scholarly journals Security and defense challenges – civil preparedness in NATO

2020 ◽  
Vol 196 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-280
Author(s):  
Andrzej Jacuch
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Eastern Flank ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Collective Defense ◽  
New Type ◽  
Hybrid Threats ◽  
Civil Sector

The current security and defense challenges, a new type of cold war, requires strengthening civil preparedness in areas that are critical for collective defense, enabling the conduct of operations and military mobility. The article analyses the Alliance’s approach to security and defense threats, including to counter hybrid threats. NATO’s decisions to reinforce the Allies Eastern Flank are presented. Allied forces should be able to move into and across Europe at high speed to reinforce a threatened Ally. Therefore, attention is paid to civil preparedness and civil sector resilience to provide support to military operations. It considers recent summit decisions and measures to improve military mobility. A wide range of civilian capabilities and active cooperation between public and private partners are critical. In conclusion, the research demonstrates that civil support is a critical enabler for the Alliance’s collective defense.

The Double Role Piston Pump Based on the Symmetrical Gears and Crank-Link-Slider Mechanism Driven by Servo Motor

2011 ◽  
Vol 121-126 ◽  
pp. 2308-2312
Author(s):  
Ming Di Wang ◽  
Qiang Song ◽  
Kang Min Zhong
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Hydraulic Cylinder ◽  
Piston Pump ◽  
Servo Motor ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cylinder Piston ◽  
High Speed Rotation ◽  
New Type

The double role piston pump based on the symmetrical gear and crank-link-slider mechanism driven by servo motor is innovated, its working principle and technical characteristics are introduced. In this new type of piston pump, the hydraulic cylinder piston is drived, and the velocity can be adjusted, but the flow pulse of a single pump is undoubtedly great. So two piston pumps are adopted, whose velocity are controled by NC, then the variable stepless timing in wide range can be achieved. If the velocity in this two pumps |v1|+|v2|=C (C is a constant), the flow curve of two pumps will be coupled into a straight line, in order to achieve constant flow output without the need of complex and inefficient throttle controlling loops, and there has not any power machines and mechanical parts in high-speed rotation ,and the noise pollution is very low. According to the varied circumstance, the high and low pressure conversion can be achieved when the angle velocity in this piston pump is controlled by the instructions. It is also very easy to achieve the dynamic and intelligent control.

A New Type Laser Imaging System of Underwater Wake Bubbles

2014 ◽  
Vol 543-547 ◽  
pp. 2505-2508
Author(s):  
Xi Zhan Liu ◽  
Yan Bo Xue
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Laser Sheet ◽  
High Speed Photography ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Laser Imaging ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Type ◽  
Wake Zone

Considering the difficulties in the wake bubbles imaging, a wake bubbles measurement system was presented based on the combination of high speed photography and laser sheet scanning technology. In this system, laser sheet was used to illuminate the wake zone to avoid the image stacking of bubbles. Because the particle size of bubbles was in a wide range (10~500um), three switchable magnification lenses were designed for the bubbles imaging. the test results show that the image quality is good and this system satisfies technical requirements.

scholarly journals Research Progress of Low Dielectric Benzoxazine Resin

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuping Yin ◽  
Zhenbo Zhang ◽  
Hongyu Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Molecular Design ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Excellent Thermal Stability ◽  
Communication Industry ◽  
Low Dielectric ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Type

Benzoxazine resin, a new type of phenolic resin, has many advantages such as strong molecular design, no small molecular release in the curing process, excellent thermal stability and mechanical properties, and high residual carbon ratio. Thus, it is important for electronic communication industry matrix material. To meet the needs of high-frequency and high -speed communication technology for low-dielectric polymer resin, the low dielectric modification of benzoxazine resin is of great significance to the high frequency and high speed propagation of the signal, which causes a wide range of materials researcher’s attention. In this paper, we reviewed a series of studies on the low dielectric modification of benzoxazine resin in recent years, including the synthesis of new monomers, inorganic - organic hybridization, copolymerization with other resins, and low molecular weight benzoxazine Resin research trends were outlined.

scholarly journals Design of Military Actions in the Operational Environment Hybrid Type

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
Mihai Marcel Neag
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Operational Environment ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Collective Defense ◽  
Hybrid Threats ◽  
Hybrid War ◽  
The Military

Abstract Collective defense arrangements promoted by security-related institutions have generally proven that they can produce the deterrent effect of the armed conflict. However, hybrid warfare actions have challenged the capability of countering and threatening hybrid threats. The paper seeks a point of view on developments in the current operational environment, focusing on the review of the military operations typology in identifying potential measures to counteract the actions of the hybrid war and highlighting the need for a new approach to the construction of armed power in terms of new types risks, challenges and threats

Microfabrication research at the National Submicron Facility

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
E.D. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
High Speed ◽  
New Technology ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Particle ◽  
New Science ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Intermediate Domain ◽  
Circuit Function

Most microelectronics devices and circuits operate faster, consume less power, execute more functions and cost less per circuit function when the feature-sizes internal to the devices and circuits are made smaller. This is part of the stimulus for the Very High-Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSIC) program. There is also a need for smaller, more sensitive sensors in a wide range of disciplines that includes electrochemistry, neurophysiology and ultra-high pressure solid state research. There is often fundamental new science (and sometimes new technology) to be revealed (and used) when a basic parameter such as size is extended to new dimensions, as is evident at the two extremes of smallness and largeness, high energy particle physics and cosmology, respectively. However, there is also a very important intermediate domain of size that spans from the diameter of a small cluster of atoms up to near one micrometer which may also have just as profound effects on society as “big” physics.

