scholarly journals Effects of Toxoplasma gondii on Sperm Parameters and Histomorphometry of Testis in Experimentally Infected Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monir Taherimoghaddam ◽  
Maryam Bahmanzadeh ◽  
Leili Tapak ◽  
Amir Hossein Maghsood ◽  
Mohammad Fallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Male Reproductive System ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Histomorphometric Analysis ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Background: Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite, can be involved in the infection of the male reproductive system. Objectives: Since more than a third of the human population and an increasing number of couples with idiopathic infertility are affected by toxoplasmosis, there is a necessity to evaluate the effects of T. gondii on the reproductive system. Methods: In this experimental study, detailed description of sperm parameters, hormone levels (testosterone, follicular stimulating factor [FSH], and luteinizing hormone [LH]), and histomorphometric analysis were gathered every 10 days on T. gondii infected Wistar male rats until day 80. Data on testis and body weight were also collected. Results: Sperm parameters (motility, viability, count, and normal sperms) as well as LH level were significantly lower in infected rats. No significant decrease was observed in FSH and testosterone levels. The number of Leydig cells significantly decreased on day 20. Significant reduction of Sertoli cells was also detected on day 60. Bodyweight reduced significantly on days 20 and 60, but the testis weight was elevated. Conclusions: T. gondii infection can lead to diminished fertility parameters, but not sterility in rats. The parasite could temporarily interfere with the male reproductive system.

scholarly journals Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Restored Impaired Spermatogenesis and Fertility in an AML-Chemotherapy Mice Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (20) ◽  
pp. 11157
Author(s):  
Yulia Michailov ◽  
Ali AbuMadighem ◽  
Eitan Lunenfeld ◽  
Joseph Kapelushnik ◽  
Mahmoud Huleihel
Keyword(s):  
Male Fertility ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
First Time ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Leukemia and treatment of male patients with anticancer therapy (aggressive chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy) may lead to infertility or even permanent male sterility. Their mechanisms of spermatogenesis impairment and the decrease in male fertility are not yet clear. We showed that under acute myeloid leukemia (AML) conditions, alone and in combination with cytarabine (CYT), there was significant damage in the histology of seminiferous tubules, a significant increase in apoptotic cells of the seminiferous tubules, and a reduction in spermatogonial cells (SALL and PLZF) and in meiotic (CREM) and post-meiotic (ACROSIN) cells. In addition, we showed a significant impairment in sperm parameters and fertilization rates and offspring compared to control. Our results showed a significant decrease in the expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (MCSF) and stem cell factor (SCF) under AML conditions, but not under cytarabine treatment compared to control. In addition, our results showed a significant increase in the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) alpha in whole testis homogenates in all treatment groups compared to the control. Increase in IL-1 beta level was shown under AML conditions. We identified for the first time the expression of GCSF receptor (GCSFR) in sperm cells. We showed that GCSF injection in combination with AML and cytarabine (AML + CYT + GCSF) extended the survival of mice for a week (from 6.5 weeks to 7.5 weeks) compared to (AML + CYT). Injection of GCSF to all treated groups (post hoc), showed a significant impact on mice testis weight, improved testis histology, decreased apoptosis and increased expression of pre-meiotic, meiotic and post- meiotic markers, improved sperm parameters, fertility capacity and number of offspring compared to the controls (without GCSF). GCSF significantly improved the spermatogonial niche expressed by increased the expression levels of testicular GDNF, SCF and MCSF growth factors in AML-treated mice and (AML + CYT)-treated mice compared to those groups without GCSF. Furthermore, GCSF decreased the expression levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-12, but increased the expression of IL-10 in the interstitial compartment compared to the relevant groups without GCSF. Our results show for the first time the capacity of post injection of GCSF into AML- and CYT-treated mice to improve the cellular and biomolecular mechanisms that lead to improve/restore spermatogenesis and male fertility. Thus, post injection of GCSF may assist in the development of future therapeutic strategies to preserve/restore male fertility in cancer patients, specifically in AML patients under chemotherapy treatments.

