POLICY OF SUPPORTING EMPLOYMENT OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES IN SELECTED COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD

2021 ◽  
Vol 571 (10) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Marcin Garbat
Keyword(s):  
Labor Relations ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The World ◽  
Employment Support ◽  
The Right ◽  
National Systems ◽  
The Eu

The right of people with disabilities to participate in economic life is, inter alia, the right to employment and participation in labor relations. The policy of supporting the employment of people with disabilities refers to actions oriented at the labor market and strengthening the employment opportunities of this social category. Such a policy is aimed at the parallel use of several or even a dozen or so activation instruments. Legal instruments supporting employers of people with disabilities in 10 countries, including 8 from the EU, such as: Belgium (Brussels and the capital region), China, the Czech Republic, France, Japan, Spain, Germany (Brandenburg), Luxembourg, Slovakia and Italy were analyzed. The analysis is also enriched by the description of instruments used in other countries of the world, if they were worthy of attention. Particular emphasis was placed on showing systemic solutions that sometimes allow employment support to be different than in Poland. The analysis describes the most interesting and best functioning national systems which, in their policies, implement the principle of equal opportunities and fight against discrimination, and enable employment of a person with disabilities

The Causes of Greek Decline

1944 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 10-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Walbank
Keyword(s):  
Economic Life ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right ◽  
Of Greece

In one of the most popular anthology passages in Latin, Servius Sulpicius, writing to console Cicero for his daughter's death, describes how, as he reached Greek waters, sailing from Asia, he began to look about him at the ruins of Greece. ‘Behind me was Aegina, in front of me Megara, on the right the Piraeus, on the left Corinth, cities which had once been prosperous, but now lay shattered ruins before my sight.’ Oppidum cadavera he goes on to call them—corpses of cities! The picture, it will probably be objected, is overdrawn; certainly the ruin of Greece was, by Cicero's time, already a rhetorical commonplace, to be echoed by Horace, Ovid and Seneca in turn. But it was based upon an essential truth. The Saronic Gulf, once the centre of the world, was now, for all that Greece meant, a dead lake lapping about the foundations of dead cities. In that tragic decay—which was not confined to mainland Greece—we are confronted with one of the most urgent problems of ancient history, and one with a special significance for our generation, who were already living in an age of economic, political and spiritual upheaval, even before the bombs began to turn our own cities into shattered ruins.This, then, is my reason for reopening a subject on which there is scope for such diverse opinion: adeo maxima quaeque ambigua sunt. If any further justification is required, then I will only add that the recent publication of Professor Michael Rostovtzeff's classic study of the social and economic life of the Hellenistic Age is at once an invitation and a challenge.

scholarly journals International Legal Protection of Labour Rights of People with Disabilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Валентина Микрина ◽  
Valentina Mikrina ◽  
Дамир Бекяшев ◽  
Damir Bekyashev
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Regulatory Activity ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Rights Protection ◽  
Labour Rights ◽  
Full Participation ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right

Restriction or lack of capacity to be engaged in labour activities must not become an encumbrance for efficient employment of people with disabilities. International legal protection of such a vulnerable group should be based on the principles of complete equality of rights and full participation in the life of society. The article deals with the international legal mechanisms of labour rights protection of people with disabilities under the acts passed by the UN and ILO. Ensuring due legal protection of labour rights of people with disabilities in the world of work will facilitate their realization of the right to decent work, which is the main goal of the regulatory activity of the ILO.

Germany’s trade surplus benefits the euro-area

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Euro Area ◽  
Domestic Demand ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Trade Surplus ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World ◽  
The Eu

Subject Germany’s trade surplus. Significance Germany runs a large trade surplus with other euro-area countries and the rest of the world. Critics have argued that wages in Germany have not increased enough in recent years and that the country should boost domestic demand. However, trade and wage developments with other euro-area countries show that such criticism is largely misguided. Impacts Germany’s offshoring of production processes helps boost GDP growth in countries such as Slovakia and the Czech Republic. Creating a more innovation-friendly environment and investing in R&D would lift the long-term growth potential of the euro-area. Completing the digital single market could contribute to more innovation across the EU.

scholarly journals Development of communication infrastructure in rural areas of the Czech Republic

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vaněk ◽  
J. Jarolímek ◽  
P. Šimek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Communication Infrastructure ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Internet Connection ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
Further Development ◽  
The Eu

The paper deals with the current trends in development of communication infrastructure which is, above all, represented by high-speed Internet connection (broadband). It is focused on conditions of the Czech Republic; or more precisely, on its rural areas, including possibilities of further development in the following period in context of trends in the world, in the OECD and the EU countries.

