scholarly journals Ações afirmativas e o horizonte normativo da democracia racial (Affirmative actions and the normative horizon of racial democracy)

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (26) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Ignacio José Godinho Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Affirmative Action ◽  
Race Relations ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Racial Inequalities ◽  
Racial Democracy ◽  
Current Century ◽  
The Impact

<p>Este artigo faz uma síntese das percepções intelectuais sobre as relações raciais no Brasil e avalia o impacto das políticas de ação afirmativa ao longo do século em curso. Assinala, também, que o caráter plural da tácita coalizão que sustentou o fortalecimento das políticas de ação afirmativa na agenda política brasileira nos últimos anos sugere a possibilidade de constituição de uma nova crença compartilhada, em que a noção de democracia racial afaste-se de seu paradigma descritivo e ideológico, para converter-se num horizonte normativo, que não mascare o racismo e as desigualdades raciais, mas sim defina os objetivos a perseguir na luta para sua superação e os caminhos para alcançá-los.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The article provides an overview of the intellectual perceptions of race relations in Brazil and evaluates the impact of affirmative action policies over the current century. Points out, finally, that the plural character of tacit coalition that supported the strengthening of affirmative action policies in the Brazilian political agenda in recent years suggests the possibility of setting up a new shared belief in the notion of racial democracy move away from its descriptive and ideological paradigm, to become a normative horizon that does not mask racism and racial inequalities, but set the objectives to be pursued in the fight to overcome it and the ways to achieve them.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: History. Policy. Racism. Affirmative action. Racial democracy.</p>

Climate-forced changes of bio-productivity of Belorussian terrestrial ecosystems

2019 ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
S. A. Lysenko
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Trend ◽  
Vegetation Growth ◽  
Current Century ◽  
The Impact

The spatial and temporal particularities of Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) changes over territory of Belarus in the current century and their relationship with climate change were investigated. The rise of NDVI is observed at approximately 84% of the Belarus area. The statistically significant growth of NDVI has exhibited at nearly 35% of the studied area (t-test at 95% confidence interval), which are mainly forests and undeveloped areas. Croplands vegetation index is largely descending. The main factor of croplands bio-productivity interannual variability is precipitation amount in vegetation period. This factor determines more than 60% of the croplands NDVI dispersion. The long-term changes of NDVI could be explained by combination of two factors: photosynthesis intensifying action of carbon dioxide and vegetation growth suppressing action of air warming with almost unchanged precipitation amount. If the observed climatic trend continues the croplands bio-productivity in many Belarus regions could be decreased at more than 20% in comparison with 2000 year. The impact of climate change on the bio-productivity of undeveloped lands is only slightly noticed on the background of its growth in conditions of rising level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

scholarly journals Development of the Circular Bioeconomy: Drivers and Indicators

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Maximilian Kardung ◽  
Kutay Cingiz ◽  
Ortwin Costenoble ◽  
Roel Delahaye ◽  
Wim Heijman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Stakeholder Consultation ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The EU’s 2018 Bioeconomy Strategy Update and the European Green Deal recently confirmed that the bioeconomy is high on the political agenda in Europe. Here, we propose a conceptual analysis framework for quantifying and analyzing the development of the EU bioeconomy. The bioeconomy has several related concepts (e.g., bio-based economy, green economy, and circular economy) and there are clear synergies between these concepts, especially between the bioeconomy and circular economy concepts. Analyzing the driving factors provides important information for monitoring activities. We first derive the scope of the bioeconomy framework in terms of bioeconomy sectors and products to be involved, the needed geographical coverage and resolution, and time period. Furthermore, we outline a set of indicators linked to the objectives of the EU’s bioeconomy strategy. In our framework, measuring developments will, in particular, focus on the bio-based sectors within the bioeconomy as biomass and food production is already monitored. The selected indicators commit to the EU Bioeconomy Strategy objectives and conform with findings from previous studies and stakeholder consultation. Additionally, several new indicators have been suggested and they are related to measuring the impact of changes in supply, demand drivers, resource availability, and policies on sustainability goals.

SHIFTING POWER

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 417-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brianna Remster ◽  
Rory Kramer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African American ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Mass Incarceration ◽  
Racial Inequalities ◽  
Rural Districts ◽  
Contemporary United States ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Legislative Districts

AbstractWhile prisoners cannot vote, they are counted as residents of the often rural legislative districts where they are incarcerated rather than their home districts. We examine the extent to which incarceration shifts the balance of a representative democracy by considering its impact on legislative apportionment. Drawing on data from the Census, Pennsylvania Department of Corrections, and Pennsylvania Redistricting Commission, we develop a counterfactual framework to examine whether removing and returning prisoners to their home districts affects equal representation. Because prisoners are disproportionately African American, we also employ this counterfactual to assess racial differences in the impact of prison gerrymandering. Findings indicate that incarceration shifts political power from urban districts to suburban and rural districts through legislative apportionment. Moreover, non-White communities suffer the most. We conclude by considering how our findings fit a growing literature on the role of mass incarceration in [re]producing racial inequalities in the contemporary United States.

