scholarly journals Genetic profiles of three Cinchona species in Junghuhn Natural Reserve, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-709
Author(s):  
N.D. Sasongko ◽  
A. Yuniati ◽  
L.A. Gayo Billmora
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cinchona Alkaloid ◽  
Polymorphic Band ◽  
Group I ◽  
Natural Reserve ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Molecular Aspects ◽  
Cinchona Pubescens ◽  
Genetic Profiles ◽  
The University

Cinchona species were widely used as ancient medicines for different diseases because they contain the active component quinine and its derivatives. However, studies on the molecular aspects of cinchona, including its genetic diversity, have not been reported because most previous works focused on the administration of the antimalarial cinchona alkaloid. Quinine is also being tested as alternative compound for the treatment of Covid-19. The Junghuhn Natural Reserve in Indonesia contains three different types of cinchona plants, namely, Cinchona calisaya, Cinchona pubescens, and Cinchona sp. Given that the genetic diversity and kinship of these species have never been studied, collecting data on the cinchona gene pool has become imperative. This study analyzed the genetic diversity of the cinchona species in the Junghuhn Natural Reserve, Indonesia, by using eight RAPD markers, i.e., OPA-2, OPA-9, OPB-02, OPB-03, OPB-04, OPB-05, OPB-7, and OPJ-07, during 2020 at the University of Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto-Indonesia. Polymorphic band data were obtained. Then, phenogram analysis was conducted by using UPGMA and maximum parsimony with MEGA7. The RAPD profiles of Cinchona species (C. calisaya, C. pubescent, and Cinchona sp.) revealed polymorphism with different markers, i.e., OPA-2 (90%), OPB-2 (75%), OPB-5 (75%), OPB-3 (66.66%), OPB-4 (66.66%), OPB-7 (66.66%), OPJ-7 (66.66%), and OPA-9 (58.33%) sequentially with total polymorphism (70.62%). C. calisaya was identified as the most distinctive species. UPGMA yielded a coefficient of 0.200 and two distinctive groups: Group I, which comprised C. pubescens and Cinchona sp. with the p-distance value of 0.333, and Group II, which contained C. calisaya. Ixora sp. was treated as an outgroup plant. The topology of the dendrogram was consistent with that of the UPGMA dendrogram. Results may be used for the further exploration of the genetic diversity of cinchona species.

CONSTRUCTING A DEMONSTRATION VEGETABLE GARDEN

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 671f-671
Author(s):  
M. Marutani ◽  
R. Quitugua ◽  
C. Simpson ◽  
R. Crisostomo
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Crop Cover ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The University

A demonstration vegetable garden was constructed for students in elementary, middle and high schools to expose them to agricultural science. On Charter Day, a University-wide celebration, students were invited to the garden on the University campus. The purpose of this project was twofold: (1) for participants to learn how to make a garden and (2) for visitors to see a variety of available crops and cultural techniques. Approximately 30 vegetable crops were grown. The garden also presented some cultural practices to improve plant development, which included weed control by solarization, mulching, a drip irrigation system, staking, shading and crop cover. Different types of compost bins were shown and various nitrogen-fixing legumes were displayed as useful hedge plants for the garden.

scholarly journals Increasing University Competitiveness through Assessment of Green Content in Curriculum and Eco-Labeling in Higher Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 712
Author(s):  
Andrea Okanović ◽  
Jelena Ješić ◽  
Vladimir Đaković ◽  
Simonida Vukadinović ◽  
Andrea Andrejević Panić
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Green Jobs ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Novi Sad ◽  
The University

Growing environmental problems and increasing requirements of green jobs force universities around the world not only to transform their curricula but also to enrich existing ones with contents related to the promotion of sustainable development. This paper aims to show the importance of measuring and monitoring the share of green contents in all university activities, as only in that way it is possible to monitor trends and give realistic assessments of their effect and importance. The paper presents a comparative analysis of different types of methodologies for assessing sustainable activities at universities as well as research conducted at the University of Novi Sad in Serbia and its comparison with the University of Gothenburg (Sweden). This research aims to point out the importance of increasing competitiveness in higher education through assessment of green content in a curriculum and its promotion. In this way, through eco-labeling methodology, it would be easier to identify those contents that, in a certain share, contribute to the promotion of sustainable development. Furthermore, this methodology can easily be extended across the country and the region, which would bring positive effects to all stakeholders in higher education.

scholarly journals A paradigm shift: Adoption of disruptive learning innovations in an ODL environment: The case of the University of South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Blessing Mbatha
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Transactional Distance ◽  
Focus Group Interviews ◽  
Disruptive Innovations ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Axial Coding ◽  
The University

