scholarly journals Three New Maize Hybrids for Afghanistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 349
Author(s):  
Rajiv Sharma ◽  
Qudratullah Soofizada ◽  
Mohammad Hashim Azmatyar ◽  
Elias Mohmand
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Yielding Ability ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Maize Varieties

Afghanistan grows maize in about 0.15 m ha with an annual production hovering around 300,000 tonnes. The country does not have any officially released commercial maize hybrid and relies only on open pollinated varieties for cultivating maize. The countries in region enjoy much higher productivity levels ranging from 3.5 to 5.00 tonnes per ha compared to 2.2 tonnes per ha of Afghanistan. Several maize hybrids were introduced from CIMMYT to test them for adaptation and yielding ability in Afghanistan for the purpose of releasing them in the country. The three public sector maize hybrids described in this communication were tested at several locations viz., Nangarhar province, Kabul, Baghlan and Helmand in Afghanistan during 2012 to 2014 crop seasons. The hybrids/inbreds bred by CIMMYT were tested against the currently grown open pollinated (OP) varieties and they yielded on an average 31 to 38% higher than the currently popular open pollinated maize varieties. The hybrids were released for commercial cultivation in 2014.

scholarly journals Nickel Toxicity Induced Changes in Nutrient Dynamics and Antioxidant Profiling in Two Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Amjad ◽  
Hasan Raza ◽  
Behzad Murtaza ◽  
Ghulam Abbas ◽  
Muhammad Imran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Elevated Level ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Nickel Toxicity ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Growth Physiology ◽  
Induced Changes

Nickel (Ni) is among the essential micronutrient heavy metals utilized by plants. However, an elevated level of Ni causes serious concerns for plants’ physiology and their survival. This study evaluated the mechanisms influencing the growth, physiology, and nutrient dynamics in two commercial maize hybrids (Syngenta and Pioneer) exposed to Ni treatments in hydroponics nutrient solution (NS). Seedlings were raised in plastic trays with quartz sand, and subsequently transferred to Hoagland’s NS at the two leaves stage. After three days of transplantation, Ni levels of 0, 20, and 40 mg L−1 were maintained in the nutrient solution. After 30 days of Ni treatments, seedlings were harvested and different growth, physiological, and nutrient concentrations were determined. The results showed that with increasing Ni concentration, the growth of maize hybrids was significantly reduced, and the maize hybrid, Pioneer, showed significantly higher growth than that of Syngenta at all levels of Ni. Higher growth in Pioneer is ascribed to elevated levels of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GR, APX, and POX), lower damage to cellular membranes (i.e., higher MSI and lower MDA), and higher tissue nutrient concentrations (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cu). Furthermore, the maize hybrids showed a difference in nutrient translocation from root to shoot which could be one of the factors responsible for differential response of these hybrids against Ni treatments.

scholarly journals Response Of Maize Varieties To Sowing Dates In Inner Terai Region, Dang, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Pukar Khanal ◽  
Rupak Karn ◽  
Pratibha Budhathoki Chhetri ◽  
Samita Karki ◽  
Shrawan Kumar Sah
Keyword(s):  
Unit Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Spring Season ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Hybrid Maize

AbstractSowing dates and varieties affect the productivity of maize. A field experiment was conducted to find out the response of maize hybrids to sowing dates on growth and productivity of maize in spring season at Lamahi, Dang in 2019. The experiment was laid out in two factor factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with four replications. The treatment consisted of combination of three different sowing dates (February 1, February12 and February 23) and two maize varieties (Arun-2 i.e. OPV and hybrid Bioseed-9220).The result revealed that earlier planting on February 1 produced the highest yield (8265 Kg ha-1) which was significantly superior than latter planting of February 12(6099 kg ha-1)and February 23 (5934 kg ha-1).The higher yield in earlier planting was due to significantly higher no of kernel per ear, non-significant but higher number of cob per unit area, thousand grain weight. Similarly, Bioseed 9220 produced higher yield (7798 kg ha-1) compared to Arun-2 (5,734 kg ha-1). The higher yield of hybrid Bioseed 9220 was because of higher number of cob per unit area harvested and more number of kernel per cob. Therefore, earlier planting with hybrid maize is recommended in spring season of Dang and locations with similar climatic conditions for higher productivity of maize.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Fusarium species in maize grains for silage

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 1235-1240
Author(s):  
V. Krnjaja ◽  
J. Levic ◽  
S. Stankovic ◽  
Z. Bijelic ◽  
V. Mandic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Nutrient Agar ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Genus Fusarium ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Late Maturity