Editorial

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Roseveare ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Editorial Team ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Demographic Shift ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
Escape Route ◽  
Acute Medicine ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Milestones are often seen as opportunities for reflection and reminiscence. As this edition of the journal coincides with the 10th anniversary of my consultant appointment I hope readers will forgive a couple of paragraphs of self-indulgence. The phrase: ‘Where did all that time go?’ will probably be familiar to physicians at a more advanced stage of their career. With medical students now returning as specialist registrars, and former house officers appearing as consultant colleagues, the passage of time is increasingly apparent. I recently realised that our current third year students were born in the year I clerked my first patient: surprisingly I still remember his name, age and diagnosis, unlike many of those (and all of the students!) who I have seen since. On a more positive note, there have clearly been a lot of changes over these ten years: at the time of my appointment in June 1999 there was just a small handful of ‘acute physicians’ in the UK. SAM meetings attracted barely 100 delegates, despite providing free admission, and most of us had planned our escape route in case the acute medicine concept went ‘belly-up’ before our retirement. Now, with several hundred acute medicine consultants, similar numbers of trainees, and ‘full speciality’ status rapidly approaching, job security should no longer be a major concern. Indeed, the last 12 months has seen a further considerable expansion of the speciality; all of the first cohort of acute medicine trainees in Wessex have secured consultant positions, and I am told that SAM now has close to 700 full members. What the next ten years will bring remains to be seen, but with an ageing population and year-round pressures from rising emergency admissions, acute medicine will surely continue to strengthen. As I indicated last time, an increasing number of research-based submissions will be trickling into the journal over the next few editions. The impact of alcohol on the Health Service is a subject which has been at the top of the political agenda in recent months. So it is timely to include an article highlighting its impact on the Acute Medical intake in a busy Teaching hospital in this edition of the journal. The finding that one-in-five patients admitted to the AMU were considered ‘hazardous’ drinkers will probably come as no surprise to acute physicians working elsewhere in the UK. In fact this figure may have been an under-estimate given that the number of units consumer per week was not documented in 30% of clerking records. The demographic shift away from the stereotype ‘middle-aged male’ drinker is also apparent with large numbers of females aged 40-59 falling into this category. Recent editions of this journal would not seem complete without mention of training in practical procedures. In this issue the SAM trainee representatives have summarised the recent trainee survey in this area, providing some recommendations which will hopefully be incorporated into the new curriculum. Readers who are becoming tired of this subject can be reassured that this should be the final article relating to this for the time being! I hope this edition provides interesting reading and please keep the submissions coming – although the review articles are usually solicited by the editorial team, we will continue to consider any submitted article for publication, provided there is a clear teaching message for those working in the field of Acute Medicine. Any feedback on the articles included in this or previous editions would also be welcome, and may be included in a future ‘viewpoint’ or ‘letters to the editor’ section.

Harassment at Work as Discrimination: The Current Debate in England and Wales

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-114
Author(s):  
Pauline Roberts ◽  
Lucy Vickers
Keyword(s):  
Race Relations ◽  
Sex Discrimination ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Racial Harassment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Victims Of Bullying ◽  
Court Of Appeal

In 1996–97 there were a number of significant decisions which extended the scope of employers' liability for sexual and racial harassment at work, based upon the provisions of the Sex Discrimination Act 1975 and the Race Relations Act 1976. This article seeks to analyse the impact of these recent cases. It began by considering the relationship between the concepts of ‘harassment’ and ‘discrimination’ and the problems inherent in using the anti-discrimination legislation to deal with harassment and bullying at work; we then focus on the recently demonstrated ‘purposive’ approach of the Employment Appeal Tribunal and Court of Appeal in interpreting the statutes and consider how this combats the weaknesses identified. Alternative forms of relief will be briefly considered, in particular the recently enacted Protection from Harassment Act 1997. The authors, while welcoming the recent decisions, argue that there are some victims of bullying who remain outside the protection of the existing anti-discrimination legislation (as they do not fall within any of the groups identified for protection), notwithstanding the robust advances of the EAT. We suggest that the Protection from Harassment Act may not completely fill this gap.

scholarly journals Canada’s Response to the “War on Terror”: A New Era of National Security, Erosion of Rights and Racial Injustice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waheeda Rahman
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
New Era ◽  
Social Activists ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Racial Injustice ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Democratic Rights ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Historical Treatment

