scholarly journals THE LEVEL OF FINANCIAL LITERACY OF ACADEMIC YOUTH FROM RURAL AREAS IN THE MALOPOLSKIE VOIVODSHIP

2019 ◽  
Vol XXI (2) ◽  
pp. 266-274
Author(s):  
Monika Szafrańska
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Financial Behaviour ◽  
Statistical Indicators

The main purpose of the work is to define and characterize the level of financial literacy of students coming from rural areas in the Malopolskie voivodship in 2018. The main source of data used was primary information from the author’s own study (the PAPI method, a group of 170 respondents). The research used a set of questions to assess the level of financial literacy of adults proposed by the OECD INFE. In addition to primary sources, Polish and foreign literature on the subject was also used to achieve the goal. Total statistical indicators (mean, minimum, maximum) were used for data analysis and the non-parametric chi-square test (χ2). As results from the analysis, students are characterised by an average level of financial literacy, which may indicate a low effectiveness of financial education activities carried out at various levels of education in Poland. The factors determining the level of financial literacy of rural youth were gender and the field of study. Men and people studying economics were characterized by a higher level of financial literacy. Financial behaviour is a component of financial literacy in which students received the lowest results. The minimum target score in this module was obtained by only 24% of people.

scholarly journals FACTORS DETERMINING THE LEVEL OF FINANCIAL LITERACY OF ACADEMIC YOUTH

2020 ◽  
pp. 232-243
Author(s):  
Monika Szafrańska
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Statistical Indicators

The main objective of the paper is to characterize the level of financial literacy of academic youth and to identify selected socio-demographic factors that determine this level. The main source of data used for analysis and conclusions was primary information obtained from the author’s own research. The research was conducted in 2018 with the PAPI method on a group of 337 respondents. The interview was conducted with young people studying at the second largest academic centre in Poland – Kraków. The study used a set of questions to assess the level of financial literacy of adults proposed by the OECD. Apart from primary sources, Polish and foreign literature on the subject was also used to achieve the goal. To analyze the data, total statistical indicators (mean, minimum, maximum) and non-parametric "chi square" test” (χ2) were used. The analysis shows that students are characterized by an average level of financial literacy. The factors that significantly determined the level of students' financial literacy were gender and the field of study. A higher level of financial literacy was characteristic for men and those studying the economic faculties, which results from the curriculum contents. In order to increase the level of financial competence of students in other fields of study, curricula should be supplemented with subjects covering personal finance. The factors that did not differentiate the level of financial performance are the place of residence, the degree of study and the student's professional experience.

scholarly journals Scientists’ attitudes towards academic entrepreneurship: the results of an empirical study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Olszewski
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Academic Entrepreneurship ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Financial Benefit ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Test Of Independence ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Subject

In recent years, there has been growing pressure on both universities and enterprises to intensify cooperation. The subject of this article here is academic entrepreneurship at the researcher level. The aim is to identify attitudes towards such entrepreneurship and define the diversity of attitudes. Moreover, it has been established how such attitudes towards entrepreneurship differentiate the intention and commitment to start cooperation with industry in reality. Achieving this aim required an empirical study involving primary sources. The study subjects were university researchers working on tourism issues, and a total of 73 participated. Methods from descriptive statistics and the chi-square test of independence were used to analyse the results. According to the study, researchers are much more likely to perceive the benefits than the disadvantages of cooperation, and the benefits perceived most are chances to obtain information and the inspiration to conduct academic and didactic work. The work also found that researchers who see academic entrepreneurship as an opportunity for financial benefit and see cooperation as an opportunity to increase enterprises’ competitive advantage significantly more often declare their intention to engage in it.

scholarly journals ATTITUDES OF ACADEMIC YOUTH TOWARDS THE WELFARE OF FARMED ANIMALS IN POLAND

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika SZAFRAŃSKA ◽  
Renata MATYSIK-PEJAS
Keyword(s):  
Women Students ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
High Level ◽  
Statistical Indicators ◽  
Personal Research

The development of agriculture and rural areas depends on a large extent on the level of society’s awareness on agriculture. One of the areas of agricultural awareness of citizens is their attitude towards the welfare of farmed animals. The findings of many studies indicate that the level of social awareness in Poland in this area is low, especially among young people. The aim of the study is to determine the attitudes of Polish academic youth towards the welfare of farmed animals and pinpoint selected factors determining this level. The main source of the data used for the analyses and applications was the primary information obtained from personal research. The research was done in 2016 by using PAPI method on the group of 450 people. The statistical analysis of the studied material encompassed aggregate statistical indicators as well as the non-parametric test „chi square” (χ2). Apart from the primary sources they also used secondary sources which encompassed both domestic as well as foreign literature. According to the conducted study, the majority of the participants had an average level of farmed animal welfare awareness (55%). One in three respondents had a low level of farmed animal welfare awareness, and the remaining group represented the high level. The determining factors were: gender, studied faculty, place of residence, and ownership of agricultural holding by the respondents or their parents. A higher level of farmed animal welfare awareness was characterized by women, students of humanistic faculties, people from rural areas as well as the respondents who didn’t run a farm.