scholarly journals Pyrethroids Toxicity to Male Reproductive System and Offspring as a Function of Oxidative Stress Induction: Rodent Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Tongtong Zhang ◽  
Xiaohan Ren ◽  
Xinglin Chen ◽  
ShangQian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Male Reproductive System ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Testis Weight

Pyrethroids may be related to male reproductive system damage. However, the results of many previous studies are contradictory and uncertain. Therefore, a systematic review and a meta-analysis were performed to assess the relationship between pyrethroid exposure and male reproductive system damage. A total of 72 articles were identified, among which 57 were selected for meta-analysis, and 15 were selected for qualitative analysis. Pyrethroid exposure affected sperm count (SMD= -2.0424; 95% CI, -2.4699 to -1.6149), sperm motility (SMD=-3.606; 95% CI, -4.5172 to -2.6948), sperm morphology (SMD=2.686; 95% CI, 1.9744 to 3.3976), testis weight (SMD=-1.1591; 95% CI, -1.6145 to -0.7038), epididymal weight (SMD=-1.1576; 95% CI, -1.7455 to -0.5697), and serum testosterone level (SMD=-1.9194; 95% CI, -2.4589 to -1.3798) in the studies of rats. We found that gestational and lactational exposure to pyrethroids can reduce sperm count (SMD=1.8469; 95% CI, -2.9010 to -0.7927), sperm motility (SMD=-2.7151; 95% CI, -3.9574 to -1.4728), testis weight (SMD=-1.4361; 95% CI, -1.8873 to -0.9848), and epididymal weight (SMD=-0.6639; 95% CI, -0.9544 to -0.3733) of F1 offspring. Exposure to pyrethroids can increase malondialdehyde (SMD=3.3451; 95% CI 1.9914 to 4.6988) oxide in testes and can reduce the activities of glutathione (SMD=-2.075; 95% CI -3.0651 to -1.0848), superoxide dismutase (SMD=-2.4856; 95% CI -3.9612 to -1.0100), and catalase (SMD=-2.7564; 95% CI -3.9788 to -1.5340). Pyrethroid exposure and oxidative stress could damage male sperm quality. Gestational and lactational pyrethroid exposure affects the reproductive system of F1 offspring.

227 AN ALTERATION IN GENE EXPRESSION PATTERNS INDUCED BY DI-(2 ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE AND FLUTAMIDE IN THE TESTIS OF IMMATURE MALE RATS

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
K.-C. Choi ◽  
T. T. B. Vo ◽  
E.-M. Jung ◽  
V. H. Dang ◽  
E.-B. Jeung
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Male Reproductive System ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Calcium Signal ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Immature Male ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

In a previous study, we demonstrated that although endocrine disruptors (EDs) with androgenic and anti-androgenic effects may alter reproductive function, their effects on the developing male reproductive organs may be distinct. To continue this line of study, we treated immature rats to examine the adverse effects of di-(2 ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and flutamide (Flu) on the male reproductive system. Immature male SD rats were treated daily with DEHP and/or Flu at postnatal day (PND) 21 to 35 in a dose-dependent manner, and the changes evoked by these EDs were determined by differences in male reproductive tract and other organ weights, testicular histology, and serum LH and testosterone levels in combination with global microarray analysis. Interestingly, the testes, prostate, seminal vesicle weight, and anogenital distances were significantly decreased in response to the highest dose of DEHP and Flu. There were no differences in serum LH and testosterone concentration at PND 35 for immature male rats exposed to DEHP and/or Flu. However, treatment with DEHP and/or Flu caused histopathological changes in testes in which the degeneration and denseness of germ cells and/or dilatation of the tubular lumen were observed in response to the high dose [500 mg kg–1 of body weight (BW)] of DEHP and medium dose (10 mg kg–1 of BW) of Flu. Additionally, the results from cDNA microarray indicated that 1272 genes were up-regulated (more than 2-fold) and 1969 genes were down-regulated in response to DEPH and/or Flu. These genes were identified based on their roles in some physiological processes (i.e. lipid and cholesterol homeostasis, steroidogenesis, sex determination, and calcium signal transduction). The significant decreases were observed in the expressions of steroidogenic genes (i.e. Star, Cyp11a1, or Hsd3b). In addition, a common set of targeting genes, including CaBP1, Vav2, Plcd1, Lhx1, and Isoc1, were altered following EDs exposure, suggesting a potential set of biomarker genes for screening anti-androgenic and/or androgenicity of EDs. Taken together, we demonstrated that exposure to DEHP and/or Flu resulted in a temporal alteration in gene expression profile in the testes of immature male rats, and their toxicological effects on male reproductive system are distinct depending on their anti-androgenicity, suggesting new insight into molecular mechanism(s) underlying detrimental impacts of EDs with anti-androgenic activities in human and wildlife.

