The patronage of count Stanisław Skarbek in the educational tradition of Galicia

2018 ◽  
Vol XIV ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Volodimir Kemin
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Young People ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Productive Work ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poor Families ◽  
Official Opening ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Do So

During Age of Enlightenment, the so-called “pedagogical age” significant activity was demonstrated by philanthropists, who recognizing the necessity to teach every social class, including young people from poor families, set up schools for lower social classes, wanted to create a family atmosphere in teaching and education, combining these processes with productive work. The article analyzes the philanthropic activity of Count Stanisław Skarbek (1780–1848), one of the largest magnates in Galicia, who undertook the implementation of a huge philanthropic project, which was the creation of a theater in Lviv and the establishment of a facility for the poor and orphans in Drogoviž. Unfortunately, Skarbek failed to completely implement his project, because modern people considered this undertaking a myth, a utopia. Nevertheless, the theater in Lviv was built in five years and it was thanks to the active activity of the originator. The theater was put into use in 1842. Six years later, in 1848, Stanisław Skarbek died without having completed the plans for setting up a charity, despite the fact that he made every effort to do so. With time, Skarbek donated all his assets to the institution along with the theater and the enterprises that were in it. Thanks to the efforts of Skarbek, the official opening of the plant for the poor and orphans in Drogoviž took place in August 1875.

Making Class: Children's Perceptions of Social Class through Illustrations

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-44
Author(s):  
Adam Howard ◽  
Katy Swalwell ◽  
Karlyn Adler
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sixth Graders ◽  
Third Graders ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
The Rich ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Background Context ◽  
Do So

Background/Context Though there has been attention to how class differences impact children's experiences in schools and how young people perceive racial and gender differences, very little research to date has examined how young people make sense of social class differences. Purpose In this article, the authors examine young children's conceptualizations of differences between the rich and the poor to better understand children's process of classmaking. Research Design To access young children's ideas about social class, the authors examined kindergartners’, third graders’, and sixth graders’ (N = 133) drawings depicting differences between rich and poor people and their corresponding explanations of their drawings. These children attended two schools, one public serving a majority working- class population, and one private serving a majority affluent population. Findings/Results Children understand social class to be inclusive emotions, social distinctions, and social status. Children's drawings and explanations show that perpetuated ideology-justifying status quo of poverty and economic inequality. Children have complex sociocultural insights into how social class operates that manifest themselves through four domains: material, intersectional, emotional, and spatial. Conclusions/Recommendations Educators should provide more opportunities for teaching about social class, and can do so in ways that engages students in processes of classmaking that do not reinforce stereotypes and that interrupts inequality.

“An Echo of the Multitude”: The Intersection of Governmental and Private Poverty Initiatives in Early Modern Exeter

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-428
Author(s):  
Connie S. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Voluntary Contributions ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poor Families ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The City

On June 15, 1624, Dr. Robert Vilvane informed the mayor of Exeter by letter of his displeasure with the haphazard application of poor rates in the city. Vilvane, who owned property within the city and in the surrounding countryside, was protesting the high rates imposed on his modest holdings in the city, since he was already subject to what he felt were excessive assessments on his country properties. Vilvane pointed out that he had taken it upon himself to support the purchase of armor and powder for martial officers, along with voluntary contributions to the poor, to churches, and to “sundry other taxes.” Despite a debt to the city in the amount of £500 (on which he paid interest), he did “freely give 12d weekly to two poor families here, which else would fall into penury.” Having recounted all this, he considered that “there is little cause to hoist me so high to all payments, who (besides my house) have little here [in the city].” At the crux of his argument, he asserted, was “that a Rate to the Poor is no competent Rule…both because it is uncertain…and also unequal, because some are set up too high, and others too low, by fear or favour.” Vilvane had contributed to a certain collection for the poor in a particular part of the city and noted that “many murmur at this day” about the collection, since it appeared that the overseers “did not disburse above half the Contribution.” As an unwilling party to this scheme, the doctor was upset, as he felt others were: “[I] do profess myself in this but an Echo of the Multitude, which are much aggrieved.”