Living beyond one’s means: evidence from Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiing Jia Loke
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Financial Knowledge ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Financial Behaviour

Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to identify the determinants of the probability of living beyond one’s means. The paper also explores the coping mechanisms of those financially distressed as well as the debt taking behaviour of consumers. Design/methodology/approach – The study uses data obtained from the OECD International Network on Financial Education pilot study on Measuring Financial Literacy in 2010 for the case of Malaysia. A logistic regression model is used to identify the main determinants of the probability that a consumer will live beyond his/her means. The analysis is carried out by using a set of socio-economic factors and the individual’s financial behaviour and attitudinal characteristics as explanatory variables. Findings – The findings indicate that low income and seasonal income earners are more vulnerable to financial distress. Furthermore, having a higher education, higher financial knowledge and prudent financial behaviour and attitude do not necessarily translate into better financial management. Family and friends provide the main source of financial assistance in times of need. Research limitations/implications – The assessment of financial knowledge should go beyond individual’s knowledge on financial concepts and theories. Practical knowledge on financial and cash flow management should be assessed. Practical implications – The study reiterates the importance of financial education. It is imperative to include financial education as part of the schools’ curriculum and also to be incorporated as part of the Continuous Professional Development modules for working adults. Originality/value – The study is based on the first nationwide study of consumer finances in Malaysia. It contributes to the literature by integrating financial behaviour and attitudinal factors into the analysis of the ability of individuals to live within their means. The findings also show the limitations of the existing self-assessment of financial behaviour and attitude and the assessment of financial knowledge.

scholarly journals Some Insights Into Financial Literacy Among Undergraduate Students: A Case of Bosnia and Herzegovina

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Jasmina Okicic ◽  
Meldina Kokorovic Jukan ◽  
Mensur Heric
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Financial Knowledge ◽  
Financial Behavior ◽  
Financial Attitudes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Financial Behaviour ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this research is to provide some insights into financial literacy among undergraduate students focusing primarily on the relationship between financial knowledge, financial attitudes and financial behavior and on possible gender and financial education gap in financial literacy. Using the purposive sampling technique, data collection was carried out from April to June 2020, yielding a sample of 1,046 valid responses. To gain a better understanding of the relationship between financial behaviour, financial attitudes and financial knowledge, we, primarily, use exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression model. The research findings have revealed several important issues. First, findings have suggested that financial knowledge, financial attitudes and gender may be considered as an antecedent of the financial behaviour of undergraduate students. Second, findings have also suggested a statistically - significant difference between the financial literacy of undergraduate students concerning their exposure to formal financial education.

scholarly journals Innovation and Management by Regional Rural Banks in Achieving the Dream of Financial Inclusion in India: Challenges and Prospects.

2020 ◽  
pp. 222-234
Author(s):  
Anis ur Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Credit Expansion ◽  
Achieving The Dream ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Political Interference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Government

The Regional Rural Banks are government-owned, regionally based and rurally oriented financial institutions specialized in catering to the credit needs of the neglected and weaker sections of the society. In the recent past, RRBs have become a potent mediator for financial inclusion in rural areas. This paper summarizes the innovative methods used by the employees of these banks in deposit mobilizations, credit expansion and recovery of the loan. The primary purpose of the research is to find the problems faced by officials of these banks in marketing their services to the rural customer. The opinions of these bank officials regarding the above factors and the functioning of these banks and their impact on society have also been studied. For this purpose, a sample of 96 bank officials of Aryavart bank and Purvanchal Bank have been taken from the rural areas of Uttar Pradesh. Methodological tools of the research methods were Frequency and Chi-square test of independence which have been used to test the hypotheses developed in the study. The research empirically confirms and theoretically proves that the employees and staff of these two regional rural banks in the state are making their earnest effort to channelize the savings of rural people by mobilization of deposits by motivating them to deposit their surplus money in the regional rural banks. The bank officials are making efforts to extend credit facilities in rural areas to uplift the people economically. The bank officials are facing problems in deposit mobilization, and credit expansion in the rural areas of the state and they are managing these problems very efficiently. Some political interference was found in the functioning of these banks. In the opinion of these bank officials, the overall working of these regional rural banks is proper. The results of the research can be useful for policymakers in the government to understand the hurdles faced by regional rural banks in reaching to the poor and needy sections of the society. The insights from this paper can help the policymakers to craft innovative schemes which enable these banks to reach the most inaccessible customers in rural areas. Keywords Regional Rural Banks, deposit mobilizations, credit expansion, financial inclusion, loan recovery.