Poverty Alleviation: The Mission of Education

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. I-II
Author(s):  
Editorial Office Science Insights Education Frontiers
Keyword(s):  
Action Plan ◽  
Individual Development ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Un General Assembly ◽  
Us Dollar ◽  
The Right ◽  
To Receive

AT the United Nations (UN) General Assembly held in September 2000, all 191 member states unanimously adopted an action plan aimed at reducing the global poverty level by half by 2015 (using the 1990 level as a reference). The action plan promised to reduce the proportions of the world’s population with a daily income of less than one US dollar and those who suffer from hunger by half by the end of 2015, and to reduce the proportion of people who cannot obtain or afford safe drinking water by the same date. It aimed to ensure that by the same date, children from all over the world, regardless of gender, can complete all elementary school courses, and that boys and girls have equal opportunities to receive all levels of education. The action plan also promised to spare no effort to help more than one billion men, women and children around the world get rid of the miserable and indignant state of extreme poverty, and eventually realize the right of individual development, so that all mankind can avoid the situation of lacking.

scholarly journals The Visegrad Four in Times of Crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Anna Chetverikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Future Development ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The World ◽  
Visegrad Group ◽  
Trade And Investment ◽  
The Eu

The article contains an analysis of the Visegrad Group’s approaches to the world financial and economic crisis of 2008 and the pandemic in 2020. The reasons which determined the increase of the Four’s importance in the EU during periods of global distress for a number of economic indicators are outlined. Special attention is paid to the economic dynamics of Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and the Czech Republic in 2020 in comparison to the time of crisis of 2008-2009 and to the factors influencing the response of countries to the complementary economic issues. The transformation of trade and investment relations within the Visergad Group during the crisis periods is considered. The reasons for changes inside the group are identified. The conclusion is drawn that external challenges cause the weakening of relations within the Four in several areas; the Visegrad market can not fully play the compensatory role for its members in emergency conditions. However, the opportunity for expanding relations within the Group in the future is not excluded. The results of the experts’ survey on the attitudes of the Four during periods of external challenges, relations within the Visegrad Group and directions for future development are presented.

scholarly journals MEMBANGUN IKLIM KERJA INKLUSI: TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL PERUSAHAAN PADA DISABILITAS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 425
Author(s):  
Nurul Fatika ◽  
Wida Yanti ◽  
Adina Riska Anindita ◽  
Santoso Tri Raharjo
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Ethical Business ◽  
Employees With Disabilities ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right ◽  
Corporate Social

Rumusan kebijakan yang mengatur penerimaan disabilitas dalam dunia kerja menjadi peluang dan akses, sekaligus menjadi sumber kekuatan bagi kaum disabilitas untuk menjadikan dirinya sebagai individu yang mandiri dan berdaya yang mampu menjalankan keberfungsian sosialnya. Kebijakan tersebut semestinya menjamin orang yang hidup dengan disabilitas (ODD) memperoleh hak yang sama memperoleh pekerjaan. Deskripsi mengenai bagaimana kondisi iklim kerja di Indonesia saat ini bagi orang dengan disabilitas, serta bagaimana mengoptimalisasi  iklim kerja inklusif merupakan bagian dari tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan sebagai entitas bisnis. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan kajian pustaka dan data sekunder digunakan dalam mangkaji riset ini. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penerapan kebijakan pemerintah terkait hak disabilitas untuk bekerja belum dilaksanakan secara optimal dan sungguh-sungguh oleh berbagai perusahaan di Indonesia. Padahal program CSR yang awal bersifat bisnis etis, saat ini merupakan kewajiban yang harus dilaksanakan oleh perusahaan yang mampu. Setidaknya, sebagai bagian dari CSR internal, sudah seharusnya perusahaan dapat menjamin pemenuhan hak dan kebutuhan bagi karyawan penyandang disabilitas di tempat kerjanya. The formulation of policies governing the acceptance of disability in the world of work becomes an opportunity and access, as well as a source of strength for people with disabilities to make themselves as independent and empowered individuals who are able to carry out social functioning. The policy should ensure that people living with disabilities (ODD) have the same rights to work. Descriptions of how the current working climate in Indonesia is for people with disabilities, and how to optimize the inclusive work climate is part of corporate social responsibility as a business entity. A qualitative approach with literature review and secondary data is used in this research study. The results show that the application of government policies related to the right to disability has not been implemented optimally and seriously by various companies in Indonesia. Whereas the initial CSR program was ethical business, now it is an obligation that must be carried out by a capable company. At least, as part of internal CSR, companies should be able to guarantee the fulfillment of the rights and needs of employees with disabilities in their workplaces.

