The study of moisture susceptibility for asphalt mixtures containing blast furnace slags

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicoleta Mariana Ene ◽  
Carmen Răcănel ◽  
Adrian Burlacu
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Natural Aggregate ◽  
Important Target ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
By Products

Nowadays, in the context of increasing traffic, extending road network, and environmental protection, an important target is to develop sustainable roads through the use of by-products derived from various manufacturing processes that can lead to the reduction of environmental degradation. Blast furnace slag is the resulting material during the casting processes of the iron. This is a non-metallic process that is obtained by melting the chemical compounds from the sterile, ash coxe, and the founders. As a result of global research, it has been found that an ecological asphalt mixture (with slags as aggregate) can be used as a pavement layer. However, there are inconveniences related to poor moisture susceptibility. In this context, this paper presents the study of moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixtures with blast furnace slags starting from a basic recipe of AC 31.5 type with natural aggregate and replacing the natural aggregate with slag in different percentages. The paper presents the tests carried out on 15 asphalt mixture recipes with partial and total replacement of natural aggregates with slag artificial aggregates and compared to a classic recipe where 100% natural aggregates were used. The used tests were chosen to characterize the water-related behavior: water absorption and indirect tensile strength test. The results indicate that asphalt mixture with slag aggregates can be a valuable resource in designing asphalt mixtures and satisfactory performance has been achieved.

scholarly journals Using the Industrial Wastes in the Base Layer of Pavement

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Lixandru Cătălina Georgiana ◽  
Dicu Mihai ◽  
Andrei Bogdan
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Dynamic Tests ◽  
Static And Dynamic Tests ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Furnace Slag

Abstract This paper evaluates the possibility of using artificial aggregates from blast furnace slag, considered industrial waste, which can replace, in a certain dosage, the natural aggregates in the composition of an AB 22,4 asphalt mixture. Furthermore, it is presented the possibility to replace the usual filler with powders from industrial wastes such as the desulphurization waste, generated by the combustion of the energetic coal. Laboratory studies and researches are carried out according to prescribed techniques. For this purpose, for the evaluation of the performance of the asphalt mixture recipes will be evaluated by static and dynamic tests as described in AND 605: 2016. The results of this study show the possibility of using asphalt mixtures with different dosages of industrial wastes in composition. The results obtained from the laboratory tests have shown that materials from industrial waste can be used in the design of asphalt mixtures with the purpose of replacing natural materials, used in certain dosages, which demonstrates good behavior in interaction with the usual bituminous binder.

scholarly journals Assessment of Moisture Susceptibility for Asphalt Mixtures Modified by Carbon Fibers

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huda Qasim Mawat ◽  
Mohammed Qadir Ismael
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Fatigue Cracking ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Paper Work ◽  
Indirect Tensile

Moisture induced damage in asphaltic pavement might be considered as a serious defect that contributed to growth other distresses such as permanent deformation and fatigue cracking. This paper work aimed through an experimental effort to assess the behaviour of asphaltic mixtures that fabricated by incorporating several dosages of carbon fiber in regard to the resistance potential of harmful effect of moisture in pavement. Laboratory tests were performed on specimens containing fiber with different lengths and contents. These tests are: Marshall Test, the indirect tensile test and the index of retained strength. The optimum asphalt contents were determined based on the Marshall method. The preparation of asphaltic mixtures involved three contents of carbon fiber namely (0.10%, 0.20%, and 0.30%) by weight of asphalt mixture and three lengths including (1.0, 2.0 and 3.0) cm. The results of this work lead to several conclusions that mainly refer to the benefits of the contribution of carbon fibers to improving the performance of asphalt mixtures, such as an increase in its stability and a decrease in the flow value as well as an increase in voids in the mixture. The addition of 2.0 cm length carbon fibers with 0.30 percent increased indirect tensile strength ratio by 11.23 percent and the index of retained strength by 12.52 percent. It is also found that 0.30 % by weight of the mixture is the optimum fiber content for the three lengths.

Mechanical Properties of Asphalt Mixture Reinforced with Cellulose-Polyester Hybrid Fibers

2012 ◽  
Vol 509 ◽  
pp. 142-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Chen ◽  
Deng Cheng Ma
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Hybrid Fibers ◽  
Moisture Sensitivity ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Polyester Fibers ◽  
Pet Fibers ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
Marshall Stability

