis work aimed at determining whether high temperature intermittent drying followed by tempering at ambient temperature could preserve the seed viability and vigor.JaponicaandIndicarice seeds with 21.2 % and 22.6 % wet moisture contents (w.b.) were dried at 50 ºC and 60ºC for either 5, 10, 15 or 20 minutes, followed by tempering at 25ºC for 45 minutes. Each drying cycle was repeated until the rice seeds were dried to 12.0 % (w.b.). The drying rate was improved and the total in-dryer time was reduced in the intermittent drying when compared to continuous drying, due to the tempering process. The seed vigor was significantly reduced by intermittent drying at 60 °C with all exposure times, although the seed still kept the ability to germinate for both rice cultivars. The intermittent drying at 50 ºC for 5 minutes per drying cycle preserved the seed vigor ofJaponicarice well, while inIndicarice, the intermittent drying at 50 ºC up to 20 minutes could still be able to maintain the seed vigor.

scholarly journals Treatment of rice seeds with thiamethoxam: reflections on physiological performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreia da Silva Almeida ◽  
Cristiane Deuner ◽  
Carolina Terra Borges ◽  
Géri Eduardo Meneghello ◽  
Adilson Jauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Rice Seeds ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
System Length

Thiamethoxam is a systemic insecticide that is transported within the plant through its cells and can activate various physiological reactions such as protein expression. These proteins interact with defense mechanisms against stress in adverse growing conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of thiamethoxam in rice seeds and the potential benefits that it can provide. Two experiments were carried out and, in both, seeds were treated with commercial product containing 350 g of thiamethoxam active ingredient per liter of product, at doses 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mL.100 kg-1 of seeds: 1) it was conducted with three lots of IRGA BR 424 cultivar rice seeds, which were submitted to the following laboratory tests: germination, cold test, accelerated aging test, as well as field assessment: total seedling length, root system length, number of panicles and productivity; 2) four lots of IRGA BR 424 cultivar rice seeds, two high and two low-vigor, were subjected to the following tests: germination, cold test and greenhouse seedling emergence test. Thiamethoxam rice seed treatment positively favors the seed quality.

scholarly journals ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY AND ETHANOL RELEASE TO ASSESS RED RICE SEED VIGOR1

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-798
Author(s):  
RAFAEL MARANI BARBOSA ◽  
MATHEUS ANDRÉ DE JESUS ◽  
RAFAELA ALVES PEREIRA ◽  
GEDEON ALMEIDA GOMES JUNIOR
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Seed Sample ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Rice Seeds

ABSTRACT To evaluate seed vigor, electrical conductivity and ethanol tests are fast and efficient methodologies. They have the potential to be used in several species, such as red rice. However, there are no protocols or information about their efficiency. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the efficiency, and define parameters of execution for electrical conductivity and ethanol tests, to evaluate the vigor of red rice seeds. The study was conducted using four lots of ‘BRS 901’ red rice, which was subjected to a germination test, as well as first count, accelerated aging, and field seedling emergence tests. The electrical conductivity test was performed with 25, 50, and 100 seeds soaked in 50 mL and 75 mL of water, at 25 °C and 30 °C, for 3, 6, 20, and 24 hours, respectively. The ethanol test was performed with 50 and 100 seeds soaked in a volume of water equivalent to 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0× the mass of the seed sample. To assess the vigor of red rice seeds, the electrical conductivity test is an efficient method when conducted with 50 seeds soaked in 50 mL of water at 25 °C for 20 hours. Meanwhile, the ethanol test is most effective when performed with 50 seeds, in a volume of water that is 2.5× the mass of the sample, at 40 °C for 24 hours.

scholarly journals Viability and Dormancy of Rice Seeds after Storage and Pre-Treatment with Dry Heat and Chemical Agents

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne A. Mutinda ◽  
James W. Muthomi ◽  
John M. Kimani ◽  
George N. Cheminigw’wa ◽  
Florence M. Olubayo
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Packaging Material ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Dry Heat ◽  
Rice Seeds ◽  
Pre Treatment

Inappropriate seed packaging and seed dormancy affects seed quality and consequently leads to reduced crop stand, low seedling vigour and reduced yields. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of seed packaging material and seed treatment on viability and dormancy in rice seeds. Effect of packaging material was evaluated by storing freshly harvested seeds of Basmati 370 and BW 196 varieties in polythene, khaki, cheese cloth, polypropylene (Pp) sack and gunny bag sat room temperature and at 6 oC for six months. Effect of seed treatment on dormancy was determined by pre-treatment of seeds with nitric acid at 0.1 M, 0.2 M, 0.5 M, 1 M and 2 M, gibberellic acid (GA3) at 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm and 5000 ppm, and hydrogen peroxide at 0.5 M, 1 M, 2 M, 3 M, 5 M and dry heat at 50 oC for 48 hours. The seeds were subjected to germination test on moist paper and data on percentage germination, seedling length and seedling dry weight were taken. Packaging material had a significant (P ≤ 0.05) effect on germination and vigour. At room temperature, seed stored in polythene bag had the highest germination 88.2% and 57.8% for BW 196 and Basmati 370, respectively. Basmati 370 in khaki bag stored in the cold room had the highest germination 48.3%, while BW 196 stored in polythene had the highest (86.0%). Pre-treatment of seeds reduced dormancy, with variety BW 196 showing the highest germination of up to 67%, while variety Basmati 370 had the lowest germination of up to 40%. Gibberellic acid (GA3) at 5000 ppm was the most effective in breaking seed dormancy resulting in up to 95.7% germination. The results of the study indicated that packaging rice seed in polythene bags for periods not exceeding six months and pre-treatment with GA3 maintains high seed viability and breaks dormancy, respectively, thus ensuring rapid and uniform germination of vigorous seedlings. This would reduce the period farmers have to wait after harvest before they can plant newly harvested rice seeds.

scholarly journals Selection of Optimal Hyperspectral Wavebands for Detection of Discolored, Diseased Rice Seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Insuck Baek ◽  
Moon Kim ◽  
Byoung-Kwan Cho ◽  
Changyeun Mo ◽  
Jinyoung Barnaby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Wavelength Region ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Forward Selection ◽  
Burkholderia Glumae ◽  
Rice Seeds

The inspection of rice grain that may be infected by seedborne disease is important for ensuring uniform plant stands in production fields as well as preventing proliferation of some seedborne diseases. The goal of this study was to use a hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technique to find optimal wavelengths and develop a model for detecting discolored, diseased rice seed infected by bacterial panicle blight (Burkholderia glumae), a seedborne pathogen. For this purpose, the HSI data spanning the visible/near-infrared wavelength region between 400 and 1000 nm were collected for 500 sound and discolored rice seeds. For selecting optimal wavelengths to use for detecting diseased seed, a sequential forward selection (SFS) method combined with various spectral pretreatments was employed. To evaluate performance based on optimal wavelengths, support vector machine (SVM) and linear and quadratic discriminant analysis (LDA and QDA) models were developed for detection of discolored seeds. As a result, the violet and red regions of the visible spectrum were selected as key wavelengths reflecting the characteristics of the discolored rice seeds. When using only two or only three selected wavelengths, all of the classification methods achieved high classification accuracies over 90% for both the calibration and validation sample sets. The results of the study showed that only two to three wavelengths are needed to differentiate between discolored, diseased and sound rice, instead of using the entire HSI wavelength regions. This demonstrates the feasibility of developing a low cost multispectral imaging technology based on these selected wavelengths for non-destructive and high-throughput screening of diseased rice seed.

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