scholarly journals Effect of Intercroping Maize-Soybean on Grain Quality Traits in Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 341
Author(s):  
Habineza M. Jean Pierre ◽  
Josiah M. Kinama ◽  
Florence M. Olubayo ◽  
Susan W. Wanderi ◽  
James W. Muthomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Sole Crop ◽  
Small Scale Farmers

An experiment was conducted in Kenya to determine the effect of intercropping maize-soybean on soybean grain quality traits. A randomized complete block design replicated three times with seven treatments was used. Data were collected and analysed for soybean protein content, oil content and dry matter while grain size was done for maize and soybean. Data were subjected to ANOVA and means separated using LSD0.05. The results showed that TGX1990-5F variety recorded high protein content (p ≤ 0.05) in sole crop compared to intercropping with 42.96% and 38.4% respectively while SB19 obtained 36.57% and 40.41% of protein between sites for the first season. A bout the second season, TGX1990-5F gave 40.84% of protein compared to 31.98% for GAZELLE in intercrop at both sites. GAZELLE showed higher oil content followed by TGX1990-5F and SB19 was the last in both seasons. TGX1990-5F showed higher dry matter followed by GAZELLE and SB19 was the last in intercrop. In addition, GAZELLE a local variety showed greater size than SB19 in both rainy seasons. Intercropping affected slightly the protein content, oil content and gain size  than sole crop but it did not affect the dry matter in both seasons.Thus, TGX1990-5F can be recommended to small-scale farmers for intercropping with maize because it produced higher value of protein and small-scale farmers could use it to fight mal nutrition. GAZELLE variety can be also recommended for oil production. Maize grain size was not affected by intercropping system.

scholarly journals The Effect of Plant Spacing on Some Quality Traits of Fodder Beet (Betavulgaris var. Crassa) Varieties

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-293
Author(s):  
Entessar Al-Jbawi ◽  
Mohammad Bagdadr ◽  
Yousef Nemr
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Fodder Beet ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

A field experiment was conducted in the (2011/12) season to study the effect plant spacing on yields and its components of four fodder beet cultivars. The experiment was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) in split plots arrangement with three replicates, plant spacing (25X60, 20X60 and 25X50 cm) were assigned to the main plots and fodder beet cultivars (Jamon, Splendids, Starmon and Vermon) were allotted to the sub plots. Spacing had a significant effect on all the quality traits except protein content of shoot. Spacing and varieties exhibited highly significant (p<0.01) differences in all of the studied characteristics. Varieties affected dry matter content of root, and protein content of shoot and root significantly (p<0.05). Dry matter content of shoot, Ash content of shoot and root, and organic content of shoot and root were not significantly affected by varieties. Vermon sown at 25 cm apart and 60 cm between rows significantly (p<0.05) attained the highest quality traits.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i3.11089 International Journal of Environment Vol.3(3) 2014: 286-293

Effect of varying seeding rates on hybrid and conventional summer rape performance in Manitoba

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 635-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Van Deynze ◽  
P. B. E. McVetty ◽  
R. Scarth ◽  
S. R. Rimmer
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Seed Formation ◽  
Matter Production

To compare the effects of varying seeding rate on the agronomic performance, phenology and seed quality of hybrid and conventional summer rape cultivars, four hybrid and two conventional summer rape cultivars were seeded at 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0 and 9.0 kg ha−1 at two locations for 3 yr. The hybrid cultivars were, very importantly, 24% higher yielding and produced 50% more total dry matter than the conventional cultivars. The hybrid cultivars were, on average, 1.3% lower in seed oil content, 1.0% higher in seed protein content and equal in sum of oil and protein in the seed compared with the conventional cultivars. The hybrid cultivars were on average, 1.3 d later to 50% flowering and 1.1 d later to maturity than the average for the conventional cultivars, (i.e., equal or earlier to flowering and maturity than Regent). The hybrid cultivars were also 3.9% lower in harvest index and 1.3 ppm lower in chlorophyll content than the conventional cultivars. In spite of these differences, there were no significant cultivar-by-seeding-rate interactions, indicating that the hybrid and conventional cultivars responded similarly to varying seeding rate. Lodging, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, harvest index, survival, oil content and protein content displayed significant linear responses to varying seeding rate. Stand at maturity, seed yield and total dry matter production displayed significant linear and quadratic responses to varying seeding rate. Varying seeding rate had no effect on seed formation period, the sum of oil and protein content, or chlorophyll content. A seeding rate of 6 kg ha−1 maximized seed yield for both hybrid and conventional summer rape cultivars.Key words: Brassica napus, canola, seed quality, agronomy, phenology

