Prevalence and perceptions of overweight and obesity in Aboriginal and non‐Aboriginal young people in custody

AbstractOverweight and obesity in childhood and young people represent a large global health problem. Therefore, the main aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of overweight/obesity by body mass index (BMI) and its associated lifestyle factors among university students in Slovakia. The BMI index was examined in relation to nine life factors for both sexes, respectively, in a sample of 200 (108 men and 92 women) young university students from Slovakia. The data were obtained using anthropometric measurements and by means of a questionnaire. The results for BMI values confirmed that both sexes were classified into the “about right” weight category. Analysis of the BMI values and questionnaire data showed different results for both sexes. While the type of daily activity and type of physical activity were associated with greater obesity for men, in women, tobacco intake was an important.

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SOFIA UNIVERSITY’ STUDENTS’ PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVELS AND THEIR OPINION ABOUT THE USE OF SMART DEVICES IN SPORT CLASSES

Knowledge International Journal ◽

10.35120/kij3002487t ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 487-492

Author(s):

Boryana Tumanova

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

European Union ◽

Young People ◽

University Students ◽

European Commission ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Smart Devices ◽

High Tech ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Physical Activity Levels

The imperative for taking action to increase physical activity is clear. No European Union country has a prevalence of overweight and obesity below 50%, and childhood obesity is a major concern throughout the continent. The European Union has long increasingly emphasized the sociological, physiological and psychological benefits of sport. The integration of sports into the universities educational curriculum in most European pedagogical systems has resulted in high levels of sport practice among the youth. However, as young people enter higher education many member-states face a problem with withdrawal in participation. At the same time in many resent researches, scientists warn that the fitness level of young generation is far from good. There are many reasons behind the low motivation of young people to participate in sport classes. The universities policy makers and sport departments can play an important role by finding new motivational engines which will make sport classes more attractive to students. “Te(a)chIn Sport” project was developed and granted by the European Commission in 2017. The project general objective is to raise awareness of the importance of health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA) of young people through increased participation in sports by using innovative technologies in university sport classes. In the high-tech era, we live in today, the wearable technology market is booming. Now people are able to find all kind of information at their fingertips via smart phones, fitness activity tracers and many other devices. Especially young people find a lot of excitement in using all kind of applications for which they spend the most of their free time. The represented research is a part of “Te(a)chIn Sport” project, granted by the Erasmus + Sport Program of the European Commission, in which “St. Kliment Ohridski” University of Sofia is the leading partner. The article shows the results of a feasibility study on Sofia University’ students’ physical activity levels, their preferences and opinion about the sport classes and sport services offered at the University and the local area as well as their interest in using smart devices in sport classes. Participants were 200 Sofia University’ students (of which 122 female and 78 male in the age of 18 to 25 years) in different years of their bachelor studies in a variety of subjects. All of them enlisted in different sport classes for 2017-2018 school year. For the purposes of the study has been used the Descriptive - explicative method. For analyzing the received data, the Frequencies (f) and Percent’s (%) analyses have been applied. The results show that students do not exercise on regular bases and that the use of smart devices in sport classes will make them more attractive to young people.

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Area deprivation, screen time and consumption of food and drink high in fat salt and sugar (HFSS) in young people: results from a cross-sectional study in the UK

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027333 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. e027333 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Fiona Thomas ◽

Christopher Thomas ◽

Lucie Hooper ◽

Gillian Rosenberg ◽

Jyotsna Vohra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

Screen Time ◽

Health Knowledge ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Area Deprivation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Time Exposure ◽