With regards of discussing cellulose and polyester fibers reinforced asphalt mixtures, the contribution of cellulose (CEL) and polyester (PET) fibers had therefore been experimented. And on the basis of different reinforcement mechanisms, this research focused on the cellulose (CEL) - polyester (PET) hybrid fibers reinforced system, consequently determined the feasibility of utilizing CEL-PET hybrid fibers in asphalt mixture. Asphalt mixtures had been prepared, according to the specifications, following both the SHRP procedure and the traditional one. Mechanical characteristics of the mixtures were evaluated with Marshall stability (MS), indirect tensile strength (ITS), moisture sensitivity, high temperature rutting test and fatigue test. This study compared the performance of mixtures containing hybrid fibers with mixes made with and without commonly used cellulose and polyester fibers produced specifically for use in hot mix asphalt (HMA). The research results showed that no significant differences in MS, ITS or moisture susceptibility were found in mixtures containing hybrid fibers compared to cellulose or polyester. Also, the hybrid fibers significantly improved the permanent deformation resistance of the mixtures compared to cellulose fibers, say nothing of the control one without fibers.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Hot-Mix Asphalt Containing Portland Cement Treated Blast Furnace Slag

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-207
Author(s):  
H. A. Rondón-Quintana ◽  
J. C. Ruge-Cardenas ◽  
J. G. Bastidas-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Coarse Fraction ◽  
Highway Projects ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
Furnace Slag

AbstractIron production’s waste materials include significant quantities of blast furnace slag (BFS) which could potentially be used as a substitute for natural aggregates in hot mix asphalt (HMA) used in highway projects. Although many of properties of slag are interesting, its porosity and absorption rate would lead to greater consumption of asphalt. For this study, a Portland cement (PC) paste was used to reduce the porosity of a BFS. This PC treated BFS (called BFS-C) was then used in an HMA to replace the coarse fraction of a natural aggregate. Marshall, Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS), resilient modulus and Cantabro tests were then carried out on different HMA mixtures that included BFS-C. Using BFS-C, HMA’s resistance under monotonic loading, stiffness under cyclic loading, and resistance to moisture damage increased remarkably. In addition, the Cantabro abrasion resistance of BFS-C improved was better than that of the HMA mixture produced with untreated BFS.

scholarly journals Evaluations of Nano-Sized Hydrated Lime on the Moisture Susceptibility of Hot Mix Asphalt Mixtures

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 82-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Nan Shen ◽  
Zhao Xing Xie ◽  
Fei Peng Xiao ◽  
Wen Zhong Fan
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Indirect Tensile Strength ◽  
Moisture Resistance ◽  
Strength Ratio ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Indirect Tensile

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of nano-sized hydrated lime on the moisture susceptibility of the hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures in terms of three methodologies to introduce into the mixtures. The experimental design for this study included the utilizations of one binder source (PG 64-22), three aggregate sources and three different methods introducing the lime. A total of 12 types of HMA mixtures and 72 specimens were fabricated and tested in this study. The performed properties include indirect tensile strength (ITS), tensile strength ratio (TSR), flow, and toughness. The results indicated that the nano-sized lime exhibits better moisture resistance. Introducing process of the nano-sized lime will produce difference in moisture susceptibility.

scholarly journals Laboratory Evaluation of the Use of Florida Washed Shell in Open-Graded Asphalt Mixtures

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7060
Author(s):  
Mohammad Alharthai ◽  
Qing Lu ◽  
Ahmed Elnihum ◽  
Asad Elmagarhe
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Indirect Tensile Strength ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Void Content ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
Marshall Stability

This study investigates the substitution of conventional aggregate with a Florida washed shell in open-graded asphalt mixtures and evaluates the optimal substitution percentage in aggregate gradations of various nominal maximum aggregate sizes (NMASs) (i.e., 4.75, 9.5, and 12.5 mm). Laboratory experiments were performed on open-graded asphalt mixture specimens with the coarse aggregate of sizes between 2.36 and 12.5 mm being replaced by the Florida washed shell at various percentages (0, 15, 30, 45, and 100%). Specimen properties relevant to the performance of open-graded asphalt mixtures in the field were tested, evaluated, and compared. Specifically, a Marshall stability test, Cantabro test, indirect tensile strength test, air void content test, and permeability test were conducted to evaluate the strength, resistance to raveling, cracking resistance, void content, and permeability of open-graded asphalt mixtures. The results show that there is no significant difference in the Marshall stability and indirect tensile strength when the coarse aggregates are replaced with Florida washed shell. This study also found that the optimum percentages of Florida washed shell in open-graded asphalt mixture were 15, 30, and 45% for 12.5, 9.5, and 4.75 mm NMAS gradations, respectively.

scholarly journals Arsenic Removal from Water Using Industrial By-Products

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branislava M. Lekić ◽  
Dana D. Marković ◽  
Vladana N. Rajaković-Ognjanović ◽  
Aleksandar R. Đukić ◽  
Ljubinka V. Rajaković
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Groundwater Treatment ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Column Adsorption ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
By Products

In this study, removal of arsenic ions using two industrial by-products as adsorbents is represented. Removal of As(III) and As(V) from water was carried out with industrial by-products: residual from the groundwater treatment process, iron-manganese oxide coated sand (IMOCS), and blast furnace slag from steel production (BFS), both inexpensive and locally available. In addition, the BFS was modified in order to minimise its deteriorating impact on the initial water quality. Kinetic and equilibrium studies were carried out using batch and fixed-bed column adsorption techniques under the conditions that are likely to occur in real water treatment systems. To evaluate the application for real groundwater treatment, the capacities of the selected materials were further compared to those exhibited by commercial sorbents, which were examined under the same experimental conditions. IMOCS was found to be a good and inexpensive sorbent for arsenic, while BFS and modified slag showed the highest affinity towards arsenic. All examined waste materials exhibited better sorption performances for As(V). The maximum sorption capacity in the batch reactor was obtained for blast furnace slag, 4040 μgAs(V)/g.

