scholarly journals ALTERAÇÕES NUTRICIONAIS ASSOCIADAS AO TRATAMENTO QUIMIOTERÁPICO EM PACIENTES COM CÂNCER

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
Maísa Cristina Marchiori ◽  
Sandra Cristina Genaro
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Frequent Change ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Laryngeal Tumors ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
The Impact

Cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy have side effects that alter feeding and absorption of nutrients, compromising the nutritional status, causing discontinuation of treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of chemotherapy on nutritional status of cancer patients. The methodologies consisted of non-standardizedquestionnaire, assessment of body mass index (BMI) and search of information on the patient's record. For data distribution analysis was used Kolmogorov Smirnov, correlation analysis was applied to Spearman's test with 5% significance level. The types of cancer that showed greater weight loss were laryngeal tumors, stomach, leukemia, intestine, lung and breast, respectively. Side effects that were associated with changes in nutritional status were change in appetite, dysphasia and enteritis. The conclusion is that weight loss is a frequent change in these patients, contributing to a poor prognosis and decreased quality of life

scholarly journals Cyst(e)ine in nutrition formulation promotes colon cancer growth and chemoresistance by activating mTORC1 and scavenging ROS

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiao Wu ◽  
Sai-Ching Jim Yeung ◽  
Sicheng Liu ◽  
Aiham Qdaisat ◽  
Dewei Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patient ◽  
Nutrition Support ◽  
Immunodeficient Mice ◽  
The Impact

AbstractWeight loss and cachexia are common problems in colorectal cancer patients; thus, parenteral and enteral nutrition support play important roles in cancer care. However, the impact of nonessential amino acid components of nutritional intake on cancer progression has not been fully studied. In this study, we discovered that gastrointestinal cancer patients who received cysteine as part of the parenteral nutrition had shorter overall survival (P < 0.001) than those who did not. Cystine indeed robustly promotes colon cancer cell growth in vitro and in immunodeficient mice, predominately by inhibiting SESN2 transcription via the GCN2-ATF4 axis, resulting in mTORC1 activation. mTORC1 inhibitors Rapamycin and Everolimus block cystine-induced cancer cell proliferation. In addition, cystine confers resistance to oxaliplatin and irinotecan chemotherapy by quenching chemotherapy-induced reactive oxygen species via synthesizing glutathione. We demonstrated that dietary deprivation of cystine suppressed colon cancer xenograft growth without weight loss in mice and boosted the antitumor effect of oxaliplatin. These findings indicate that cyst(e)ine, as part of supplemental nutrition, plays an important role in colorectal cancer and manipulation of cyst(e)ine content in nutritional formulations may optimize colorectal cancer patient survival.

scholarly journals PERCEPTION OF CANCER PATIENTS ON CHEMOTHERAPY SIDE EFFECTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Rani Lisa Indra ◽  
Bayu Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Physical Problems ◽  
Chemotherapy Side Effects ◽  
Skin Discoloration ◽  
Loss Of Appetite

Chemotherapy causes various side effects that can affect the patient's physical or non-physical condition. Patients' perceptions or ratings of these side effects vary. This study aimed to identify cancer patients' perceptions of the side effects of chemotherapy they are undergoing. The descriptive study was conducted on 84 samples, namely cancer patients aged 20 years who had undergone chemotherapy at least once before. Data collection using a questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was carried out descriptively with frequency distribution. The results showed that the perception of the physical side effects of chemotherapy that was considered very disturbing by the patient (severe symptoms) was nausea (59.5%), feeling of weakness (36.9%), hair loss (35.7%), vomiting. (29.8%), loss of appetite (28.6%). %), weight loss (27.4%), insomnia and skin discoloration (19% each), headache (16.7%) and fever (15.5%). When the perception of non-physical side effects was fear of death, affecting work/household duties and feeling fear (15.5% each), feeling anxious about my life, and the presence of family members I have to take care (14.3% each). The most disturbing side effects of chemotherapy are physical problems. The health service is expected to increase interventions to minimize the side effects of chemotherapy. 