Sugary Drinks ◽

The Uk

ObjectivesTo investigate associations between deprivation in young people and consumption of foods high in fat, salt and sugar (HFSS), screen time exposure and health knowledge.DesignAn online cross-sectional survey with people aged 11–19 years in the UK, where participants reported consumption behaviours across 13 HFSS and two non-HFSS groups; screen time for commercial television and streaming services; and knowledge of health conditions and their links to obesity.SettingUKParticipantsA total of 3348 young people aged 11–19 years across the UK.Main outcome measuresThe study assessed the consumption behaviours, commercial screen time exposure and the health knowledge of 3348 people aged 11–19 years. Multivariate binary regression analysis, controlling for age and gender, was performed.ResultsDeprivation level was associated with increases in consumption of six of the HFSS products including energy drinks (OR: 2.943, p<0.001) and sugary drinks (OR: 1.938, p<0.001) and a reduction in consumption in the two non-HFSS products included in the study, fruit (OR: 0.668, p=0.004) and vegetables (OR: 0.306, p<0.001). Deprivation was associated with high weekly screen time of both television (OR: 2.477, p<0.001) and streaming (OR: 1.679, p=0.001). Health knowledge was also associated with deprivation. There was lower awareness of the association of obesity and cancer (OR: 0.697, p=0.003), type 2 diabetes (OR: 0.64, p=0.004) and heart disease (OR: 0.519, p<0.001) in the most deprived.ConclusionsYoung people from the more deprived areas of the UK were more likely to consume a range of HFSS products, report increased exposure to HFSS advertising and have a poorer awareness of health conditions associated with overweight and obesity. The findings suggest that population-level measures addressing childhood obesity should account for consumption patterns among different groups of children and young people and the factors that may influence these.

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Thinking eHealth

Strategic Innovations and Interdisciplinary Perspectives in Telecommunications and Networking - Advances in Wireless Technologies and Telecommunication ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-8188-8.ch015 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 290-312

Author(s):

Izabella V. Lokshina ◽

Michael R. Bartolacci

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Young People ◽

Health Management ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Psychological Status ◽

Inference System ◽

Status Monitoring ◽

Individual Health Status ◽

Psychological Influence

This chapter explains eHealth; discusses experiences, health management strategies, and healthcare models to address overweight and obesity in young population; and focuses on mathematical background of individual health status monitoring system to empower young people to manage their health. The proposed system uses symptoms observed with mobile sensing devices to define individual physical and psychological status. It has flexible logical inference system providing positive psychological influence on young people since full acceptance of recommendations towards healthy lifestyles is reached and correct interpretation is guaranteed. Models and algorithms are developed based on the composition inference rule in fuzzy logic that makes health status identification process faster and obtained results more precise and efficient comparing to traditional identification algorithms.

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The commercial marketing of healthy lifestyles to address the global child and adolescent obesity pandemic: prospects, pitfalls and priorities

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980009990267 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 2027-2036 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Vivica I Kraak ◽

Shiriki K Kumanyika ◽

Mary Story

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

Private Sector ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Public Private Partnerships ◽

Healthy Lifestyles ◽

Positive Contribution ◽

Public And Private ◽

Obesity Trends ◽

Public And Private Sector

AbstractPublic- and private-sector initiatives to promote healthy eating and physical activity, called ‘healthy lifestyles’, are a relatively recent response to the global obesity pandemic. The present paper explores different views about marketing healthy lifestyles with a special emphasis on private-sector initiatives and public–private partnerships designed to reach young people. We discuss aspects of these initiatives and partnerships from three perspectives: (i) the potential for commercial marketing practices to have a favourable influence on reversing global obesity trends (termed prospects); (ii) unresolved dilemmas and challenges that may hinder progress (termed pitfalls); and (iii) the implementation and evaluation of coordinated and systematic actions (termed priorities) that may increase the likelihood that commercially marketed healthy-lifestyle initiatives and public–private partnerships can make a positive contribution to reverse the rise in overweight and obesity among young people globally.

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Adolescents who are overweight or obese - the relevance of a social network to engaging in physical activity: a qualitative study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10727-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ingeborg B. Skogen ◽

Kjetil L. Høydal

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Health Care ◽

Social Networks ◽

Social Network ◽

Young People ◽

School Health ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Primary Health ◽