Echoing Canada's historical treatment of immigrants, the post- 9/11 era has brought terrorism and national security issues to the forefront of the political agenda by dividing immigrants based on race, colour, religion and country of origin (Kruger, Mulder and Korenic, 2004). The research critically examines the major security legislation employed by the Canadian government since the events of September 11, 2001, in order to highlight the impact on marginalized communitites, in particular "Muslims" and "Arabs". The paper will examine through key informant interviews, the affect the new security agenda has had on targeted individuals and on the advocacy efforts of social movements and social activists. The paper takes the position that this new era of national security undertaken by the state has resulted in a two-tiered justice system, where certain groups are now being targeted by government and security agencies, while there is an erosion of democratic rights of all Canadians.

scholarly journals Relações raciais, racismo e políticas públicas no Brasil contemporâneo

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Theodoro
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Affirmative Action ◽  
Race Relations ◽  
Institutional Racism ◽  
Pluralistic Society ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Racial Issue ◽  
Racial Issues ◽  
Bolsa Familia ◽  
Real Importance

Este artigo parte da constatação de que a desigualdade no Brasil tem como cerne a questão racial. E exatamente por seu conteúdo racial essa desigualdade é naturalizada pela sociedade. Programas como o Bolsa Família e o Brasil Sem Miséria trouxeram uma significativa redução da pobreza e da miséria, ainda que os níveis de desigualdade e da própria incidência da pobreza e da miséria continuem extremamente altos. A continuidade dessa trajetória, não apenas de erradicação da pobreza e da miséria, mas de construção de uma sociedade de iguais só será garantida se enfrentarmos o cerne dessa desigualdade: o racismo e seus desdobramentos. Há, portanto, a necessidade de que se dê a real importância às políticas de ação afirmativa como complemento indispensável das políticas sociais clássicas e mesmo daquelas direcionadas ao combate à pobreza e à miséria. A sociedade racista molda instituições racistas. O racismo institucional é a forma mais acabada de mecanismo de exclusão e de negação da igualdade. Em um projeto de sociedade democrática e pluralista o Estado deve funcionar como um potencializador das mudanças. E essas mudanças só ocorrerão na medida em que as ações afirmativas forem utilizadas de forma efetiva e associadas ao conjunto das ações governamentais, sem o que continuaremos a reproduzir desigualdades, ainda que em patamares menores de pobreza e miséria.Palavras-chave: Racismo, questão racial, políticas públicas, ações afirmativas---Relaciones raciales, el racismo y las políticas públicas en Brasil contemporáneoEste artículo parte de la constatación de que las desigualdades en Brasil tienen en la cuestión racial su punto neurálgico. Justamente por su contenido racial, las desigualdades han sido naturalizadas por la sociedad. Programas como « Bolsa Familia » y «Brasil Sin Miseria »generaron una reducción significativa de la pobreza y la miseria, a pesar de que los niveles de desigualdad y de la incidencia de la pobreza y la miseria siguen siendo extremadamente altos. La continuación de esta tendencia, no sólo para la erradicación de la pobreza y la miseria, sino para construir una sociedad de iguales sólo se garantizará si nos enfrentamos a la esencia de esta desigualdad: el racismo y sus consecuencias. Por tanto, existe la necesidad de darle una importancia real a las políticas de acción afirmativa como un complemento necesario de las políticas sociales clásicas e incluso de las destinadas a la lucha contra la pobreza y la miseria. Una sociedad racista produce instituciones racistas. El racismo institucional es el mecanismo más eficaz de la exclusión y la negación de la igualdad de condiciones. En un proyecto de sociedad democrática y pluralista, el Estado debe actuar como un potenciador de los cambios. Y estos cambios se producirán en la medida en que la acción afirmativa sea utilizada con eficacia y asociada al conjunto de acciones del gobierno, sin lo cual vamos a seguir reproduciendo las desigualdades, aunque con niveles más bajos de pobreza y miseria.”Palabras-clave: Racismo, problemática racial, políticas públicas, acciones afirmativas---Race relations, racism and public policies in contemporary BrazilThis article stems from the observation that the inequality in Brazil has as its core a racial issue. And it is precisely for its racial content that this inequality is naturalized by society. Programs such as "Bolsa Familia" and "Brasil Sem Miséria" have brought a significant reduction in poverty and misery, even though the levels of inequality and the rate of poverty and misery remain extremely high. The continuation of this trend, not only to eradicate poverty and misery, but to build a society of equals will only be guaranteed if we face the root of this inequality: racism and its consequences. Therefore, there is the need to give real importance to affirmative actions as an indispensable addition to the classical social policies and even those aimed to fight poverty and misery. A racist society creates racist institutions. Institutional racism is the most complete mechanism of exclusion and denial of equality. In a project of democratic and pluralistic society, the state should act as a potentiator of change. And these changes will only occur when affirmative actions are used effectively and when such actions are associated to a set of government actions, without which, we will continue to reproduce inequalities, even at lower levels of poverty and misery.Key words: Racism, racial issues, public policy, affirmative action

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