scholarly journals Arsenic Removal from Water Using Industrial By-Products

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branislava M. Lekić ◽  
Dana D. Marković ◽  
Vladana N. Rajaković-Ognjanović ◽  
Aleksandar R. Đukić ◽  
Ljubinka V. Rajaković
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Groundwater Treatment ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Column Adsorption ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
By Products

In this study, removal of arsenic ions using two industrial by-products as adsorbents is represented. Removal of As(III) and As(V) from water was carried out with industrial by-products: residual from the groundwater treatment process, iron-manganese oxide coated sand (IMOCS), and blast furnace slag from steel production (BFS), both inexpensive and locally available. In addition, the BFS was modified in order to minimise its deteriorating impact on the initial water quality. Kinetic and equilibrium studies were carried out using batch and fixed-bed column adsorption techniques under the conditions that are likely to occur in real water treatment systems. To evaluate the application for real groundwater treatment, the capacities of the selected materials were further compared to those exhibited by commercial sorbents, which were examined under the same experimental conditions. IMOCS was found to be a good and inexpensive sorbent for arsenic, while BFS and modified slag showed the highest affinity towards arsenic. All examined waste materials exhibited better sorption performances for As(V). The maximum sorption capacity in the batch reactor was obtained for blast furnace slag, 4040 μgAs(V)/g.

A Strength Model for Concretes Containing Fly Ash, Blast-Furnace Slag and Silica Fume

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin R. Dunstan
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Pozzolanic Reaction ◽  
Strength Data ◽  
Production Mechanisms ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
By Products

ABSTRACTThis paper describes preliminary a model for the strength of concretes containing industrial by-products such as fly ash, blast-furnace slag, and silica fume. A formula that describes the various strength production mechanisms of these by-products is developed. These materials produce strength by pozzolanic reaction, by latently hydraulic reactions and by self-cementing reactions similar to Portland cement. A method of separating the effect of each mechanism is proposed. A parameter for each of these strength producing mechanisms can be determined from concrete strength data.

scholarly journals Potential of Industrial By-Products as Liming Materials and Digestate as Organic Fertilizer and Their Effect on Soil Properties and Yield of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 11016
Author(s):  
Vladimir Ivezić ◽  
Vladimir Zebec ◽  
Brigita Popović ◽  
Meri Engler ◽  
Tihana Teklić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
By Products

Acid soils with pH values below 5.5 have a negative effect on agricultural production. For this reason, liming is applied as a measure to raise the soil pH to the optimum (pH = 6–7). The aim of our research was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of four liming materials (wood ash from biomass powerplant, filter dust from cement factory, blast furnace slag from iron factory, and carbocalk (limestone, a by-product from a sugar factory)) in combination with and without solid digestate (a by-product from biogas plant) as organic fertilizer. Two field trials were set up to determine the effect of the studied materials to neutralize the acidity, and the impact on soil fertility and nutrient status in the soil. The results showed that all four liming materials raised the pH of the soil. Out of these four, wood ash showed to be the best while blast furnace slag was the worst. The yield of alfalfa increased with the application of all four lime materials. Application of liming materials with solid digestate increased soil organic matter and had slightly higher yields compared to liming materials without solid digestate. The highest yields were achieved with the application of wood ash, probably due to somewhat higher concentrations of potassium and phosphorus in wood ash. Further research on the financial aspects of investigated by-products application is necessary to exploit their potential as a liming material.

Blast furnace slag in road construction and maintenance

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (23) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
László Gáspár ◽  
◽  
Zsolt Bencze ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
The Road ◽  
Maintenance Techniques ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
By Products

Introduction. There is a global trend to increase the sustainability of road construction and maintenance technologies. The growing use of various industrial by-products as economical and eco-friendly construction and maintenance techniques can be observed in many countries.Problem Statement. The utilization of various forms of blast furnace slag in the road sector can be cost effective, however, several special technological measures have to be taken.PurposePresenting best practices for the use of blast furnace slag in road construction and maintenance techniques based on Hungarian and other decade-long experiences.Materials and Methods. The main types investigated are air-cooled blast furnace slag, expanded or foamed slag, pelletized slag, and granulated blast furnace slag. The utilization areas in road sector: asphalt layers, surface treatments, rut repair, hydraulically bound pavement layers, unbound base layers, frost protection layer, subgrade, cement production.Results. Presenting best practices for the use of blast furnace slag in road construction and maintenance can be beneficial for the experts of countries with limited experience in the field. Keywords: blast furnace slag, industrial by-products, road construction, road maintenance, environmental protection