Analysis of Financial Literation Levels of Micro Enterprises in Kulon Progo District, Special Region of Yogyakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-171
Author(s):  
Dadan Ramadhan ◽  
Lilies Setiartiti
Keyword(s):  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
High Level ◽  
Micro Enterprises ◽  
Special Region

This research is quantitative. The population of this research was all of Micro Enterprises in Kulon Progo Regency. The sample of this research were 156 micro-entrepreneurs in the Kulonprogo district. This research used a simple random sampling technique to get the data. The researcher used a questionnaire as the instrument, which tested both its validity and its reliability. The data analysis technique used in this research is the Chi-Square test. The result showed, the majority of respondents had knowledge (79,5%), and the ability of financial literacy (80,8%) was categorized in the high-level category. There was a no different level of financial literacy for the micro-entrepreneur in Kulon Progo Regency based on the gender.

scholarly journals Exploring the association between adverse maternal circumstances and low birth weight in neonates: a nationwide population-based study in Bangladesh

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e036162
Author(s):  
Md Mostaured Ali Khan ◽  
Md Golam Mustagir ◽  
Md Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Md Sharif Kaikobad ◽  
Hafiz TA Khan
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Study Designs

ObjectiveThis study is concerned with helping to improve the health and care of newborn babies in Bangladesh by exploring adverse maternal circumstances and assessing whether these are contributing towards low birth weight (LBW) in neonates.Study designs and settingsData were drawn and analysed from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, 2014. Any association between LBW and adverse maternal circumstances were assessed using a Chi-square test with determinants of LBW identified by multivariate logistic regression analysis.ParticipantsThe study is based on 4728 children aged below 5 years and born to women from selected households.ResultsThe rate of LBW was around 19.9% (199 per 1000 live births) with the highest level found in the Sylhet region (26.2%). The rate was even higher in rural areas (20.8%) and among illiterate mothers (26.6%). Several adverse maternal circumstances of the women included in the survey were found to be significant for increasing the likelihood of giving birth to LBW babies. These circumstances included the women being underweight (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.26, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.49); having unwanted births (AOR 1.22, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.44); had previous pregnancies terminated (AOR 1.28, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.57); were victims of intimate partner violence (AOR 1.23, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.45) and taking antenatal care <4 times (AOR 1.23, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.48). Other important risk factors that were revealed included age at birth <18 years (AOR 1.42, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.83) and intervals between the number of births <24 months (AOR 1.25, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.55). When taking multiple fertility behaviours together such as, the ages of the women at birth (<18 years with interval <24 months (AOR 1.26, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.57) and birth order (>3 with interval <24 months (AOR 1.68, 95% CI 1.18 to 2.37), then the risk of having LBW babies significantly increased.ConclusionThis study finds that adverse maternal circumstances combined with high-risk fertility behaviours are significantly associated with LBW in neonates. This situation could severely impede progress in Bangladesh towards achieving the sustainable development goal concerned with the healthcare of newborns.

scholarly journals Risk factors for esophageal cancer in a low-incidence area of Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orlando Milhomem Mota ◽  
Maria Paula Curado ◽  
José Carlos Oliveira ◽  
Edesio Martins ◽  
Daniela Medeiros Milhomem Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Oral Sex ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Control Study

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVESEsophageal cancer is the eighth commonest type of cancer worldwide, occupying sixth place in terms of mortality. Smoking and alcohol use are known risk factors for this type of cancer. The aim here was to evaluate the risk factors for esophageal cancer in a low-incidence area.DESIGN AND SETTINGCase-control study in Goiânia, with 99 cases of esophageal cancer and 223 controls.METHODSThe variables were sociodemographic, dietary, occupational and lifestyle data. The sample was analyzed using the chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test and Mantel-Haenszel approach for multivariate analysis. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated with 5% significance and 95% confidence intervals.RESULTSThe risk of esophageal cancer was higher in patients ≥ 55 years (OR = 1.95; P < 0.001). Patients from rural areas were at greater risk of esophageal cancer (OR = 4.9; P < 0.001). Smoking was a risk factor among the cases (OR = 3.8; P < 0.001), as was exposure to woodstoves (OR = 4.42; P < 0.001). The practice of oral sex was not a risk factor (OR = 0.45; P = 0.04). Consumption of apples, pears, vegetables, cruciferous vegetables and fruit juices were protective against esophageal cancer.CONCLUSIONIn a region in which the incidence of esophageal cancer is low, the most significant risk factors were exposure to woodstoves, smoking and living in rural areas.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Self-Perception of Dental Appearance, Its Comparison with Orthodontist’s Assessment and Demand for Treatment in Eastern Nepalese Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varun Pratap Singh ◽  
Amita Sharma ◽  
Deepak Kumar Roy
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Equal Importance ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Dental Appearance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

Aims. The aim of this study was to assess the self-perception of dental appearance among Eastern Nepalese patients using aesthetic component (AC) of the index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) and to compare it with that of an orthodontist’s assessment using the same scale and determine whether gender, area of residence, and level of education influence subject’s self-perception and orthodontist’s ratings.Methods. A total of 252 subjects (equal number of male and female) were conveniently selected. The average ages of subjects were22.33±2.114years. The level of subject’s perception and orthodontist’s assessment was analyzed by nonparametric Chi square test. Kappa coefficient was done to verify its agreement. The Spearman’s correlation test was used to check the association of educational level and age. Mann-Whitney test was used to check the associations of sex and areas of residence.Results. The demand for treatment was significantly associated with the perception of the subject and orthodontist’s assessment. However, age, gender, and educational level were statistically insignificant in influencing subject perception and orthodontist’s assessment.Conclusion. Patient’s self-perception should be given equal importance while planning orthodontic treatment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document