Grain samples of two maize hybrids, medium early (ZP434) and late maturity (ZP704), collected during harvest in 2008 were investigated for contamination by fungi. Grains were plated on agar media and grown fungi were identified by morphological macroscopic and microscopic characteristics on potato-dextrose agar (PDA) and synthetic nutrient agar (SNA). Species of the genus Fusarium were the most common in both hybrids, and their presence amounted to 33.89% (ZP434) and 42% (ZP704). Other fungi of genera, Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Nigrospora, Penicillium, Rhizopus and Trichotecium, were isolated from 0 to 41%. Four species belonging to the genus Fusarium were identified, of which the species F. verticillioides was the most common with 28.63% in ZP434 and 30.5% in ZP704 hybrids. The presence of F. graminearum, F. proliferatum and F. subglutinans ranged from 3% (ZP704) to 5% (ZP434), 0.13% (ZP434) to 7% (ZP704) and 0.13% (ZP434) to 7% (ZP704), respectively. Generally, the incidence of every particular fungus was higher in the late maize hybrid with a higher moisture content than in the medium-early hybrid with a lower moisture content.

scholarly journals Identification of high yielding maize hybrids through genetic diversity analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrashekar Rangu ◽  
Sangilimuthu Alagar Yadav ◽  
Ghosh Syamal Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Character ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Genetic Diversity Analysis ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
High Consumption ◽  
Food Shortages ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
High Yields

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important crops in cereals with respect to its uses, adaptability and potentiality. There is a great need for the development of high yielding hybrids, to fulfill the high consumption of the increasing population. The present study was designed to identify the superior hybrid combinations in maize through diversity analysis of 30 Maize lines and 5 testers. Morphological character values of these lines were subjected to D2 statistics. Based on the D2 values, the experimental material (30 lines & 5 testers) has been grouped in to 6 clusters. Toucher’s method was used for calculating inter-cluster distances. The highest value of inter-cluster distance (1625509) was observed from cluster V to cluster VI and next between cluster V & III (1169553) and followed by cluster I & V (1078876). More diversity observed in between these clusters since having more inter-cluster distances. When we cross the lines from V & VI clusters there are high chances for getting good heterotic hybrids. From this study we have recommended 16 hybrids for farmer cultivation. The recommended hybrids (L29 X T3), (L29 X T5), (L2 X T3), (L5 X T3), (L22 X T3), (L11 X T3), (L30 X T3), (L24 X T3), (L19 X T3), (L2 X T5), (L5 X T5), (L22 X T5), (L11 X T5), (L30 X T5), (L24 X T5), (L19 X T5) will support farmers in commercial cultivation to achieve good yields. To the society, these hybrids may be the source for over-coming food shortages and demand by their high yields.

scholarly journals Single-Parent Expression of Anti-sense RNA Contributes to Transcriptome Complementation in Maize Hybrid

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangbo Zhang ◽  
Yongwen Qi
Keyword(s):  
Histone H3 ◽  
Single Parent ◽  
General Mechanism ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
High Level Expression ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Important Regulator ◽  
High Level

Anti-sense transcription is increasingly being recognized as an important regulator of gene expression. But the transcriptome complementation of anti-sense RNA in hybrid relative to their inbred parents was largely unknown. In this study, we profiled strand-specific RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) in a maize hybrid and its inbred parents (B73 and Mo17) in two tissues. More anti-sense transcripts were present in the hybrid compared with the parental lines. We detected 293 and 242 single-parent expression of anti-sense (SPEA) transcripts in maize immature ear and leaf tissues, respectively. There was little overlap of the SPEA transcripts between the two maize tissues. These results suggested that SPEA is a general mechanism that drives extensive complementation in maize hybrids. More importantly, extremely high-level expression of anti-sense transcripts was associated with low-level expression of the cognate sense transcript by reducing the level of histone H3 lysine 36 methylation (H3K36me3). In summary, these SPEA transcripts increased our knowledge about the transcriptomic complementation in hybrid.

scholarly journals Effect of Herbicides on Yield and Yield Components of Hybrid Maize (Zea mays)

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 729-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.A. KHAN ◽  
G. HASSAN ◽  
N. MALIK ◽  
R. KHAN ◽  
H. KHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Hybrid Maize