Effectiveness of Loaded Wheel Tracking Test to Ascertain Moisture Susceptibility of Asphalt Mixtures

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110363
Author(s):  
Moses Akentuna ◽  
Louay N. Mohammad ◽  
Sanchit Sachdeva ◽  
Samuel B. Cooper ◽  
Samuel B. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Moisture Damage ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Creep Recovery ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Wheel Tracking ◽  
Mixture Samples

Moisture damage of asphalt mixtures is a major distress affecting the durability of asphalt pavements. The loaded wheel tracking (LWT) test is gaining popularity in determining moisture damage because of its ability to relate laboratory performance to field performance. However, the accuracy of LWT’s “pass/fail” criteria for screening mixtures is limited. The objective of this study was to evaluate the capability of the LWT test to identify moisture susceptibility of asphalt mixtures with different moisture conditioning protocols. Seven 12.5 mm asphalt mixtures with two asphalt binder types (unmodified PG 67-22 and modified PG 70-22), and three aggregate types (limestone, crushed gravel, and a semi-crushed gravel) were utilized. Asphalt binder and mixture samples were subjected to five conditioning levels, namely, a control; single freeze–thaw-; triple freeze–thaw-; MiST 3500 cycles; and MiST 7000 cycles. Frequency sweep at multiple temperatures and frequencies, and multiple stress creep recovery tests were performed to evaluate asphalt binders. LWT test was used to evaluate the asphalt mixture samples. Freeze–thaw and MiST conditioning resulted in an increase in stiffness in the asphalt binders as compared with the control. Further, freeze–thaw and MiST conditioning resulted in an increase in rut depth compared with the control asphalt mixture. The conditioning protocols evaluated were effective in exposing moisture-sensitive mixtures, which initially showed compliance with Louisiana asphalt mixture design specifications.

Utilization of water-quenching blast furnace slag as alternative filler in asphalt mastic

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1075-1083
Author(s):  
Jianyou Huang ◽  
Xiangyang Xing ◽  
Jun Cai ◽  
Jianzhong Pei ◽  
Rui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Complex Modulus ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Water Quenching ◽  
Creep Recovery ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Asphalt Mastic ◽  
Asphalt Mastics ◽  
Furnace Slag

Water-quenching blast furnace slag as a by-product of the iron production has caused serious environmental concerns. This paper tried to investigate the feasibility of the blast furnace slag filler (WBFSF) used as an alternative filler to replace the limestone filler (LF) in asphalt mixtures. Specifically, the chemical compositions, morphology characteristics, phase distributions, and thermal properties of two fillers were studied; then rheological properties of asphalt mastics in four filler–asphalt ratios were further studied by the rotational viscosity, temperature sweep, temperature–frequency–sweep (T-f-sweep), and multiple stress creep recovery (MSCR) test. The results show that WBFSF has a larger specific surface area and better-developed mesopores compared with LF. WBFSF asphalt mastic presents a larger complex modulus and a smaller phase angle. Moreover, the MSCR results show that WBFSF improves the elastic recovery and rutting resistance of asphalt mastics. Therefore, WBFSF presents great potential to be used as an alternative filler in asphalt mixtures.

scholarly journals Green Concrete: By-Products Utilization and Advanced Approaches

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Al-Mansour ◽  
Chow ◽  
Feo ◽  
Penna ◽  
Lau
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Sustainable Concrete ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Natural Aggregates ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
By Products ◽  
Slag Waste

The popularity of concrete has been accompanied with dreadful consumptions that have led to huge carbon footprint in our environment. The exhaustion of natural resources is not yet the problem, but also the energy that is needed for the fabrication of the natural materials, in which this process releases significant amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions into the air. Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and natural aggregates, which are the key constituents of concrete, are suggested to be recycled or substituted in order to address the sustainability concern. Here, by-products have been targeted to reduce the carbon footprint, including, but not limited to, fly ash, rice husk ash, silica fume, recycled coarse aggregates, ground granular blast-furnace slag, waste glass, and plastic. Moreover, advanced approaches with an emphasis on sustainability are highlighted, which include the enhancement of the hydration process in cement (calcium-silicate hydrate) and the development of new materials that can be used in concrete (e.g. carbon nanotube). This review paper provides a comprehensive discussion upon the utilization of the reviewed materials, as well as the challenges and the knowledge gaps in producing green and sustainable concrete.

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