Study of the effect of alkalis on the slag cement systems

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 934-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Zeghichi ◽  
B Mezghiche ◽  
R Chebili
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Slag Cement ◽  
Steam Curing ◽  
Hardening Process ◽  
New Construction ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
By Products

The replacement of natural materials by industrial by-products has given a variety of new construction materials that are economically viable and ecologically beneficial. Blast furnace slag is one of these industrial by-products. Its beneficial proprieties and characteristics have led to rapid growth of production in Algeria and worldwide. This research deals with the effect of alkaline activation of slag cement with clinker. Various agents that activate the process were used for testing, and it showed that compressive strength at 28 d, which reached 150% with respect to compressive strength obtained from slag cement at different percentages of slag (50%–80%), increased considerably. Alkaline activators accelerate hydration and stimulate the hardening process. The results also show the efficacy of steam cured treatment on the compressive strength.Key words: slag cement, activation agent, hydration, hardening, steam curing.

scholarly journals Utilization of Industrial By-Products/Waste to Manufacture Geopolymer Cement/Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 873
Author(s):  
Numanuddin M. Azad ◽  
S.M. Samindi M.K. Samarakoon
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Geopolymer Cement ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
By Products

There has been a significant movement in the past decades to develop alternative sustainable building material such as geopolymer cement/concrete to control CO2 emission. Industrial waste contains pozzolanic minerals that fulfil requirements to develop the sustainable material such as alumino-silicate based geopolymer. For example, industrial waste such as red mud, fly ash, GBFS/GGBS (granulated blast furnace slag/ground granulated blast furnace slag), rice husk ash (RHA), and bagasse ash consist of minerals that contribute to the manufacturing of geopolymer cement/concrete. A literature review was carried out to study the different industrial waste/by-products and their chemical composition, which is vital for producing geopolymer cement, and to discuss the mechanical properties of geopolymer cement/concrete manufactured using different industrial waste/by-products. The durability, financial benefits and sustainability aspects of geopolymer cement/concrete have been highlighted. As per the experimental results from the literature, the cited industrial waste has been successfully utilized for the synthesis of dry or wet geopolymers. The review revealed that that the use of fly ash, GBFS/GGBS and RHA in geopolymer concrete resulted high compressive strength (i.e., 50 MPa–70 MPa). For high strength (>70 MPa) achievement, most of the slag and ash-based geopolymer cement/concrete in synergy with nano processed waste have shown good mechanical properties and environmental resistant. The alkali-activated geopolymer slag, red mud and fly ash based geopolymer binders give a better durability performance compared with other industrial waste. Based on the sustainability indicators, most of the geopolymers developed using the industrial waste have a positive impact on the environment, society and economy.

scholarly journals Concrete Properties Comparison When Substituting a 25% Cement with Slag from Different Provenances

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Eugenia Parrón-Rubio ◽  
María Dolores Rubio-Cintas ◽  
Francisca Pérez-García ◽  
Antonio Gonzalez-Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Stainless Steel Slag ◽  
Concrete Properties ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
By Products

Concrete consumption greatly exceeds the use of any other material in engineering. This is due to its good properties as construction material and the availability of its components. Nevertheless, the present worldwide construction increase and the high-energy consumption for cement production means a high environmental impact. On the other hand, one of the main problem in iron and steel industry is waste generation and by-products that must be properly processed or reused to promote the environmental sustainability. One of these by-products are blast furnace slag. Cement substitution by slag strategy achieves two goals, raw materials consumption reduction and waste management. In the present work, four different concrete mixtures are evaluated. 25% cement is substituted by different blast furnace slag. Tests are made to evaluate the advantages and drawbacks of each mixture. Depending on the origin, characteristics and treatment of the slag, concrete properties change. Certain mixtures provide proper concrete properties. Stainless steel slag produces a fluent mortar that reduces the water consumption whit a slight mechanical strength loss. Mixture with electric arc slag furnace properties are better to the reference concrete (without slag) when slag is treated similarly to the cement.

scholarly journals Properties of Lightweight Matrix Using Industrial by-Products according to Mixing Ratio of NaOH and KOH

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.34) ◽  
pp. 576
Author(s):  
Jin Hyun Shin ◽  
Won Gyu ◽  
Sang Soo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Absorption Rate ◽  
Air Bubbles ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Bubble Generation ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
By Products