ABSTRACT Maize crop (Zea mays) is facing lots of problems from different pests throughout Asia, including Pakistan. Weed infestation is one of the serious pests that remarkably decrease the grain yield in maize. In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan, the trend of maize hybrid cultivation is gaining the attention of the farmers due to its higher production. Therefore, in this research we tested herbicides (Stomp 330 E, Dual gold 960 EC, 2,4-D, ester) in maize hybrids (P-3025, P-32T78, P-3203). The experiment was done in RCB design with split plots arrangement, where maize hybrids were kept in main plots, while herbicides were assigned to the subplots. Each treatment was repeated three times at the New Developmental Farm (NDF), at the Peshawar University of Agriculture, Pakistan. Results revealed that both hybrids and herbicides significantly increased plant height, biological yield and grain yield. However, the lowest weed density (142.50 m-2) was observed in Dual Gold 960 EC treated plots. Similarly, plant height (247.188 cm) and grain yield (2.253 ton ha-1) was maximum in maize hybrid P-3025 and Dual gold treated plots. From the instant experiment, it is concluded that the Dual gold 960 EC herbicide is declared as the best herbicide for weed suppression in maize, while maize hybrid P-3025 was the best hybrid giving maximum yield in the study.

scholarly journals Potencial forrajero de nueve híbridos de maíz en la zona alta lechera de Costa Rica

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
William Sánchez-Ledezma ◽  
Carlos Hidalgo-Ardón
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Hybrid Maize

In the area, there are no selected maize materials for forage production, tall and long-cycle creole maize varieties are used, there are overturning problems that make management difficult. The study was conducted in the dairy highlands of Costa Rica at an altitude of 2200 m, between 2008 and 2009. This study was made in order to compare the forage production and the nutritive value of nine maize hybrids (Zea mays) with local oats (Avena sativa) in a randomized design of complete blocks and three replicates. Harvesting took place at grain stage called milky-doughy (4 and 6.5 months for oats and maize hybrids). Oats had a dry matter yield (14 t/ha) and dry matter digestibility (8.7 t/ha) higher (P<0.0001) than hybrids (7.8 and 4.9, respectively). Although hybrids showed a higher (p<0.05) percentage of dry matter (mean 19.2) and in vitro dry matter digestibility (mean 63.2), oats had percentages of 16.7 and 61.9 within the same order. The percentage of crude protein in oats (14.2) was higher (p <0.05) than maize hybrids (mean 10.9). The creole oat variety showed a higher forage resource than the evaluated hybrid maize.

EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FOLIAR FEEDINGS WITH NITROGEN-CONTAINING FERTILIZERS AS EXEMPLIFIED BY MAIZE

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-54
Author(s):  
I.N. IVASHENENKO ◽  
◽  
V.N. BAGRINTSEVA
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Stavropol Krai

The studies were aimed at determining the methods for the effective use of nitrogen fertilizers on maize. In the course of the studies, the authors put forward a hypothesis that the foliar use of nitrogen-containing agrochemicals can significantly increase the productivity of maize. They assessed the economic efficiency of foliar application of conventional nitrogen fertilizer (urea) and new nitrogen-containing agrochemicals to maize hybrids of different ripeness groups. The study purpose was to make a comparative effectiveness assessment of the foliar feeding of maize hybrids belonging to different ripening groups with urea as well as organic fertilizer Batr 40 Azot and antistressant stimulant Vuksal Aminoplant. The studies were conducted on the experimental field of the All Russian Research Institute of Maize located at a distance of 3 km from the Pyatigorskiy settlement in the Prdgorniy District of the Stavropol Krai, at an altitude of 541 m above sea level, 44° north latitude, 43° east longitudes in a zone of sufficient moisture. The effect of two factors was studied in the field experiment: factor A – maize hybrids, factor B – foliar fertilization. The varieties used in the study of factor A included early ripening maize hybrid Mashuk 185 MV (FAO 180), mid-early ripening maize hybrid Mashuk 220 MB (FAO 220), and mid-ripening maize hybrid Mashuk 355 MB (FAO 350). The following options were studied Ь as factor B: without fertilizers; foliar application of Batr 40 Azot (3.0 l/ha), Vuksal Aminoplant (1.5 l/ha), and urea (N10). It was found that in the zone of sufficient moisture on the ordinary carbonate thick heavy loamy chernozem of the Stavropol Krai foliar application of nitrogencontaining fertilizers had a positive effect on the growth and productivity of maize hybrids. On average for 2018–2020, foliar feeding of plants in the phase of 7–8 leaves with agrochemicals Batr 40 Azot (3.0 l/ha) and Vuksal Aminoplant (1.5 l/ha) increased the yield of green mass of hybrid Mashuk 185 MV by 3.63–3.97 t/ha (11–12%); the yield of green mass of the hybrid Mashuk 220 MV increased by 6.85–7.46 t/ha (24–26%); the yield of green mass of the hybrid Mashuk 355 MV increased by 4.63–5.05 t/ha (14–16%). The grain yield of the hybrid Mashuk 185 MV increased by 0.21–0.47 t/ha (3–8%); the grain yield of the hybrid Mashuk 220 MV increased by 0.37–0.49 t/ha (7–9%); the grain yield of the hybrid Mashuk 355 MV increased by 0.30–0.33 t/ha (5–6%). Fertilizing maize hybrids with agrochemicals Batr 40 Azot (3.0 l/ha) and Vuksal Aminoplant (1.5 l/ha) at a dose of N10 provided higher green mass and grain yield as compared to urea (carbamide). The mid-early ripening hybrid Mashuk 220 MB was most responsive to foliar application of nitrogen-containing fertilizers. The costs of using fertilizers Batr 40 Nitrogen (3.0 l/ha), Vuksal Aminoplant (1.5 l/ha), and urea (N10) for foliar dressing were compensated by the income received. The highest average payback of 1 ruble spent on maize hybrids was noted for foliar feeding of plants with the fertilizer Batr 40 Nitrogen at a dose of 3.0 l/ha (1.31 rubles of income) and Vuksal Aminoplant at a dose of 1.5 l/ha (1.11 rubles of income).