Leydig cell resistance to the cytotoxic effect of ethylene dimethanesulphonate in the adult rat testis

1985 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
I. D. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Leydig Cell ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cell Physiology ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Endocrine Activity ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Seminal Vesicle Weight

ABSTRACT Weekly doses of the Leydig cell cytotoxic ethylene dimethanesulphonate (EDS) were administered to adult male rats in an attempt to study the endocrine activity of the testis in the absence of Leydig cells. One week after the first dose serum testosterone and LH concentrations and seminal vesicle weights were close to levels in castrated rats and testicular human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) binding was severely depressed. These changes were maintained for a further week but subsequently began to return to, but did not achieve, control levels. After six weekly doses seminal vesicle weight and serum testosterone concentrations were significantly higher than in the castrated rats. Serum LH concentrations were declining towards control values at 4 weeks but had risen again at 6 weeks. Serum FSH concentrations were raised to about 50% of the value in castrated rats throughout the period studied. Testis weight and hCG binding, which initially fell, were partially restored at 6 weeks and spermatogenesis was recovering. The data show that responses of the testis to multiple doses of EDS are similar to those after a single dose. This apparent resistance indicates that the regenerating Leydig cells are functionally different from the mature Leydig cell. The similarities between the maturing Leydig cell seen after EDS destruction and those in the immature rat suggest that EDS will provide a valuable model for the investigation of Leydig cell physiology. J. Endocr. (1985) 105, 311–316

Protective role of caffeic acid on lambda cyhalothrin-induced changes in sperm characteristics and testicular oxidative damage in rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 639-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Ben Abdallah ◽  
Hamadi Fetoui ◽  
Nassira Zribi ◽  
Feiza Fakhfakh ◽  
Leila Keskes
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Male Fertility ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Male Reproductive System ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin

The synthetic pyrethroids are expected to cause deleterious effects on most of the organs and especially on the male reproductive system. The current study was performed to assess the adverse effect of lambda cyhalothrin (LC) on reproductive organs and fertility in male rats and to evaluate the protective role of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) in alleviating the detrimental effect of LC on male fertility. A total of 48 male rats were divided into 4 groups (12 rats each): control group received distilled water ad libitum and 1 ml of vehicle solution given intraperitoneally (i.p.); CAPE-treated group received a single i.p. dose of CAPE (10 μmol kg−1 day−1); LC-treated group received 668 ppm of LC through drinking water; and CAPE + LC-treated group received an i.p. injection of CAPE (10 μmol kg−1 day−1) 12 h before the LC administration. The experiment was conducted for 10 consecutive weeks. LC caused a significant increase in testicular malondialdehyde, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione- S-transferase activities, and sperm abnormalities and a significant reduction in testicular glutathione concentration, sperm count, sperm motility, and a live sperm percentage. Conversely, treatment with CAPE improved the reduction in the sperm characteristics, LC-induced oxidative damage of testes and the testicular histopathological alterations. Results indicate that LC exerts significant harmful effects on the male reproductive system and that CAPE reduced the deleterious effects of LC on male fertility.