Gifts, Weapons, and Values

2021 ◽  
pp. 227-242
Author(s):  
Robert Brenneman
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
Gang Violence ◽  
Central Americans ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
Religious Background ◽  
Prosocial Values ◽  
Meditative Practices ◽  
Do So

Central Americans from a variety of religious traditions and social classes speak freely of lo espiritual, or “that which is spiritual,” but they do so in widely diverging ways. This chapter attempts to make sense of the vast and varied ways in which Central Americans reference spirituality by describing four common threads of usage. Evangelical-Pentecostal pastors sometimes frame social problems like gang violence as having both spiritual causes and spiritual solutions. Other Central Americans use the term “spiritual” to describe supernatural entities with a strong bearing on political structures. Meanwhile, some Central Americans have come to use the term “spirituality” to refer to beliefs and practices with roots in precolonial Mayan narratives. A fourth means of utilizing the language of spirituality is as a catch-all term for quasi-religious meditative practices and prosocial values formation. In conclusion, religious background and social class influence how people define and conceive of “the spiritual.”

scholarly journals Gemidos da criação e grito do pobre: interpelação à teologia

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinivaldo Tavares
Keyword(s):  
Middle Eastern ◽  
The Third ◽  
Paradoxical Situation ◽  
Biblical Narratives ◽  
The Poor ◽  
De Se ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Origin Myths ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Do So

Dados recentes alertam-nos para uma situação paradoxal de verdadeiro “apartheid” socioambiental. Daí a necessidade de se analisar a complexidade das mútuas relações entre gemidos da criação e grito do pobre. Intenção nossa, aqui, é fazê-lo a partir da eleição de uma grelha de leitura: do mito à metáfora. Trata-se, na verdade, de articular a advertência de M. Augé de que «devemos escapar do pesadelo mítico» e a afirmação de Paul Ricoeur de que a metáfora encarna uma quebra de paradigma. Num primeiro momento, submeteremos os relatos bíblicos da criação a esta grelha de leitura. Consideradas sob essa ótica, as narrações bíblicas constituem fruto de um processo de “desmitologização” e, portanto, também de “desmistificação” dos mitos das origens das civilizações do Antigo Oriente. Num segundo momento, essa mesma grelha de leitura será aplicada ao “nosso tempo”. Também hoje individuamos verdadeiras mistificações da realidade em detrimento dos interesses e da vida de nossas maiorias pobres. Buscaremos também aqui instaurar o árduo processo de “desmistificação” destes mitos contemporâneos. Finalmente, num terceiro momento, esboçaremos, a partir de nossa genuína tradição de fé, uma teologia da criação que corresponda responsavelmente à gravidade da presente situação de “apartheid” socioambiental.Palavras-chave: Apartheid socioambiental. Gemidos da criação. Grito dos pobres. Mito. Metáfora. Teologia da criação.Abstract: Recent data have alerted us to a paradoxical situation of real socio- -environmental “apartheid”, making it necessary to analyse the complexity of the relationships between the groaning of creation and the cry of the poor. Our intention, here, is to do so using the following reading grid: from myth to metaphor. We will discuss M. Augé’s warning “we must escape the mythical nightmare”, with Paul Ricoeur’s statement that the metaphor embodies a paradigm break. We will first submit the biblical accounts of creation to this grid. Considered from this perspective, biblical narratives derive from a “demythologization” process, a “demystification” of the origin-myths of Ancient Middle Eastern civilizations. This reading grid will then be applied to “our times”. Today, we also share true mystifications of reality at the expense of the interests and life of the poor who make up the majority of the population. We will seek to set up the difficult “demystification” process of contemporary myths. Finally, in the third stage and from the genuine tradition of our faith, we will outline a responsible theology of creation that matches the gravity of the present situation of socio-environmental “apartheid”.Keywords: socio-environmental apartheid; the groaning of creation; the cry of the poor; myth; metaphor; theology of creation.

scholarly journals Social Capital and Stratification of Young People

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Behtoui
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Status Attainment ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
The Status ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
The Impact

This paper addresses the impact of social capital on the status attainment process of young people at the start of their careers and examines how social class, gender and ethnicity affect the accumulation of social capital and thereby labour market stratification of young people. A sample of young Swedes graduating from vocational schools and universities between 2005 and 2006, was surveyed via the telephone about their experiences acquiring jobs. Two research questions are posed: (i) Which characteristics (class, gender and ethnicity) affect young people's access to more social capital? (ii) How is social capital rewarded in the labour market? The results show that being female, coming from the lower social classes and being a member of a stigmatized immigrant groupare associated with a substantial social capital deficit. When socioeconomic and demographic backgrounds as well as the human capital of respondents are controlled, social capital is positively associated with salary level. The results indicate that social capital is a significant factor in the stratification process of young people.

‘Urfi marriage, an Egyptian Version of Cohabitation?

