Metabolic Characterization, Antioxidant Capacity, and In vitro Antiurolithiatic Potential of Achillea millefolium L.

Dietary polyphenols have been shown to scavenge free radicals, modulating cellular redox transcription factors in different in vitro and ex vivo models. Dietary intervention studies have shown that consumption of plant foods modulates plasma Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Capacity (NEAC), a biomarker of the endogenous antioxidant network, in human subjects. However, the identification of the molecules responsible for this effect are yet to be obtained and evidences of an antioxidant in vivo action of polyphenols are conflicting. There is a clear discrepancy between polyphenols (PP) concentration in body fluids and the extent of increase of plasma NEAC. The low degree of absorption and the extensive metabolism of PP within the body have raised questions about their contribution to the endogenous antioxidant network. This work will discuss the role of polyphenols from galenic preparation, food extracts, and selected dietary sources as modulators of plasma NEAC in humans.

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Antioxidant Capacity of Calcium Lactate on m-Calpain Activity In Vitro

10.31274/ans_air-180814-1237 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Yuan Kim ◽

Edward M. Steadham ◽

Steven M. Lonergan ◽

Elisabeth J. Huff-Lonergan

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Calcium Lactate ◽

Calpain Activity

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Synthesis, Cytotoxicity and Antioxidant Activity of New Analogs of RC-121 Synthetic Derivatives of Somatostatin

Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871520618666180417164344 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (10) ◽

pp. 1417-1424 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Emilia Naydenova ◽

Diana Wesselinova ◽

Svetlana Staykova ◽

Ivan Goshev ◽

Ljubomir Vezenkov

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Cell Line ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Cancer Cell Line ◽

Colorectal Cancer Cell Line ◽

Cervical Cancer Cell Line ◽

Synthetic Derivatives ◽

Derivatives Of

Background: Based on the structure of RC-121 (D-Phe-c (Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Val-Cys)-Thr-NH2, - synthetic derivatives of somatostatin), some analogs were synthesized and tested for in vitro cytotoxic and antioxidant activity. Objectives: The new analogs were modifyed at position 5 with Dap (diaminopropanoic acid), Dab (diaminobutanoic acid) and Orn and at position 6 with the unnatural amino acids Tle (t-leucine). Methods: The in vitro cytotoxic effects of the substances were investigated against a panel of human tumor cell lines HT-29 (Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Line), MDA-MB-23 (Human Breast Cancer Cell Line), Hep G-2 (Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line) and HeLa (cervical cancer cell line). The antioxidant capacities were tested by ORAC (Oxygen Radical Antioxidant Capacity) and HORAC (Hydroxyl Radical Averting Capacity) methods. Results: All substances expressed significantly higher antioxidant capacity by comparison with galic acid and Trolox. All substances showed considerable antioxidant capacity as well. Compound 2T (D-Phe-c(Cys-Tyr-DTrp- Dap-Tle-Cys)-Thr-NH2)had the highest antioxidant effect. The compound 4T (D-Phe-c(Cys-Tyr-D-Trp- Orn-Tle-Cys)-Thr-NH2) displayed antiproliferative effect on HeLa cells with IC50 30 µM. The peptide analog 3T (D-Phe-c(Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Tle-Cys)-Thr-NH2) exerted the most pronounced inhibition on the cell vitality up to 53%, 56% and 65% resp. against MDA-MB-23, Hep G-2, HeLa in the higher tested concentration. Conclusion: The somatostatin analogs showed moderate influence on the vitality of different tumor cells and could be used in changing their pathology.

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Improved Antioxidant Capacity of Black Tea Waste Utilizing PlantCrystals

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26030592 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 592 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abraham M. Abraham ◽

Reem M. Alnemari ◽

Jana Brüßler ◽

Cornelia M. Keck

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Aqueous Media ◽

Natural Antioxidants ◽

Black Tea ◽

Pharmaceutical Products ◽

Small Scale ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Plant Waste

Antioxidants are recommended to prevent and treat oxidative stress diseases. Plants are a balanced source of natural antioxidants, but the poor solubility of plant active molecules in aqueous media can be a problem for the formulation of pharmaceutical products. The potential of PlantCrystal technology is known to improve the extraction efficacy and antioxidant capacity (AOC) of different plants. However, it is not yet proved for plant waste. Black tea (BT) infusion is consumed worldwide and thus a huge amount of waste occurs as a result. Therefore, BT waste was recycled into PlantCrystals using small-scale bead milling. Their characteristics were compared with the bulk-materials and tea infusion, including particle size and antioxidant capacity (AOC) in-vitro. Waste PlantCrystals possessed a size of about 280 nm. Their AOC increased with decreasing size according to the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity) assays. The AOC of the waste increased about nine-fold upon nanonization, leading to a significantly higher AOC than the bulk-waste and showed no significant difference to the infusion and the used standard according to DPPH assay. Based on the results, it is confirmed that the PlantCrystal technology represents a natural, cost-effective plant-waste recycling method and presents an alternative source of antioxidant phenolic compounds.