REACTION OF RICE VARIETIES PERMITED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH YIELD FORMATION WITH A HIGH GRAIN QUALITY ON LEVEL OF NITROGEN NUTRITION IN AGROLANDSCAPE ZONES OF KRASNODAR REGION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.G. Tumanian ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Krasnodar Region ◽  
Yield Formation ◽  
Applied Nitrogen

An increase in the doses of nitrogen fertilizers applied during the cultivation of new rice varieties Nautilus and Yakhont in the old-deltoid and valley agrolandscape zones led to significant changes in grain quality traits. The grain size of the varieties grown in the Krasnoarsmeysky district did not change due to the level of nitrogen fertilizers, for those grown in the Abinsky district, decreased by 0.3 g in variety Nautilus and increased in variety Yakhont with increased dose of applied nitrogen. The vitreousity of grain increased in Nautilus in the Krasnoarmeysky district by 2%, in Abinsky - by 7%; in the variety Yakhont - increased by 2% and practically did not change, respectively. A tendency toward a decrease in grain fracture in the Krasnoarmeysky district and an increase in head rice content in the variety Nautilus in the Krasnoarmeysky and Abinsky districts was noted.

scholarly journals Gene action and combining ability studies for protein content and grain quality traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
M. Asvin Kirubha ◽  
R. P. Gnanamalar ◽  
K. Thangaraj ◽  
A. Kavitha Pushpam ◽  
A. R. Priyanka
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Quality Traits

Quality traits of wheat determined by small-scale dough testing methods

2001 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1325 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Békés ◽  
P. W. Gras ◽  
R. S. Anderssen ◽  
R. Appels
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Testing Procedures ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Wheat Lines

The dough properties of flours from the grain of 172 doubled haploid lines of a Cranbrook Halberd cross, grown at 3 locations, were determined with traditional and small-scale dough testing equipment. The experiments were aimed at determining the genetic factors that underpin the flour processing properties of wheat flour. Seven mixing parameters determined on a 2-g Mixograph™, as well as the maximum resistance (RMAX) and extensibility (EXT) measured on a Micro-Extension Tester, were identified as quality traits for genetic mapping studies, to identify the underlying quantitative trait loci (QTL). For each of the 3 locations in which the wheat lines were grown, relationships between the quality parameters and genetic markers were constructed for the populations. The associations of HMW- and LMW-glutenin allele combinations with the quality traits were investigated using ANOVA, linear parametric, and non-parametric methods. Of particular interest were qualitative and quantitative assessments of the extremes of the quality traits in each population. The relative contributions of the glutenincoding loci to quality were determined and it was found that the growing conditions to which wheat lines were subjected significantly affected the analyses. The nature and extent of these variations could not be explained by changes in protein content alone, and were related to environmentally induced alterations in the protein composition. From a comparison of the measurements made with the small-scale Mixograph™ with those from both the Extensograph™ and a Micro-Extension Tester, it was concluded that the same information about RMAX and EXT obtained from traditional extension testing could be obtained using small-scale dough tests. The data provided a direct validation for the application of small-scale testing for the screening of large populations. The comparisons of large and small scale testing procedures also provided the basis defining a new trait, ‘M-extensibility’, which is obtained from protein content and selected Mixograph data. This parameter was able to be measured more accurately and was shown to be closely related to the traditional extensibility measurement, and thus very useful for molecular/genetic analysis. The M-extensibility trait could be mapped as a major QTL to LMW-glutenin subunit loci on chromosomes 1B and 1D.