CERTAIN ISSUES OF LEGAL REGULATION OF LABOR IN QUARANTINE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid Ostapenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Labor Law ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
School Work ◽  
Right To Work ◽  
The World ◽  
The Right

The article is devoted to the issues of special regulation of labor relations under quarantine. Such a basic concept of labor law as remote and at-school work is considered. Comparative analysis of legislation of the countries of the world on homebased work and peculiarities of its use in modern market conditions is carried out. The example of tv workers describes the working conditions of their work both outside the permanent workplace and in the time of performance of the labor functions defined for them. Attention is paid to the need to take into account the peculiarities of remote work not only with the help of television technologies, but also in other media. Taking into account the current national legislation, new well-founded approaches in terms of the legal and organizational basis for the functioning of the labor regime during the quarantine restrictions are proposed, which to some extent will contribute to the implementation of the right to work for the population of Ukraine.

scholarly journals   Development of agricultural trade and competitiveness of the commodity structures of individual countries of the Visegrad Group

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 222-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Svatoš ◽  
L. Smutka
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
The World ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Visegrad Group ◽  
The Eu

The paper analyzes the development of the value, commodity and territorial structure and competitiveness of agricultural trade of the countries of the Visegrad Group in 1993–2008. Over the years, there has been a sharp increase not only to the volume, but also to the value of the traded agricultural products. The territorial structure of both exports and imports has narrowed to a decisive extent, primarily to the trade with the countries of the EU27. The commodity structure of agricultural trade has adapted very strongly both to the world and especially to the European market and it has furthermore reacted to the changes in the structure of the individual national markets. In the course of the years, the commodity structure has profiled so that there has been a limitation of aggregation with a strong comparative advantage on the market of the EU countries in relation to the aggregations that did not held this advantage. The analysis that has been performed indicates that the process of the accession to the EU has been reflected positively in the results of agricultural trade especially in the case of Poland. In the case of the Czech Republic and Slovakia, the entry into the EU likewise has not led to a worsening of the results in the area of agricultural trade. Only in the case of Hungary, one does find serious structural problems after the entry into the EU in the case of agricultural trade. It can be assumed that these problems can be attributed for the most part to the Hungary’s current economic problems.    

scholarly journals The Performance of Grape Production in the Czech Republic

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 333-342
Author(s):  
Nahanga Verter ◽  
Lea Hasíková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Export Promotion ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Foreign Earnings ◽  
External Demand ◽  
The World ◽  
Demand Volatility ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
The Eu

Grape is a major agrarian input for winemaking in the Czech Republic (Czechia). This contribution assesses the performance of grape production in Czechia. The country’s performance is compared with Slovakia and some major producing countries in the world. Using the OLS approach, the results show that area harvested, yields, farm gate price and wine export have a positive relationship with grape production in Czechia. The descriptive approach shows Czechia as a net importer of wine. Also, grape yields in Czechia and Slovakia have been below the EU and global averages. These two countries’ wine exports have been concentrated in few markets within the EU single market. There is a need for grape farmers in the countries to find ways to improve yield per hectare. Similarly, export promotion should be encouraged and diversified beyond the EU markets to reduce external demand volatility or shocks. Arguably, this measure may accelerate foreign earnings from grape and wine related export products in the country.

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