scholarly journals Cold stress modifies bioactive compounds of kale cultivars during fall–winter harvests

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Jurkow ◽  
Agata Wurst ◽  
Andrzej Kalisz ◽  
Agnieszka Sękara ◽  
Stanisław Cebula
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
Before And After

Kale is a plant known and valued since antiquity as a healthy vegetable crop, used for culinary, decorative, but also healing purposes. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of harvest date on physiological status and nutritional composition of two kale cultivars: ‘Winterbor’ F<sub>1</sub> (blue-green leaves) and ‘Redbor’ F<sub>1</sub> (red-purple leaves). The leaves were harvested in three periods: before frost (&gt;0°C), after medium (−5.0°C) and heavy frost (−15.0°C). Content of dry weight, soluble sugars, l-ascorbic acid, carotenoids, chlorophylls, polyphenols, anthocyanins, as well as antioxidant activity and peroxidase activity were determined. Cold temperature significantly affected bioactive compounds of kale. The content of dry weight, soluble sugars, l-ascorbic acid, phenolics, and antioxidant activity increased after medium frosts for both cultivars. The level of anthocyanins also increased significantly for the ‘Redbor’ F<sub>1</sub> cultivar. After strong frost, most of the tested parameters (content of dry weight, soluble sugars, phenolics, anthocyanins, and total antioxidant and peroxidase activity) significantly increased. The chlorophyll <em>a</em> content was reduced by heavy frost in both seasons. Harvesting kale before and after frost may allow the level of biologically active ingredients to be regulated as cold also significantly affects the physiological status of the plants.

scholarly journals Nutritional Value and Bioactive Compounds in Andean Ancient Grains

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ritva Repo-Carrasco-Valencia
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Lupinus Mutabilis ◽  
Very High

Quinoa (Cheopodium quinoa), kañiwa (Cheopodium pallidicaule), kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus) and tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis) are ancient crops from the Andean region of South America. Recently, interest in these crops has grown, and worldwide demand for them has increased considerably. The aim of this study was to study the bioactive compounds and nutritional compositions of different varieties/ecotypes of quinoa, kañiwa, kiwicha and tarwi. Proximate, mineral, dietary fibre, fatty acid and amino acid compositions were evaluated. The content of phenolic compounds, tocopherols and phytosterols, and the folic acid and antioxidant capacity, were determined as well. The protein content of the grains was between 13.00% and 20.00%. More important than protein quantity is protein quality, which is demonstrated by the composition of the amino acids. All analysed grains, and especially the kañiwa, had very high lysine content. This amino acid is especially important in vegetarian diets because it is the limiting amino acid in cereal protein. The content of the total phenolic compounds in the studied grains was 27–58 mg gallic acid/100 g of sample. In quinoa, the principal flavonoids found were quercetin and kaempferol, in kañiwa quercetin and isorhamnetin. In kiwicha, no detectable amounts of flavonoids were found. Plant sterols (phytosterols) were another group of biologically active compounds detected. Andean lupin, tarwi, is very rich in oil, which has a beneficial nutritional composition. In conclusion, all studied grains have a very high nutritional value, are interesting sources of bioactive compounds and could be used as ingredients in health-promoting functional foods.

scholarly journals Nutrients and bioactive compounds of pulp, peel and seed from umbu fruit

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leilson de Oliveira Ribeiro ◽  
Eliseth de Souza Viana ◽  
Ronoel Luiz de Oliveira Godoy ◽  
Sidinea Cordeiro de Freitas ◽  
Suely Pereira Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Fresh Pulp ◽  
Main Barrier ◽  
By Products

ABSTRACT: The objective of this research was to evaluate the nutritional composition and bioactive compounds of whole umbu fruit, including pulp, seed and peel, and also of a commercial umbu pulp. Samples of the fractions and of commercial pulp were analyzed for determination of minerals and proximate composition, total phenolic and antioxidant activity. Pulps and peel were also analyzed for vitamin C and carotenoids contents. Commercial pulp presented better nutritional composition than fresh pulp (P<0.05) and the peel presented higher phenolic content and antioxidant activity than seed. Peel also stood out by its vitamin C (79 mg.100 g-1) and total carotenoids (2,751 µg.100 g-1) contents, showing that, as the main barrier of the fruit for its protection, it is a fraction rich in bioactive compounds. The highest dietary fiber and iron contents were observed in umbu seed (P<0.05). Therefore, umbu by-products may be ingredients proper for development of food richer in nutrients and bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Some nutritional constituents in bulbs of selected Allium cultivars