Discovery and Transfer of Genes from Wild Zea Germplasm to Improve Grain Oil and Protein Composition of Temperate Maize

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Smith ◽  
Nurit Katzir ◽  
Susan McCouch ◽  
Yaakov Tadmor
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Advanced Backcross ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Project Objectives

Project Objectives 1. Develop and amplify two interspecific populations (annual and perennial teosintes x elite maize inbred) as the basis for genetic analysis of grain quality. 2. Identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) from teosinte that improve oil, protein, and essential amino acid composition of maize grain. 3. Develop near isogenic lines (NILs) to quantify QTL contributions to grain quality and as a resource for future breeding and gene cloning efforts. 4. Analyze the contribution of these QTLs to hybrid performance in both the US and Israel. 5. Measure the yield potential of improved grain quality hybrids. (NOTE: Yield potential could not be evaluated due to environmentally-caused failure of the breeding nursery where seed was produced for this evaluation.) Background: Maize is a significant agricultural commodity worldwide. As an open pollinated crop, variation within the species is large and, in most cases, sufficient to supply the demand for modem varieties and for new environments. In recent years there is a growing demand for maize varieties with special quality attributes. While domesticated sources of genetic variation for high oil and protein content are limited, useful alleles for these traits may remain in maize's wild relative, teosinte. We utilized advanced backcross (AB) analysis to search for QTLs contributing to oil and protein content from two teosinte accessions: Zea mays ssp. mexicana Race Chalco, an annual teosinte (referred to as Chalco), and Z diploperennis Race San Miguel, a perennial teosinte (referred to as Diplo). Major Conclusions and Achievements Two NILs targeting a Diplo introgression in bin 1.04 showed a significant increase in oil content in homozygous sib-pollinated seed when compared to sibbed seed of their counterpart non-introgressed controls. These BC4S2 NILs, referred to as D-RD29 and D-RD30, carry the Diplo allele in bin 1.04 and the introgression extends partially into bins 1.03 and 1.05. These NILs remain heterozygous in bins 4.01 and 8.02, but otherwise are homozygous for the recurrent parent (RD6502) alleles. NILs were developed also for the Chalco introgression in bin 1.04 but these do not show any improvement in oil content, suggesting that the Chalco alleles differ from the Diplo alleles in this region. Testcross Fl seed and sibbed grain from these Fl plants did not show any effect on oil content from this introgression, suggesting that it would need to be present in both parents of a maize hybrid to have an effect on oil content. Implications, both Scientific and Agricultural The Diplo region identified increases oil content by 12.5% (from 4.8% to 5.4% oil in the seed). Although this absolute difference is not large in agronomic terms, this locus could provide additive increases to oil content in combination with other maize-derived loci for high oil. To our knowledge, this is the first confirmed report of a QTL from teosinte for improved grain oil content in maize. It suggests that further research on grain quality alleles from maize wild relatives would be of both scientific and agricultural interest.

scholarly journals The plant nutrition impact on the quality and quantity parameters of maize hybrids grain yield based on different statistical methods

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-573
Author(s):  
Árpád Illés ◽  
S. M. Nasir Mousavi ◽  
Csaba Bojtor ◽  
Janos Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Npk Fertilizer

AbstractIn recent years, producers of agricultural products have increased the use of chemical fertilizers per unit area. The goal of this research was to analyze the interaction of genotype in treatment (NPK fertilizer) on grain yield, protein content, oil content, and the starch content on 13 maize hybrids using analysis by the model of additive and multiplier effects AMMI and to evaluate genotypes, treatments, and their interactions using biplot in Hungary. Treatments include NPK0 (N: 0 kg/ha, P2O5:0 kg/ha, K2O: 0 kg/ha), NPK1 (N: 30 kg/ha, P2O5: 23 kg/ha, K2O: 27 kg/ha), NPK2 (N: 60 kg/ha, P2O5: 46 kg/ha, K2O: 54 kg/ha), NPK3 (N: 90 kg/ha, P2O5: 69 kg/ha, K2O: 81 kg/ha), NPK4 (N: 120 kg/ha, P2O5: 92 kg/ha, K2O: 108 kg/ha), NPK5 (N: 150 kg/ha, P2O5: 115 kg/ha, K2O: 135 kg/ha) in four replications based on complete randomized block design in 2019. The NPK fertilizer effects indicate that the fertilizers are different on yield genotype. AMMI analysis showed that there was a significant difference between genotypes, treatment, and the interaction effect of genotype * treatment at one percent. Besides, the maximum yield had Loupiac and NPK3 on grain yield, Loupiac and NPK2 on oil content, P0023, and NPK3 for starch content, DKC 3/ES4725 (DKC4725) and NPK3 for protein content. Also, GGE biplot analysis indicates that had maximum grain yield in Loupiac, protein content in P9978, oil content in MV Maronetta, and starch content in Sushi.