O193 ROLE OF MALNUTRITION IN 0ESOPHAGEAL SURGERY FOR CANCER

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Alfieri ◽  
M Nardi ◽  
V Moretto ◽  
E Pinto ◽  
M Briarava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Oesophagogastric Junction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Aim To investigate whether preoperative malnutrition is associated with long term outcome and survival in patients undergoing radical oesophagectomy for oesophageal or oesophagogastric junction cancer. Background & Methods Dysphagia, weight loss, chemo-radiationtherapy frequently lead to malnutrition in patients with oesophageal or oesophagogastric junction cancer. Severe malnutrition is associated with higher risk of postoperative complications but little is known on the correlation with long term survival. We conducted a single center retrospective study on a prospectively collected database of patients undergoing oesophagectomy from 2008 and 2012 in order to evaluate the impact of preoperative malnutrition with postoperative outcome and long term survival. Preoperative malnutrition was classified as: prealbumin level less than 220 mg/dL (PL), MUST index (Malnutrition Universal Screeening Tool) >2 and weight loss >10%. Results 177 consecutive patients were considered: due to incomplete data 60 were excluded from the analysis that was performed on 117 patients. PL was reported in 52 (44%) patients, MUST index was recorded in 62 (53%), 58 (49%) patients presented more than 10% weight loss at the preoperative evaluation. PL was associated with more postoperative Clavien-Dindo 1-2 complications (p=0.048, OR 2.35 95%IC 1.001-5.50), no differences were observed in mortality, anastomotic leak, major pulmonary complications. MUST index was not correlated with postoperative complications nor mortality but resulted worse in patients treated with chemo-radiotherapy (p=0.046, OR 1.92 95%CI 1.011-3.64). Weight loss >10% was not associated with postoperative complications or mortality. Overall 7 years survival rate was 69%. and DFS was 68%. Malnourished patients did not differ from non-malnourished regarding age, sex, tumor site, tumor stage and histology. No significant difference in 7 years survival rates was observed in patients with PL <220 mg/dL ( 55 % vs 67%), neither in patients with MUST score>2 (58% vs 72%), nor in patients with weight loss >10% (53% vs 70%). Conclusions Malnutrition is more common in patients treated with chemoradiation therapy and it is associated with postoperative complications. However, both long term and disease free survival are not affected by preoperative nutritional status. Larger patient population and data on long term postoperative nutritional status will be analyzed in further studies.

scholarly journals Altered Preoperative Nutritional Status in Colorectal Cancer: A Not So Infrequent Issue

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Javier Páramo-Zunzunegui ◽  
Araceli Ramos-Carrasco ◽  
Marcos Alonso-García ◽  
Rosa Cuberes-Montserrat ◽  
Gil Rodríguez-Caravaca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Colorectal Neoplasia ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
A Value ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients

Introduction. Malnutrition and weight loss in cancer patients is a common problem that affects the prognosis of the disease. In the case of CRC, malnutrition rates range between 30 and 60%. Objectives. Description of the preoperative nutritional status of patients diagnosed with colorectal neoplasia who will undergo surgery. Materials and Methods. A prospective observational study is performed. Results. Of 234 patients studied, we observed that 139 (59%) had some degree of nutritional risk. Of all of them, 44.9% (N = 47) had 1-2 points according to MUST and 25% (N = 27) had more than 2 points. No differences were found when studying nutritional risk according to the location of the neoplasm. It was observed that 2.15% of the patients were underweight, 51% overweight, and 23% obese. 19.4% of patients lost less than 5 kg in the 3–6 months prior to diagnosis, 20.7% lost between 5 and 10 kg, and 2.1% lost more than 10 kg. In asymptomatic patients, the weight loss was lower than in symptomatic patients, loss <5 kg, 8.2% vs. 22.8%, and loss 5–10 kg, 16.2% vs. 29.3%, with a value of p = 0.016 . 5% (N = 7) of the patients had hypoalbuminemia record. 16.5% (N = 23) had some degree of prealbumin deficiency and 20.9% (N = 29) of hypoproteinemia. Symptomatic patients had more frequent analytical alterations, 1-2 altered parameters in 48.8% (N = 20) of asymptomatic vs. 61.2% (N = 22) in the symptomatic, p = 0.049 .