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Leja ◽  
Anna Kołton ◽  
Iwona Kamińska ◽  
Gabriela Wyżgolik ◽  
Wojciech Matuszak
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Pyruvic Acid ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Edible Part ◽  
Onion Bulbs ◽  
Nutritional Constituents

Abstract Two years experiment was carried out to compare the nutritional composition in bulbs of ten onion cultivars grown in the field conditions. Pyruvic acid, ascorbic acid and soluble sugars were determined in the edible part of onion bulbs. In most cultivars the content of pyruvate as the pungency index was ranged between 3-7 μmol g-1 fresh weight (medium pungency), however, three of them exceeded 7 μmol g-1 fresh weight (high pungency). A higher level of pyruvate corresponded in most cases with higher sugar content but was not correlated with that of ascorbic acid.

scholarly journals Carlina vulgaris L. as a Source of Phytochemicals with Antioxidant Activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Strzemski ◽  
Magdalena Wójciak-Kosior ◽  
Ireneusz Sowa ◽  
Daniel Załuski ◽  
Wojciech Szwerc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Open Cast Mining ◽  
Antioxidant Potency

The methanol extracts from three populations of Carlina vulgaris L. were examined for the chlorogenic acid content, mineral content, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity. Two populations originated from natural nonmetallicolous habitats (NN (populations from Nasiłów) and NP (populations from Pińczów)), and one metallicolous population (MB) was collected from Bolesław waste heap localized at the place of former open-cast mining of Ag-Pb and Zn-Pb ores dating back to the 13th century and 18th century, respectively. The level of Zn, Pb, Cd, Fe, Ni, and Mn was significantly higher in the root and leaves of MB plants as a result of soil contaminations compared to those of the NN and NP ones. The highest antioxidant potency has been showed by the plants growing in a nonmetallicolous habitat. The flower head extracts obtained from the nonmetallicolous populations also contained the largest amount of chlorogenic acid, whereas the lowest was determined in the roots (ca. 2–3.5 mg/g and 0.2–0.4 mg/g of air-dry weight, resp.). These studies provide important information on the influence of a habitat on the quality of herbal materials and the content of the biologically active primary and secondary metabolites.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity Exerted by Total Extracts of Germander

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 3242-3244
Author(s):  
Raul Chioibas ◽  
Razvan Susan ◽  
Monica Susan ◽  
Ovidiu Mederle ◽  
Delia Berceanu Vaduva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Teucrium Polium ◽  
Active Substances

In the present research, ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Teucrium polium (germander) were studied regarding the content of biologically active substances - in particular polyphenols - antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity. The extracts have been found to be rich in polyphenolic compounds, kaempferol and epichatechin have been found to be present in the highest concentrations. The antioxidant activity evaluated by the method of capturing the free radicals with DPPH revealed values close to those produced by the ascorbic acid. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the diffusimetric method and S. aureus and E. coli microorganisms were found to be the most sensitive while P. aeruginosa and fungal species were not sensitive.

scholarly journals Proximate Composition, Bioactive Compounds, and Antioxidant Potential of Wild Halophytes Grown in Coastal Salt Marsh Habitats

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Yasser A. El-Amier ◽  
Walid Soufan ◽  
Khalid F. Almutairi ◽  
Nouf S. Zaghloul ◽  
Ahmed M. Abd-ElGawad
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Coastal Salt Marsh ◽  
Total Carbohydrates ◽  
Nile Delta Coast

