scholarly journals Optimization of growth parameters for enhancing antifungal secondary metabolites of Talaromyces islandicus VSGF1 against drug resistant Candida spp.

2022 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
pp. 92-104
Author(s):  
Sangeeta M. Kamradgi ◽  
Vidyasagar M. Gunagambhire
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Candida Spp

scholarly journals Continuous Lighting and High Daily Light Integral Enhance Yield and Quality of Mass-Produced Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.) in Plant Factories

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1203
Author(s):  
Wenshuo Xu ◽  
Na Lu ◽  
Masao Kikuchi ◽  
Michiko Takagaki
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Tropaeolum Majus

Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus L.), as a medicinal plant, has a high phenolic content in its leaves and flowers. It is often used in salads as a dietary vegetable. Attracting strong demand, it could be a good candidate crop for a plant factory with artificial lighting (PFAL) that can achieve the mass production of high-quality crops with high productivity by regulating environmental conditions such as light. In this study, two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of continuous lighting (CL) and different daily light integrals (DLIs) under CL on the growth, secondary metabolites, and light use efficiency (LUE) of nasturtium, all of which are essential in the successful cultivation in PFALs. In Experiment 1, two lighting models, the same DLI of 17.3 mol m-2 d-1 but different light periods (24 and 16 h) with different light intensities (200 and 300 µmol m−2 s−1, respectively), were applied to nasturtium. The results showed that leaf production, secondary metabolites, and LUE were higher under the 24-h CL treatment than under the 16-h non-CL treatment. In Experiment 2, three DLI levels (17.3, 25.9, and 34.6 mol m-2 d-1) under the CL condition were applied. The results showed that the growth parameters were positively correlated with the DLI levels under CL. The lowest DLI had the highest LUE. We conclude that the mass production of nasturtium under CL in PFALs is feasible, and the yield increases as DLI increases from 17.3 to 34.6 mol m-2 d-1 under CL without causing physiological stress on plants.

Augmented control of drug-resistant Candida spp. via fluconazole loading into fungal chitosan nanoparticles

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 511-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haddad A. El Rabey ◽  
Fahad M. Almutairi ◽  
Adel I. Alalawy ◽  
Mohammed A. Al-Duais ◽  
Mohamed I. Sakran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Fungal Chitosan

scholarly journals Terpenes from Zingiber montanum and Their Screening against Multi-Drug Resistant and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Siddique ◽  
Barbara Pendry ◽  
M. Mukhlesur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Mass Spectra ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Nmr Data

Bioassay directed isolation of secondary metabolites from the rhizomes of Zingiber montanum (Fam. ‎Zingiberaceae) led to the isolation of mono-, sesqui-, and di-terpenes. The compounds were characterized as (E)-8(17),12-labdadiene-15,16-dial (1), zerumbol (2), zerumbone (3), buddledone A (4), furanodienone (5), germacrone (6), borneol (7), and camphor (8) by analysing one-dimensional (1D) (1H and 13C) and two-dimensional (2D) (COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY) NMR data and mass spectra. Among these terpenes, compounds 1 and 2 revealed potential antibacterial activity (minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values 32–128 µg/mL; 0.145–0.291 mM)) against a series of clinical isolates of multi-drug resistant (MDR) and Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

scholarly journals SUSCEPTIBILITY OF Candida spp. ISOLATED FROM BLOOD CULTURES AS EVALUATED USING THE M27-A3 AND NEW M27-S4 APPROVED BREAKPOINTS

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 477-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edileusa Rosa dos Santos ◽  
Camila F. Dal Forno ◽  
Mari Glei Hernandez ◽  
Thaís Felli Kubiça ◽  
Tarcieli P. Venturini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Clinical Breakpoints ◽  
Susceptibility Tests ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Emergence Of Resistance