Overweight Or Obesity

Abstract Background Increased level of physical activity (PA) is one of the approaches offered by school health services in Norway for the prevention and treatment of children and adolescents with overweight and obesity. Research has found that young people with overweight and obesity tend to participate in less physical activity than youth of healthier weight. They also tend to perceive several barriers to PA at the environmental, interpersonal, and individual levels. This paper explores how adolescents’, who receive follow-up of weight management in primary health care, experience barriers to and facilitators for engaging in physical activity within their social networks. Methods This is a qualitative study with an explorative design inspired by phenomenological ideas based on analysis of semi-structured interviews with 10 adolescents aged 13–18. Interviews were conducted with young people with overweight or obesity in weight-related follow-up in primary health care settings in various regions in Norway. Results The results describe the barriers to and facilitators of PA in the adolescents’ social networks. The study reveals a strong emphasis on the importance of a social network for engaging in PA. According to these adolescents’ experiences of PA in their social networks, organizing PA groups that consist of similarly young people with overweight can contribute to an increased level of PA and help modify their negative perceptions of such activity. Conclusions This study finds that young people with overweight and obesity place a strong emphasis on a social network where they feel equal to others if they are to engage in PA. The study suggests that School Health Nurses should establish a social network of adolescents in the same situation, in the form of organized activity groups for young people with overweight or obesity, rather than advice on increased participation in ordinary organized sports or individual exercising. This can facilitate an increase in the PA level among this group of young people.

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Prevalence of overweight and obesity among young people in Great Britain

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1079/phn2003539 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 461-465 ◽

Cited By ~ 72

Author(s):

Susan A Jebb ◽

Kirsten L Rennie ◽

Tim J Cole

Keyword(s):

Great Britain ◽

Young People ◽

Task Force ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Social Classes ◽

Nutrition Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Prevalence Of Obesity ◽

Nationally Representative

AbstractObjective:To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in British young people (4–18 years) in 1997.Design:Cross-sectional analysis of the National Diet and Nutrition Survey of young people.Setting:Great Britain.Subjects:Nationally representative sample of 1836 young people (age 4–18 years).Results:The prevalence of obesity based on body mass index (weight/height2) and the International Obesity Task Force cut–offs was 4.0%, with a further 15.4% identified as overweight. Asians were almost four times as likely to be obese as white subjects (13.6 vs. 3.5%, P < 0.001). Among white subjects there was no significant difference in the prevalence of obesity between girls and boys, or with age. The risk of obesity was significantly higher in subjects from social classes IV and V than from social classes I–III (6.5 vs. 2.7%, P = 0.003). Subjects living in Scotland and Wales were significantly more likely to be obese than those in England (7.6 and 6.5 vs. 2.9%, respectively, P < 0.01). Multiple logistic regression showed that, among white subjects, those in social classes IV and V living in Wales and Scotland were three times more likely to be obese than the other children in the survey (odds ratio 3.3, 95% confidence interval 1.1–9.8).Conclusion:These data provide information on the national prevalence of overweight and obesity in Great Britain and baseline data from which to monitor future trends. This analysis provides important demographic information on those most at risk of obesity, which may be used to inform public health strategies to prevent obesity in young people.

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Diabetes type 2 in young people. Clinical case from the practice of endocrinologist

Clinical review for general practice ◽

10.47407/kr2021.2.1.00028 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 18-21

Author(s):

Galina A. Batrak ◽

◽

Maria V. Zhaburina ◽

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Family History ◽

Young People ◽

Young Patients ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Young Age ◽

History Of

In recent decades, type 2 diabetes is increasingly recorded in young people, adolescents and children. The most significant risk factors for type 2 diabetes in young patients are family history of the disease, overweight and obesity, and the presence of insulin resistance. The main diagnostic criteria for type 2 diabetes mellitus in young patients, in addition to the traditional ones (hyperglycemia and glycosylated hemoglobin), are a high level of C-peptide and insulin resistance in the absence of antibodies to ICA, insulin, GAD. In connection with the projected increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes at a young age, it is necessary to pay attention to the implementation of preventive measures and timely clinical examination among groups of children and adolescents with the presence of abdominal obesity, burdened with a family history of obesity and type 2 diabetes, in order to prevent or delay the early development of disorders carbohydrate metabolism among this group at an earlier age. Given the predominance of insulin resistance in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes in young people, it is necessary to give priority to drugs from the metformin group when prescribing treatment. Thus, the global growth of type 2 diabetes, the tendency to "rejuvenate" diabetes, insufficient information on the prevalence, risk factors and clinical manifestations of the disease at a young age emphasize the urgency of studying this problem.

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