Halophytes have been characterized as a potential resource for fiber, food, fodder, and bioactive compounds. Proximate composition, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity of five wild dominant halophytes (Arthrocnemummacrostachyum, Halocnemumstrobilaceum, Limoniastrummonopetalum, Limoniastrumpruinosum, and Tamarix nilotica) naturally growing along the Nile Delta coast were assessed. The soil supporting these halophytes was sandy to sand-silty, alkaline, with low organic carbon, and relatively high CaCO3. H. strobilaceum attained the highest moisture content, ash, crude fiber, lipids, and total soluble sugars. L. monopetalum showed the highest content of crude protein (18.00%), while T. nilotica had the highest content of total carbohydrates. The studied halophytes can be ranked according to their nutritive value as follows: H.strobilaceum > L.monopetalum > A.macrostachyum > L.pruinosum > T. nilotica. A. macrostachyum attained the highest amount of Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+. A. macrostachyum showed a high content of phenolic compounds, while H.strobilaceum was rich in tannins and saponin contents. The MeOH extract of A. macrostachyum and H. strobilaceum exhibited substantial antioxidant activity. The present results showed that the studied halophytes could be considered as candidates for forage production or used as green eco-friendly natural resources for bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Capsaicinoids, Polyphenols and Antioxidant Activities of Capsicum annuum: Comparative Study of the Effect of Ripening Stage and Cooking Methods

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansor Hamed ◽  
Diganta Kalita ◽  
Michael E. Bartolo ◽  
Sastry S. Jayanty
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Cooking Methods ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Green Stage

Peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) are an important crop usually consumed as food or spices. Peppers contain a wide range of phytochemicals, such as capsaicinoids, phenolics, ascorbic acid, and carotenoids. Capsaicinoids impart the characteristic pungent taste. The study analyzed capsaicinoids and other bioactive compounds in different pepper cultivars at both the mature green and red stages. The effect of roasting on their nutritional content was also investigated. In the cultivars tested, the levels of capsaicin ranged from 0 to 3636 µg/g in the mature green stage and from 0 to 4820 µg/g in the red/yellow stage. The concentration of dihydrocapsaicin ranged from 0 to 2148 µg/g in the mature green stage and from 0 to 2162 µg/g in the red/yellow stage. The levels of capsaicinoid compounds in mature green and red /yellow stages were either reduced or increased after roasting depending on the cultivar. The ranges of total phenolic and total flavonoids compounds were 2096 to 7689, and 204 to 962 µg/g, respectively, in the green and red/yellow mature stage pods. Ascorbic acid levels in the peppers ranged from 223 to 1025 mg/ 100 g Dry Weight (DW). Both raw and roasted peppers possessed strong antioxidant activity as determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) reagent (DPPH, 61–87%) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS, 73–159 µg/g) assays. Ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity decreased after roasting in the mature green and red stages, whereas total phenolics and flavonoids increased except in the mature green stage of Sweet Delilah and yellow stage of Canrio.

scholarly journals QUALITY, BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY DURING MATURATION OF ORANGES PRODUCED IN THE BORBOREMA TERRITORY

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 526-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTÔNIO FERNANDO DA SILVA ◽  
BRUNO MARTINS DA SILVA ◽  
ALEX SANDRO BEZERRA DE SOUSA ◽  
VANDA MARIA DE AQUINO FIGUEIREDO ◽  
REJANE MARIA NUNES MENDONÇA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Family Farming ◽  
Total Antioxidant

ABSTRACT The family farming from the Borborema Territory-PB, Brazil, produces sweet oranges that supply the regional market. In this context, it is necessary to define standards of identity and quality, as well as to quantify the bioactive compounds in the fruit, in view of adding value and creating more competitive markets. This work sought to evaluate the quality, bioactive compounds and total antioxidant activity (TAA) of oranges from family farming. A 3x3 factorial completely randomized design was used, with three cultivars (Baía, Comum, Mimo-do-Céu) and three maturity stages (predominantly green, green/yellow, yellow), with 60 replications of 1 fruit for the physical evaluations, and 4 of 15 fruit for the others. The whole fruits were evaluated by color index, length, diameter, fresh weight and firmness. The juice was assessed for yield, pH, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/AT ratio, and ascorbic acid. Total extractable polyphenols (TEP) and ABTS•+ and DPPH• total antioxidant activity (TAA) were measured in the juice and albedo. The 'Baía' and 'Mimo-do-Céu' oranges presented quality parameters aligned with the CEAGESP standards. On average, the ascorbic acid content was higher than 45 mg 100 g-1, with ‘Mimo-do-Céu’ presenting the highest content (50.26 mg 100 g-1). During maturation, the firmness decreased, and the SS, TEP and TAA of the juice and the albedo increased. In general, the TEP content was about eight-fold higher in the albedo than juice, corresponding to the much higher TAA in this portion, thereby highlighting its higher functional potential, especially for ‘Baía’ orange.

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