Background/Objectives:When producing 1 ton of cement, it produces 0.9 tons of carbon dioxide, so it is very important to reduce the use of cement or to find an alternative material.Methods/Statistical analysis: In order to replace cement which is frequently used to make lightweight cured products, blends of blast furnace slag, polysilicon and paper ash were used as binders. In order to stimulate the hardening of blast furnace slag, comparative analysis of characteristics of alkali stimulants was carried out by using KOH and NaOH as alkali stimulants.Findings: In order to improve the foaming performance for the production of lightweight Matrix, we used polysilicon and paper ash as well as blast furnace slag as one of industrial by - product a binder. KOH and NaOH were used as alkali stimulants. The experimental results are as follows.When alkali stimulants are used, the density decreases and the absorption rate increases. It is considered that the use of an alkali stimulant causes air bubbles to occur, resulting in a lower density and an increased absorption rate. The use of NaOH rather than KOH seems to result in better bubble generation. Strength was significantly decreased when alkali stimulants were used, but it was confirmed that the strength of NaOH was increased than that of KOH.Improvements/Applications: As a result of this study, we will fabricate a lightweight matrix that can be used as a prototype by using NaOH according to KS F 2701 standards. 

scholarly journals Mechanical Characteristics and Water Absorption Properties of Blast-Furnace Slag Concretes with Fly Ashes or Microsilica Additions

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dora Foti ◽  
Michela Lerna ◽  
Maria Sabbà ◽  
Vitantonio Vacca
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Recycled Aggregates ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Fly Ashes ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
By Products

The paper shows the results of an experimental tests campaign carried out on concretes with recycled aggregates added in substitution of sand. Sand, in fact, has been totally replaced once by blast-furnace slag and fly ashes, once by blast-furnace slag and microsilica. The aim is both to utilize industrial by-products and to reduce the use of artificial aggregates, which impose the opening of pits with high environmental damage. The results show that in the concretes so made the water absorption capacity has reduced and durability has improved. The test campaign and the results described in the present article are certainly useful and can be especially utilized for research on a larger scale in this field.

scholarly journals Compressive Strength and Microstructure Properties of Alkali-Activated Systems with Blast Furnace Slag, Desulfurization Slag, and Gypsum

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bong-Suk Cho ◽  
Kyung-Mo Koo ◽  
Se-Jin Choi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cement Industry ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
Alkali Activated

This study investigates the effect of desulfurization slag (DS) and gypsum (G) on the compressive strength and microstructure properties of blast furnace slag-(BFS-) based alkali-activated systems. DS is produced in a Kambara reactor process of molten iron produced in a steel production process. DS contains CaO, SiO2, Fe2O3, and SO3 and is composed of Ca(OH)2 and 2CaO·SiO2 as main compounds. In this investigation, the weight of BFS was replaced by DS at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30%. In addition, G was also applied at 9, 12, and 15% by weight of BFS to improve the compressive strength of the alkali-activated system with BFS and DS. According to this investigation, the compressive strength of the alkali-activated mixes with BFS and DS ranged from 14.9 MPa (B95D5) to 19.8 MPa (B90D10) after 91 days. However, the 28 days compressive strength of the alkali-activated mixes with BFS, DS, and G reached 39.1 MPa, 45.2 MPa, and 48.4 MPa, respectively, which were approximately 78.8 to 97.5% of that of O100 mix (49.6 MPa). The main hydrates of the BFS-DS (B80D20) binder sample were Ca(OH)2, CaCO3, and low-crystalline calcium silicate hydrates, while the main hydration product of BFS-DS-G (B75D10G15) binder was found as ettringite. The use of BFS-DS-G binders would result in the value-added utilization of steel slag and provide an environmentally friendly construction material, and contribute to a reduction of CO2 in the cement industry.

A Study on Environmental Load Assessment of Early Strength Activator Blast Furnace Slag

2014 ◽  
Vol 905 ◽  
pp. 383-387
Author(s):  
Young Jin Bok ◽  
Sung Ho Tae ◽  
Taeh Young Kim ◽  
Jeong Hun Park
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Environmental Load ◽  
Mortar Specimen ◽  
Early Strength ◽  
Environment Performance ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
By Products

Development of environment-friendly building materials has recently been increasing with the use of industrial waste and by-products, but concrete containing blast furnace slag (BFS) is excellent in terms of environmental load and shows relatively insufficient early strength. Development of by-products to supplement this insufficiency is deemed necessary. Therefore in this study, an early strength activator blast furnace slag (A-BFS) was developed and environment performance of the developed A-BFS was assessed to assess environmental load (CO2). As a result, early strength was developed in mortar specimen mixed with A-BFS. When environmental load (CO2) was assessed on the mortar specimen, life cycle CO2 emission from production of 1kg of A-BFS was found to be 0.057kg-CO2/kg.

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