VARIABILTY OF OIL AND PROTEIN CONTENT IN RAPESEED CULTIVARS AFFECTED BY SEEDING DATE

2017 ◽  
pp. 404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Balalic ◽  
Ana Marjanovic-Jeromela ◽  
Jovan Crnobarac ◽  
Sreten Terzic ◽  
Velimir Radic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
First Year ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Rapeseed Cultivar ◽  
Cropping Seasons

The aim of this study was to determine the variability of oil and protein content in winter rapeseed cultivars affected by seeding date. Four cultivars (Banaćanka, Slavica, Express, Valeska) were sown at six seeding dates (SD1-21 August, SD2-31 August, SD3-10 September, SD4-21 September, SD5-1 October, SD6-9 October) across two cropping seasons. The trial was arranged as Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the effect of year, cultivar and seeding date were highly significant for oil and protein content. Increased oil content in the second year (2010/2011) was related to weather conditions which were favorable for rapeseed. However, protein content was significantly higher in the first year (2009/2010). Oil content ranged between 41.19% (Valeska) and 42.69% (Express). Significantly lowest oil content across seeding dates was found in SD6 (40.67%), and highest in SD4 (41.86%) and SD1 (41.61%). Valeska showed significantly highest mean protein content (21.54%). Protein content was highest in SD6 (20.18%). Oil content decreased with delayed seeding. Highly significant negative correlation (r = -0.730) existed between oil and protein content. Seeding date had significant influence on oil and protein content in rapeseed. Cultivar Express and SD4 can be pointed out, based on the achieved oil content, and cultivar Valeska for high protein content. Study results may be helpful in recommending optimal rapeseed seeding date in the region.

scholarly journals 862 PB 541 VARIATION IN MINT GERMPLASM FOR CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 557b-557
Author(s):  
M. Rawgappa ◽  
H.L. Bhardwaj ◽  
A.I. Mohamed ◽  
M.E. Showhda ◽  
M.E. Kraemer
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Lower Protein ◽  
Population Interactions ◽  
Whole Plants

Thirty-five mint accessions were evaluated during 1993 for agronomic characteristics (leaf texture, color, and pubescence), plant vigor, cold hardiness, insect population interactions, and contents of essential oils, ash, and total protein. These accessions were obtained from National Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, Oregon during 1992. The rhizomes were planted in the greenhouse on April 2, 1992 and transplanted to the field on May 29, 1992 as a randomized complete block design with three replications. The chemical composition data from whole plants indicated that ash content was dependent upon location from which an accession was collected, ploidy level (diploid vs. polyploid), type of mint (peppermint vs. spearmint), and genetics (hybrid vs. non-hybrid). Diploid accessions had significantly higher essential oil content. The protein content was higher in peppermint types than spearmint types. The hybrid accessions had lower protein content in comparison to non-hybrids.

scholarly journals Effect of harvest period on the quality of storage roots and protein content of the leaves in five cassava cultivars (Manihot esculenta, Crantz)

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edvaldo Sagrilo ◽  
Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho ◽  
Manoel Genildo Pequeno ◽  
Carlos Alberto Scapim ◽  
Maria Celeste Gonçalves Vidigal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Fresh Matter

The effect of harvest period on the quality of storage roots and leaves of cassava cultivars was determined in an experiment carried out in a randomized complete block design with four replications in a split plot scheme, with five cultivars in the plots and ten harvest times in the subplots. The IAC 13 cultivar had the highest rate of dry matter accumulation in the storage roots and the Mico cultivar the lowest. The period of least dry matter content in the storage roots occurred later for the Fécula Branca, Mico and IAC 14 cultivars, and the minimum starch content in the storage roots occurred later for the Fécula Branca and Mico cultivars. In general, the IAC 13, IAC 14 and Fécula Branca cultivars had higher dry matter content in the storage roots, while higher starch content in the dry and fresh matter were obtained in the Fécula Branca cultivar. The crude protein content in the leaves decreased as the plant aged.

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