<p class="norm">The aim of this article is to shed some light on patterns of and major motives for the adoption of different types of disruptive learning innovations by Unisa academics. To realise the aim of the study, the following questions were addressed: What are the reasons for adopting disruptive learning innovations? What is the level of interaction with disruptive innovations? What training do Unisa academics require on disruptive innovations? A qualitative approach was adopted by conducting focus group interviews with 76 Unisa academics. The data was analysed using open and axial coding, where dominant themes from the discussions were identified and discussed in detail. The findings show that the interaction of Unisa lecturers with different technologies varied from technology to technology. The study also found that disruptive innovations play a pivotal role in opening avenues and collapsing the transactional distance in an ODL institution. Some lecturers lack skill in using some technology, which is a cause for concern. Therefore, lecturers need to be trained in using technology and develop a good understanding of it to improve teaching and learning.</p>

scholarly journals Role of the Inflammasome, IL-1β, and IL-18 in Bacterial Infections

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 2037-2050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoranjan Sahoo ◽  
Ivonne Ceballos-Olvera ◽  
Laura del Barrio ◽  
Fabio Re
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Host Responses ◽  
Inflammasome Activation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Molecular Aspects ◽  
Immune Pathway ◽  
Innate Immune Pathway ◽  
Receptor Family

The inflammasome is an important innate immune pathway that regulates at least two host responses protective against infections: (1) secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1βand IL-18 and (2) induction of pyroptosis, a form of cell death. Inflammasomes, of which different types have been identified, are multiprotein complexes containing pattern recognition receptors belonging to the Nod-like receptor family or the PYHIN family and the protease caspase-1. The molecular aspects involved in the activation of different inflammasomes by various pathogens are being rapidly elucidated, and their role during infections is being characterized. Production of IL-1βand IL-18 and induction of pyroptosis of the infected cell have been shown to be protective against many infectious agents. Here, we review the recent literature concerning inflammasome activation in the context of bacterial infections and identify important questions to be answered in the future.

Sources

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Applied Anthropology ◽  
University Of Kentucky ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The University ◽  
Conference Papers

Sources documents the work of applied and practicing anthropologists. The Project Profiles published here are based on materials submitted to the Applied Anthropology Documentation Project at the University of Kentucky. The project, since its inception in 1978, has attempted to collect the so-called fugitive literature produced by anthropologists during their problem-solving work. The collection has a wide range of different types of materials: technical reports, research monographs, conference papers, practicum and internship reports, legal briefs, proposals, and other materials.

scholarly journals The profiling of university of Ljubljana students according to their motives for exercise participation

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Cerar ◽  
Miran Kondrič ◽  
Joško Sindik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Exercise Participation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Participation Motives ◽  
The University ◽  
Practical Implications

Abstract Introduction The main research objective is the analysis of the grouping of the students of the University of Ljubljana, with respect to the intensity of different types of exercise participation motives, their gender, discipline and year of study, level of physical activity, status of physical education class, organization of physical activities during study, and place of residence. Methods Data were collected using personal data sheets during enrolling students at the University of Ljubljana. Students completed The Exercise Motivations Inventory (EMI-2), with additional data about sociodemographic parameters. Results The results reveal that the students could be grouped in three distinctive clusters, which can be very clearly explained in terms of the prevalence of exercise participation motives in general. The students grouped in the first cluster have the lowest average values (means) in all exercise participation motives. The students grouped in the second cluster have the profile with moderate means in all exercise participation motives, while the students grouped in the third cluster have the profile with the highest means in all exercise participation motives. Conclusions The results indicate overall higher motivation for physical activity in men. All the sub-samples are different in their relevant features used in clustering (e.g., male students are dominant in life sciences, etc.), which provide a guide both for the explanation of the results obtained and for practical implications.

scholarly journals Broad-leaved plants of the Southern Urals broad-leaved-conifer forests (some results of the studies)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Yuriy Petrovich Gorichev ◽  
Ildar Ravilevich Yusupov ◽  
Alexander Nikolaevich Davydychev ◽  
Aleksey Yurievich Kulagin
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Conifer Forests ◽  
The South ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Natural Reserve ◽  
Different Types

The paper deals with the study of broad-leaved plants of the Southern Urals broad-leaved-conifer forests. Stationary studies were conducted on the territory of the South Ural state natural reserve, where 9 forest sites in different types of broad-leaved forests were laid. The research used standard methods while microclimatic observations used digital thermometers-recorders Thermochron. The authors have obtained some data on the structure and composition of the characteristic types of broad-leaved forests with oak and maple domination. The authors have classified ecosystems and plant communities, selected 3 types of biogeocenoses and 4 types of phytocoenoses. Studies have established that selected types of broad-leaved forests are associated to certain elements of relief and high-altitude levels. The obtained materials provide the basis for further monitoring of forests.

scholarly journals Potential of the biodegradability and characteristics of bio-plastic from microalgae residues

Algologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-92
Author(s):  
Y.C. Wong ◽  
◽  
D.N. Roma ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Good Resistance ◽  
Chlorella Sp ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The University