The high mortality rates associated with candidemia episodes and the emergence of resistance to antifungal agents necessitate the monitoring of the susceptibility of fungal isolates to antifungal treatments. The new, recently approved, species-specific clinical breakpoints (SS-CBPs)(M27-S4) for evaluating susceptibility require careful interpretation and comparison with the former proposals made using the M27-A3 breakpoints, both from CLSI. This study evaluated the susceptibility of the different species of Candida that were isolated from candidemias based on these two clinical breakpoints. Four hundred and twenty-two isolates were identified and, among them, C. parapsilosis comprised 46.68%, followed by C. albicans (35.78%), C. tropicalis (9.71%), C. glabrata (3.55%), C. lusitaniae (1.65%), C. guilliermondii (1.65%) and C. krusei (0.94%). In accordance with the M27-A3 criteria, 33 (7.81%) non-susceptible isolates were identified, of which 16 (3.79%) were resistant to antifungal agents. According to SS-CBPs, 80 (18.95%) isolates were non-susceptible, and 10 (2.36%) of these were drug resistant. When the total number of non-susceptible isolates was considered, the new SS-CBPs detected 2.4 times the number of isolates that were detected using the M27-A3 interpretative criteria. In conclusion, the detection of an elevated number of non-susceptible species has highlighted the relevance of evaluating susceptibility tests using new, species-specific clinical breakpoints (SS-CBPs), which could impact the profile of non-susceptible Candida spp. to antifungal agents that require continuous susceptibility monitoring.

scholarly journals Marine Bacterial Secondary Metabolites: A Treasure House for Structurally Unique and Effective Antimicrobial Compounds

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 530
Author(s):  
Ramanathan Srinivasan ◽  
Arunachalam Kannappan ◽  
Chunlei Shi ◽  
Xiangmin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Scientific Investigations ◽  
Microbial Infections ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Untapped Resource

The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance reduces the effectiveness of antimicrobial drugs in preventing and treating infectious diseases caused by pathogenic organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Because of the burgeoning growth of microbes with antimicrobial-resistant traits, there is a dire need to identify and develop novel and effective antimicrobial agents to treat infections from antimicrobial-resistant strains. The marine environment is rich in ecological biodiversity and can be regarded as an untapped resource for prospecting novel bioactive compounds. Therefore, exploring the marine environment for antimicrobial agents plays a significant role in drug development and biomedical research. Several earlier scientific investigations have proven that bacterial diversity in the marine environment represents an emerging source of structurally unique and novel antimicrobial agents. There are several reports on marine bacterial secondary metabolites, and many are pharmacologically significant and have enormous promise for developing effective antimicrobial drugs to combat microbial infections in drug-resistant pathogens. In this review, we attempt to summarize published articles from the last twenty-five years (1996–2020) on antimicrobial secondary metabolites from marine bacteria evolved in marine environments, such as marine sediment, water, fauna, and flora.

scholarly journals Bioactivity of pyocyanin of Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates against a variety of human pathogenic bacteria and fungi species

10.3823/812 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahraa Jaafar Jameel ◽  
Anaam Fuad Hussain ◽  
Muthana Abdulkhader Al-Mahdawi ◽  
Nuha F. Abed Alkerim ◽  
Eman Sabah Abd Alrahman
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Blue Pigment ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Redox Active ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Human Infections

Pyocyanin is blue pigment redox active, secondary metabolites produced by P. aeruginosa. The present study investigated the bioactivity of pyocyanin against certain types of bacteria and fungi causing human infections Objectives: Pyocyanin is blue pigment redox active, secondary metabolites produced by P. aeruginosa. The current study deals with biosynthesis, purification and bioactivity of pyocyanin produced by P. aeruginosa. Design: Pyocyanin extraction was done by chloroform method and concentration was determined by multiplying the optical density at 520 nm by 17.072 expressed as µg/ml. Biological activity of pyocyanin was determined by well diffusion procedure. Results: According to the source of infection, results showed that P. aeruginosa were most common in ear infection (30%) followed by wounds (22%), burns (17%), urine (13%) and each in stool and diabetes (9%). In this study the high resistance of  P. aeruginosa  isolates to antibiotics were 19 (82.6 %) to piperacillin followed by 10(43.5%) to aztreonem, 8(34.8%) to meropenem, 6(26.1%) to amikacin, 5(21.7%) to ciprofloxacin then 2(8.7%) to cefotaxime. the urine isolate produced the largest amount of pyocyanin (15.894 µg/ml). pyaocyanin have antimicrobial activity against Pathogenic bacteria: Shigella,  Staphyllococcus aureus and  Staphyllococcus epidermedis. and pathogenic fungi and yeast: Aspergillus niger, Penicillium spp., Rhizopus spp, Trichophyton  mentagrophyte, Rhodotorula spp., Alternaria alternate , Trichophyton rubrum and Candida spp Conclusions: cefotaxime is the best antibiotic for P. aeruginosa. Antimicrobial activity of pyocyanin against gram positive more than gram negative bacteria but less than that observed against fungi (molds and yeast).

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