New maize hybrids from Szeged and their specific production technology

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Széll ◽  
S. Szél ◽  
L. Kálmán
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Specific Production ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Genetic Potential

Four maize hybrids bred at the Cereal Research Non-Profit Company in Szeged were registered at the National Institute for Agricultural Quality Control (OMMI) during the period 2001-2004. The registration of five Szeged hybrids is expected on the territory of the European Union in 2005-2006. The hybrids are accompanied by specific production technological guides for commercial production based on the results of agronomy trials, so that the genetic potential of the hybrids can be utilised in practical farming to the highest possible extent. The specific agronomic traits of hybrids with different vegetation periods and genotypes are investigated. If a maize hybrid is to be recommended to farmers, it is necessary to know not only its yield potential, but also its yield stability. For this reason, investigations are also made on the effect of soil and climate on the grain yield potential of each hybrid individually.

Modeling N Concentration and Uptake for Maize Hybrids under Growth Stage-Based Deficit Irrigations

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 2067-2081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quanxiao Fang ◽  
Liwang Ma ◽  
Thomas J. Trout ◽  
Louise H. Comas ◽  
Kendall C. DeJonge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Irrigation Treatments ◽  
Crop N Uptake ◽  
N Demand

Abstract. Current maize hybrids have lower critical aboveground biomass nitrogen (N) concentration (TCNP) and grain N concentration (GNC) compared to older hybrids, but few crop models have incorporated this trend. The objective of this study was to evaluate alternative algorithms for calculating TCNP (biomass-based method) and GNC (grain N demand based on N dilution curve) for predicting crop N concentration and N uptake for a current maize hybrid in the CERES-Maize model as implemented in the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM). Experimental data were obtained from a field study on maize irrigated to meet various percentages (40% to 100%) of evapotranspiration demand at both vegetative and reproductive stages in 2012 and 2013 in Greeley, Colorado. The original RZWQM showed little response of aboveground N concentration (AGBNC) to the irrigation treatments and overpredicted GNC in both years. As a result, crop N uptake was generally overpredicted, with root mean square error (RMSE) values of 28 to 60 kg N ha-1 for the two years. Adjusted coefficients in the original TCNP and GNC algorithms (RZWQM_ADJ) effectively reduced the overpredicted GNC but with less improvement in response to the irrigation treatments in 2013 compared with the original RZWQM simulations. The RZWQM with modified TCNP and GNC algorithms simulated lower GNC and AGBNC than the original version, significantly improved the responses to the irrigation treatments, and captured the variations in measured GNC among seasons. The corresponding crop N uptake simulations improved more in 2012 than in 2013, with lower RMSE values of 16 to 32 kg N ha-1 than the original and RZWQM_ADJ versions. The better-predicted grain N uptake by the alternative algorithms could be helpful to making better crop N management decisions under different deficit irrigation conditions. Keywords: CERES-Maize, Crop N concentration, Crop N demand, Crop N uptake, Deficit irrigation, Maize hybrid, RZWQM.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document