Petroleum-based plastic has been widely used in many industries. However, it takes hundreds of years to degrade and causes widespread pollution to our environment. These problems led to the invention of bioplastics, which were comprised of natural biopolymers made from starch. The production of bioplastics from food-based starches such as tapioca and corn created competition between food and bioplastic production industries. Hence, this research study focuses on producing bioplastic from microalgae residue, which is a non-food based raw material that uses four different types of plasticizers: glycerol, sorbitol, glutaraldehyde and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Microalgae species for identification were obtained from the fish pond at the University Malaysia of Kelantan, before cultivating the species for 14 days. The microalgae residues were extracted through the centrifugation process. Three species were identified under the light microscope, Chlorella sp., Scenedesmus sp. and Monoraphidium sp. The production of bioplastic involved a manual stirring method using a hotplate magnetic stirrer, followed by drying the bioplastic in an oven at 60 oC. Results obtained showed that sorbitol and glycerol from microalgae are suitable to be used as a plasticizer for the production of bioplastic, however glutaraldehyde and PEG are not suitable. Bioplastics that used PEG and glutaraldehyde became cracked and brittle after the drying process. The characterization of bioplastics includes universal tensile testing machines, Fourier-transform infrared analysis and biodegradability tests being processed//undertaken on glycerol-based and sorbitol based bioplastic. Characterization of bioplastics proved that both glycerol and sorbitol have high potential for applications in daily human life. Bioplastics which used sorbitol as a plasticizer could be used in can be applied the production of plastic goods such as toys and household items due to its good resistance toward stress and minimal flexibility. Meanwhile bioplastics which used glycerol as a plasticizer could be applied to the production of plastic bags and plastic food wrap due to its elastic and flexible nature.

scholarly journals The effect of different irrigation techniques on the quality of cleaning of root canal walls

2008 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Violeta Pavlovic ◽  
Slavoljub Zivkovic
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Group I ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference

Aim: To evaluate the effect of irrigation techniques, i.e. different types of irrigation needles, on the quality of cleaning of root canal walls using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Material and Method: The study was conducted on 16 extracted, single-rooted, human teeth. The samples were allocated to two experimental groups depending on the type of the irrigation needle. Conventional needles were used for the irrigation of Group I and laterally perforated ones for Group II. All root canals were instrumented using K files and the Step-back technique. During instrumentation, all samples were irrigated with 2.5 % sodium hypochlorite solution followed by final irrigation with 17 % EDTA for 1 min. After that, all samples were irrigated with 10 ml of distilled water. The roots were, then, sectioned longitudinally and middle one third of each root canal was analyzed using SEM. Quantitative analysis was based on criteria by H?lsmann et al. Results: The obtained results showed that the more efficient removal of debris and the smear layer was accomplished in the group of samples irrigated using laterally perforated needles than conventional needles. The difference between the investigated irrigation techniques were statistically significant (p<0.01). Conclusion: The use of laterally perforated needles for irrigation allows more efficient cleaning of root canal walls, i.e. the removal of debris and the smear layer.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of Pongamia pinnata in Bali, Indonesia using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat markers

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Arpiwi ◽  
I Gusti Ayu Sugi Wahyuni ◽  
I Ketut Muksin
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Pongamia Pinnata ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Binary Matrix ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat Markers ◽  
Group I ◽  
Simple Sequence

Abstract. Arpiwi NL, Wahyuni IGAS, Muksin IK. 2019. Genetic diversity of Pongamia pinnata in Bali, Indonesia using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat markers. Biodiversitas 20: 2134-2142. Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre is a member of family Leguminosae that produces seed oil for biodiesel feedstock. The aim of the present study was to determine genetic diversity of pongamia trees that grow in Bali using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. This study is important to support the breeding program for the improvement of the biodiesel producing species. Leaf samples were taken from 26 pongamia trees grown on northern and southern coastal areas of Bali. Genomic DNA was isolated from fresh leaves sample and was amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using 9 ISSR primers. The banding patterns of DNA after PCR were scored and tabulated into a binary matrix. Genetic distance was generated by pairwise distance using composite maximum likelihood. A dendrogram was constructed using Unweighted Pair Group Method Arithmetic (UPGMA) method. The binary matrix was further analyzed for Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) with Primer E V.6 software. DNA concentrations ranged from 98.59-100.55 ng/μL with sufficient quality for PCR. The number of alleles for 9 primers was 43, the number of the polymorphic band was 35, and the number of monomorphic bands was 8. Percentage of polymorphism ranged from 50 to 100%. Cluster analysis of 26 DNA of pongamia trees showed that the trees were grouped into two, namely group I and II. Group I consisted of two trees only, namely Uma Anyar 1 and Penarukan 1. Group II consisted of 24 pongamia trees which were divided into 3 subgroups, namely IIA, IIB, and IIC with close genetic distance. Analysis of NMDS supported cluster analysis that 23 out of 26 pongamia trees had close genetic distance, and possibly they come from a similar source. Genetic diversity of pongamia in Bali needs to be widen possibly by the introduction of new planting materials from across Indonesia or seed procurement from different sources.

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