scholarly journals EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF STANDARDIZED CINNAMON BARK EXTRACT FOR THE PREVENTION OF CHEMOTHERAPY-INDUCED WEIGHT LOSS AND ALOPECIA IN PATIENTS WITH BREAST CANCER: A RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, AND PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY

2019 ◽  
pp. 163-168
Author(s):  
AJAY MEHTA ◽  
SUCHITRA MEHTA ◽  
PRASAD THAKURDESAI
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Cinnamon Bark

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of IND02 (standardized Cinnamon bark extract) supplementation for the prevention of side effects of cancer chemotherapy in female patients with breast cancer. Methods: The study was conducted using double-blind, placebo-controlled design in 34 female breast cancer patients during the first 4 consecutive 21-day cycles of the standard chemotherapy regimen. The active treatment (IND02 capsules, 400 mg, one capsule, and thrice a day) or matching placebo was orally administrated in randomized (1:1 ratio) patients. The efficacy outcome measures were reduction in chemotherapy-induced weight loss, alopecia (hair fall), and other side effects. The safety outcome measures were hematology, ECG, vital signs, adverse event monitoring, and laboratory safety measurements. Results: The patients on the treatment with IND02 had shown significant protection from chemotherapy-induced severe weight loss (cachexia) and alopecia (reduced hair density and % hairs in the anagen phase, and increased % hairs in telogen phase) which was seen in the placebo group. IND02 treatment was found safe and well-tolerated during the study. Conclusion: Concomitant use of IND02 in breast cancer patients during breast cancer chemotherapy showed a clinical promise regarding efficacy and safety in preventing chemotherapy-induced weight loss and alopecia.

scholarly journals Nutritional Status and Quality of Life in Hospitalised Cancer Patients Who Develop Intestinal Failure and Require Parenteral Nutrition: An Observational Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2357
Author(s):  
Marina Plyta ◽  
Pinal S. Patel ◽  
Konstantinos C. Fragkos ◽  
Tomoko Kumagai ◽  
Shameer Mehta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Intestinal Failure ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
The Impact

(1) Background: Malnutrition in cancer patients impacts quality of life (QoL) and performance status (PS). When oral/enteral nutrition is not possible and patients develop intestinal failure, parenteral nutrition (PN) is indicated. Our aim was to assess nutritional status, QoL, and PS in hospitalised cancer patients recently initiated on PN for intestinal failure. (2) Methods: The design was a cross-sectional observational study. The following information was captured: demographic, anthropometric, biochemical and medical information, as well as nutritional screening tool (NST), patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA), functional assessment of cancer therapy-general (FACT-G), and Karnofsky PS (KPS) data. (3) Results: Among 85 PN referrals, 30 oncology patients (56.2 years, 56.7% male) were identified. Mean weight (60.3 ± 16.6 kg) corresponded to normal body mass index values (21.0 ± 5.1 kg/m2). However, weight loss was significant in patients with gastrointestinal tumours (p < 0.01). A high malnutrition risk was present in 53.3–56.7% of patients, depending on the screening tool. Patients had impaired QoL (FACT-G: 26.6 ± 9.8) but PS indicated above average capability with independent daily activities (KPS: 60 ± 10). (4) Conclusions: Future research should assess the impact of impaired NS and QoL on clinical outcomes such as survival, with a view to encompassing nutritional and QoL assessment in the management pathway of this patient group.

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