1970 ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Ikran Eum
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Young People ◽  
The State ◽  
Sexual Desires ◽  
Lower Social Class ◽  
State Pension

In Egypt, the term ‘urfi2 in relation to marriage means literally “customary” marriage, something that has always existed in Egypt but nowadays tends mostly to be secretly practiced among young people. Traditionally, according to Abaza,3 ‘urfi marriage took place not only for practical purposes (such as enabling widows to remarry while keeping the state pension of their deceased husbands), but also as a way of matchmaking across classes (since men from the upper classes use ‘urfi marriage as a way of marrying a second wife from a lower social class). In this way a man could satisfy his sexual desires while retaining his honor by preserving his marriage to the first wife and his position in the community to which he belonged, and keeping his second marriage secret.

Set up and management of a Data Science faculty at Shiga University

Impact ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (10) ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Akimichi Takemura
Keyword(s):  
Data Science ◽  
Science Faculty ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
International Trends ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Global Understanding ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The University ◽  
Do So ◽  
Undergraduate Class

Shiga University opened the first data science faculty in Japan in April 2017. Beginning with an undergraduate class of 100 students, the Department has since established a Master's degree programme with 20 students in each annual intake. This is the first data science faculty in Japan and the University intends to retain this leading position, the Department is well-placed to do so. The faculty closely monitors international trends concerning data science and Artificial Intelligence (AI) and adapt its education and research accordingly. The genesis of this department marks a change in Japan's attitudes towards dealing with information and reflects a wider, global understanding of the need for further research in this area. Shiga University's Data Science department seeks to produce well-trained data scientists who demonstrate a good balance of knowledge and skills in each of the three key areas of data science.

Experiences of Stereotyping and Tracking in Appalachia: A Case in Consolidation and Social Class

2021 ◽  
pp. 155545892098233
Author(s):  
Connor J. Fewell ◽  
Michael E. Hess ◽  
Charles Lowery ◽  
Madeleine Gervason ◽  
Sarah Ahrendt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Social Class ◽  
School Districts ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
School Level ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds ◽  
First Time

This case explores the complexities of how consolidation perpetuates stereotypes among different social classes in a rural Appalachian school setting. Examined are the experiences at the intersection of social class in rural U.S. school districts when two communities—one affluent and one underresourced—are consolidated. We present a nuanced critical incident that focuses on how school leaders perceive and address students’ experiences with tracking and stereotyping—particularly at a middle school level where elementary schools from diverse backgrounds attend school together for the first time.

scholarly journals Collateral impact of COVID-19: why should children continue to suffer?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasad Nagakumar ◽  
Ceri-Louise Chadwick ◽  
Andrew Bush ◽  
Atul Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Collateral Effects ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Uk

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-COV-2 virus fortunately resulted in few children suffering from severe disease. However, the collateral effects on the COVID-19 pandemic appear to have had significant detrimental effects on children affected and young people. There are also some positive impacts in the form of reduced prevalence of viral bronchiolitis. The new strain of SARS-COV-2 identified recently in the UK appears to have increased transmissibility to children. However, there are no large vaccine trials set up in children to evaluate safety and efficacy. In this short communication, we review the collateral effects of COVID-19 pandemic in children and young people. We highlight the need for urgent strategies to mitigate the risks to children due to the COVID-19 pandemic. What is Known:• Children and young people account for <2% of all COVID-19 hospital admissions• The collateral impact of COVID-19 pandemic on children and young people is devastating• Significant reduction in influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in the southern hemisphere What is New:• The public health measures to reduce COVID-19 infection may have also resulted in near elimination of influenza and RSV infections across the globe• A COVID-19 vaccine has been licensed for adults. However, large scale vaccine studies are yet to be initiated although there is emerging evidence of the new SARS-COV-2 strain spreading more rapidly though young people.• Children and young people continue to bear the collateral effects of COVID-19 pandemic

scholarly journals Representing, commemorating, and memorizing terrorist attacks: Discussing the US and French experiences

2021 ◽  
pp. 263300242110244
Author(s):  
Alice M. Greenwald ◽  
Clifford Chanin ◽  
Henry Rousso ◽  
Michel Wieviorka ◽  
Mohamed-Ali Adraoui
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
The United States ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
The Political ◽  
Modes Of Operation ◽  
The Us ◽  
Places Of Memory ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Do So

How do societies and states represent the historical, moral, and political weight of the terrorist attacks they have had to face? Having suffered in recent years from numerous terrorist attacks on their soil originating from jihadist movements, and often led by actors who were also their own citizens, France and the United States have set up—or seek to do so—places of memory whose functions, conditions of creation, modes of operation, and nature of the messages sent may vary. Three of the main protagonists and initiators of two museum-memorial projects linked to terrorist attacks have agreed to deliver their visions of the role and of the political, social, and historical context in which these projects have emerged. Allowing to observe similarities and differences between the American and French approach, this interview sheds light on the place of memory and feeling in societies struck by tragic events and seeking to cure their ills through memory and commemoration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document