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Fermentation of blueberry and blackberry juices using Lactobacillus plantarum, Streptococcus thermophilus and Bifidobacterium bifidum: Growth of probiotics, metabolism of phenolics, antioxidant capacity in vitro and sensory evaluation

Food Chemistry ◽

10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129083 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 348 ◽

pp. 129083

Author(s):

Yue Wu ◽

Sujin Li ◽

Yang Tao ◽

Dandan Li ◽

Yongbin Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

Sensory Evaluation ◽

Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽

Bifidobacterium Bifidum

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Assessment of in-vitro bioaccessibility and antioxidant capacity of phenolic compounds extracts recovered from grapevine bunch stem and cane by-products

Food Chemistry ◽

10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129063 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 348 ◽

pp. 129063

Author(s):

Susana Ferreyra ◽

Carolina Torres-Palazzolo ◽

Rubén Bottini ◽

Alejandra Camargo ◽

Ariel Fontana

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

In Vitro Bioaccessibility ◽

By Products

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The Effects of Bioactive Compounds from Blueberry and Blackcurrant Powder on Oat Bran Pastes: Enhancing In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Reducing Reactive Oxygen Species in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Raw264.7 Macrophages

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10030388 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 388

Author(s):

Xiao Dan Hui ◽

Gang Wu ◽

Duo Han ◽

Xi Gong ◽

Xi Yang Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Reactive Oxygen ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Raw264.7 Macrophages ◽

Oat Bran

In this study, blueberry and blackcurrant powder were chosen as the phenolic-rich enrichments for oat bran. A Rapid Visco Analyser was used to form blueberry and blackcurrant enriched oat pastes. An in vitro digestion process evaluated the changes of phenolic compounds and the in vitro antioxidant potential of extracts of pastes. The anthocyanidin profiles in the extracts were characterised by the pH differential method. The results showed that blueberry and blackcurrant powder significantly increased the content of phenolic compounds and the in vitro antioxidant capacity of pastes, while the total flavonoid content decreased after digestion compared to the undigested samples. Strong correlations between these bioactive compounds and antioxidant values were observed. Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages were used to investigate the intracellular antioxidant activity of the extracts from the digested oat bran paste with 25% enrichment of blueberry or blackcurrant powder. The results indicated that the extracts of digested pastes prevented the macrophages from experiencing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation, mainly by the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling pathway. These findings suggest that the bioactive ingredients from blueberry and blackcurrant powder enhanced the in vitro and intracellular antioxidant capacity of oat bran pastes, and these enriched pastes have the potential to be utilised in the development of the functional foods.

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In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion Impact on the Bioaccessibility and Antioxidant Capacity of Bioactive Compounds from Tomato Flours Obtained after Conventional and Ohmic Heating Extraction

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10030554 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 554

Author(s):

Marta C. Coelho ◽

Tânia B. Ribeiro ◽

Carla Oliveira ◽

Patricia Batista ◽

Pedro Castro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Solid Fraction ◽

Ohmic Heating ◽

Coumaric Acid ◽

Insoluble Dietary Fiber ◽

The Impact

In times of pandemic and when sustainability is in vogue, the use of byproducts, such as fiber-rich tomato byproducts, can be an asset. There are still no studies on the impact of extraction methodologies and the gastrointestinal tract action on bioactive properties. Thus, this study used a solid fraction obtained after the conventional method (SFCONV) and a solid fraction after the ohmic method (SFOH) to analyze the effect of the gastrointestinal tract on bioactive compounds (BC) and bioactivities. Results showed that the SFOH presents higher total fiber than SFCONV samples, 62.47 ± 1.24–59.06 ± 0.67 g/100 g DW, respectively. Both flours present high amounts of resistant protein, representing between 11 and 16% of insoluble dietary fiber. Furthermore, concerning the total and bound phenolic compounds, the related antioxidant activity measured by 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical cation decolorization assay presented significantly higher values for SFCONV than SFOH samples (p < 0.05). The main phenolic compounds identified in the two flours were gallic acid, rutin, and p-coumaric acid, and carotenoids were lycopene, phytofluene, and lutein, all known as health promoters. Despite the higher initial values of SFCONV polyphenols and carotenoids, these BCs’ OH flours were more bioaccessible and presented more antioxidant capacity than SFCONV flours, throughout the simulated gastrointestinal tract. These results confirm the potential of ohmic heating to modify the bioaccessibility of tomato BC, enhancing their concentrations and improving their antioxidant capacity.