Light Railways as the Basic for Transport Infrastructure Development in Northern Territories of Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
P.I. Tarasov
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Northern Territories ◽  
Mode Of Transport

Research objective: studies of economic and transport infrastructure development in the Arctic and Northern Territories of Russia. Research methodology: analysis of transport infrastructure in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and the types of railways used in Russia. Results: economic development of any region is proportional to the development of the road transport infrastructure and logistics. When a conventional railway is operated in the Arctic conditions, it is not always possible to maintain a cargo turnover that would ensure its efficient use, and transshipment from one mode of transport to another is very problematic. A new type of railway is proposed, i.e. a light railway. Conclusions: the proposed new type of transport offers all the main advantages of narrow gauge railroads (high speed of construction, efficiency, etc.) and helps to eliminate their main disadvantage, i.e. the need for transloading when moving from a narrow gauge to the conventional one with the width of 1520 mm, along with a significant reduction in capital costs.

The Handbook of European Defence Policies and Armed Forces

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
National Security ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Blind Spot ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
National Defence

The armed forces of Europe have undergone a dramatic transformation since the collapse of the Soviet Union. The Handbook of European Defence Policies and Armed Forces provides the first comprehensive analysis of national security and defence policies, strategies, doctrines, capabilities, and military operations, as well as the alliances and partnerships of European armed forces in response to the security challenges Europe has faced since the end of the cold war. A truly cross-European comparison of the evolution of national defence policies and armed forces remains a notable blind spot in the existing literature. This Handbook aims to fill this gap with fifty-one contributions on European defence and international security from around the world. The six parts focus on: country-based assessments of the evolution of the national defence policies of Europe’s major, medium, and lesser powers since the end of the cold war; the alliances and security partnerships developed by European states to cooperate in the provision of national security; the security challenges faced by European states and their armed forces, ranging from interstate through intra-state and transnational; the national security strategies and doctrines developed in response to these challenges; the military capabilities, and the underlying defence and technological industrial base, brought to bear to support national strategies and doctrines; and, finally, the national or multilateral military operations by European armed forces. The contributions to The Handbook collectively demonstrate the fruitfulness of giving analytical precedence back to the comparative study of national defence policies and armed forces across Europe.

Assessment of Commercial Off-the-Shelf Tissue Adhesives for Sealing Military-Relevant Corneal Perforation Injuries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J Snider ◽  
Lauren E Cornell ◽  
Brandon M Gross ◽  
David O Zamora ◽  
Emily N Boice
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Ocular Tissue ◽  
Corneal Tissue ◽  
Corneal Perforation ◽  
Tissue Adhesives ◽  
Open Globe ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Commercial Off The Shelf

ABSTRACT Introduction Open-globe ocular injuries have increased in frequency in recent combat operations due to increased use of explosive weaponry. Unfortunately, open-globe injuries have one of the worst visual outcomes for the injured warfighter, often resulting in permanent loss of vision. To improve visual recovery, injuries need to be stabilized quickly following trauma, in order to restore intraocular pressure and create a watertight seal. Here, we assess four off-the-shelf (OTS), commercially available tissue adhesives for their ability to seal military-relevant corneal perforation injuries (CPIs). Materials and Methods Adhesives were assessed using an anterior segment inflation platform and a previously developed high-speed benchtop corneal puncture model, to create injuries in porcine eyes. After injury, adhesives were applied and injury stabilization was assessed by measuring outflow rate, ocular compliance, and burst pressure, followed by histological analysis. Results Tegaderm dressings and Dermabond skin adhesive most successfully sealed injuries in preliminary testing. Across a range of injury sizes and shapes, Tegaderm performed well in smaller injury sizes, less than 2 mm in diameter, but inadequately sealed large or complex injuries. Dermabond created a watertight seal capable of maintaining ocular tissue at physiological intraocular pressure for almost all injury shapes and sizes. However, application of the adhesive was inconsistent. Histologically, after removal of the Dermabond skin adhesive, the corneal epithelium was removed and oftentimes the epithelium surface penetrated into the wound and was adhered to inner stromal tissue. Conclusions Dermabond can stabilize a wide range of CPIs; however, application is variable, which may adversely impact the corneal tissue. Without addressing these limitations, no OTS adhesive tested herein can be directly translated to CPIs. This highlights the need for development of a biomaterial product to stabilize these injuries without causing ocular damage upon removal, thus improving the poor vision prognosis for the injured warfighter.

scholarly journals Vibration of Rotating and Revolving Planet Rings with Discrete and Partially Distributed Stiffnesses

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Fuchun Yang ◽  
Dianrui Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Differential Operators ◽  
Natural Frequencies ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Vibration Modes ◽  
Governing Equations ◽  
Vibration Properties ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Forced Responses

Vibration properties of high-speed rotating and revolving planet rings with discrete and partially distributed stiffnesses were studied. The governing equations were obtained by Hamilton’s principle based on a rotating frame on the ring. The governing equations were cast in matrix differential operators and discretized, using Galerkin’s method. The eigenvalue problem was dealt with state space matrix, and the natural frequencies and vibration modes were computed in a wide range of rotation speed. The properties of natural frequencies and vibration modes with rotation speed were studied for free planet rings and planet rings with discrete and partially distributed stiffnesses. The influences of several parameters on the vibration properties of planet rings were also investigated. Finally, the forced responses of planet rings resulted from the excitation of rotating and revolving movement were studied. The results show that the revolving movement not only affects the free vibration of planet rings but results in excitation to the rings. Partially distributed stiffness changes the vibration modes heavily compared to the free planet ring. Each vibration mode comprises several nodal diameter components instead of a single component for a free planet ring. The distribution area and the number of partially distributed stiffnesses mainly affect the high-order frequencies. The forced responses caused by revolving movement are nonlinear and vary with a quasi-period of rotating speed, and the responses in the regions supported by partially distributed stiffnesses are suppressed.

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