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Effect of Adding Resistant Maltodextrin to Pasteurized Orange Juice on Bioactive Compounds and Their Bioaccessibility

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10061198 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1198

Author(s):

Elías Arilla ◽

Purificación García-Segovia ◽

Javier Martínez-Monzó ◽

Pilar Codoñer-Franch ◽

Marta Igual

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Orange Juice ◽

Control Sample ◽

Water Soluble ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Total Phenols ◽

Resistant Maltodextrin

Resistant maltodextrin (RMD) is a water-soluble and fermentable functional fiber. RMD is a satiating prebiotic, reducer of glucose and triglycerides in the blood, and promoter of good gut health, and its addition to food is increasingly frequent. Therefore, it is necessary to study its potential effects on intrinsic bioactive compounds of food and their bioaccessibility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adding RMD on the bioactive compounds of pasteurized orange juice with and without pulp, and the bioaccessibility of such compounds. RMD was added at different concentrations: 0 (control sample), 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%. Ascorbic acid (AA) and vitamin C were analyzed using HPLC, whereas total phenols, total carotenoids (TC), and antioxidant capacity were measured using spectrophotometry. After that, sample in vitro digestibility was assessed using the standardized static in vitro digestion method. The control orange juice with pulp presented significantly higher values of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity than the control orange juice without pulp (p < 0.05). RMD addition before the juice pasteurization process significantly protected all bioactive compounds, namely total phenols, TC, AA, and vitamin C, as well as the antioxidant capacity (AC) (p < 0.05). Moreover, this bioactive compound protective effect was higher when higher RMD concentrations were added. However, RMD addition improved phenols and vitamin C bioaccessibility but decreased TC and AA bioaccessibility. Therefore, the AC value of samples after gastrointestinal digestion was slightly decreased by RMD addition. Moreover, orange pulp presence decreased total phenols and TC bioaccessibility but increased AA and vitamin C bioaccessibility.

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Isolation and structural elucidation of dimeric epigallocatechin-3-gallate autoxidation products and their antioxidant capacity

European Food Research and Technology ◽

10.1007/s00217-021-03846-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Julian Alfke ◽

Uta Kampermann ◽

Svetlana Kalinina ◽

Melanie Esselen

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Cd Spectroscopy ◽

Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Published Data ◽

Dietary Polyphenols ◽

Cellular Effects ◽

The Impact

AbstractDietary polyphenols like epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)—which represents the most abundant flavan-3-ol in green tea—are subject of several studies regarding their bioactivity and health-related properties. On many occasions, cell culture or in vitro experiments form the basis of published data. Although the stability of these compounds is observed to be low, many reported effects are directly related to the parent compounds whereas the impact of EGCG degradation and autoxidation products is not yet understood and merely studied. EGCG autoxidation products like its dimers theasinensin A and D, “P2” and oolongtheanin are yet to be characterized in the same extent as their parental polyphenol. However, to investigate the bioactivity of autoxidation products—which would minimize the discrepancy between in vitro and in vivo data—isolation and structure elucidation techniques are urgently needed. In this study, a new protocol to acquire the dimers theasinensin A and D as well as oolongtheanin is depicted, including a variety of spectroscopic and quadrupole time-of-flight high-resolution mass spectrometric (qTOF-HRMS) data to characterize and assign these isolates. Through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, polarimetry, and especially circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy after enzymatic hydrolysis the complementary atropisomeric stereochemistry of the isolated theasinensins is illuminated and elucidated. Lastly, a direct comparison between the isolated EGCG autoxidation products and the monomer itself is carried out regarding their antioxidant properties featuring Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) values. These findings help to characterize these products regarding their cellular effects and—which is of special interest in the flavonoid group—their redox properties.

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