scholarly journals Effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaf Tea on Sexual Behavior and Reproductive Function in Male Rats

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2019
Author(s):  
Jiraporn Laoung-on ◽  
Kanokporn Saenphet ◽  
Churdsak Jaikang ◽  
Paiwan Sudwan
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Courtship Behavior ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Male Reproductive System ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

Moringa oleifera Lam. (M. oleifera) has been called the “miracle tree” due to its attributes for therapy in various diseases. However, M. oleifera studies on the male reproductive system have been limited. The aim of this study was a phytochemical screening and investigation of the effects of M. oleifera leaf tea on sexual behavior, reproductive function and antioxidant activities. Male rats were fed with M. oleifera leaf tea extract at doses of 0.55, 1.10 and 2.20 mg/kg or distilled water for 30 days. The result showed that M. oleifera leaf tea contained rich total phenols and flavonoids. The courtship behavior, seminiferous tubule diameter, epithelium height, epithelium area, type A spermatogonia, and spermatogonia efficiency were significantly increased in all treatment groups. The groups treated with 1.10 and 2.20 mg/kg increased the number of Sertoli cells. The total of spermatogenic cells increased in the group treated with 0.55 mg/kg. M. oleifera leaf tea scavenged DPPH radical, ABTS radical and H2O2, and inhibited LPO and AGEs formation. Due to M. oleifera leaf tea containing rich total phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidants, it could enhance sexual function and the male reproductive system.

scholarly journals Detrimental effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles on testis, sperm parameters quality, and in vitro fertilization in mice: An experimental study

2021 ◽  
pp. 801-810
Author(s):  
Elnaz Hosseinalipour ◽  
Mojtaba Karimipour ◽  
Abbas Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Male Reproductive System ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Sperm Chromatin ◽  
Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Vitro Fertilization

Background: Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) as an important nanomaterial have a wide range of applications in many fields and human beings’ exposure to this nanomaterial is unavoidable. The effects of CeO2 NPs on the male reproductive system are controversial. Objective: To determine the effects of the administration of CeO2 NPs on the testis tissue, sperm parameters, and in vitro fertilization (IVF) in mice. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four male mice were divided into three groups (n = 8/each): one control and two experimental groups receiving CeO2 NPs at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight, respectively, for 35 days. At the end of the experiment, the diameter of seminiferous tubules (SNTs), epithelial height of SNTs, spermiogenesis index in testes, sperm parameters (count, motility, viability, and morphology), sperm chromatin condensation, DNA integrity, and IVF assays were analyzed. Results: Histological results showed that the tubular diameter, the epithelial height of the SNTs, and the spermiogenesis index were significantly decreased in the experimental groups receiving CeO2 NPs. All sperm parameters in the experimental groups were significantly reduced and, additionally, the percentages of immature sperms and sperms with DNA damage were significantly increased in groups treated with CeO2 NPs compared to the control. Furthermore, the rates of IVF and in vitro embryo development were decreased. Conclusion: Collectively, the current study showed that oral administration of CeO2 NPs in mice had detrimental effects on the male reproductive system through inducing testicular tissue alterations, decreasing sperm parameters quality, and also diminishing the IVF rate and in vitro embryonic development. Key words: Cerium oxide, Testis, Sperm, Fertilization, Mice.

scholarly journals Effects of Sub Lethal Concentrations of Sodium Fluoride on Sperm Activity and on the level of Sex Hormones of Adult Male Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Hadeel B. Al-Sabaawy ◽  
Bushra I. Al-Kaisie
Keyword(s):  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Male Reproductive System ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sperm Velocity ◽  
Sexual Hormones ◽  
Sperm Motion

In recent years, fluorosis caused many problems in humans and animals bodies. Dental fluorosis, skeletal fluorosis, bone fractures, decreased birth rates, adverse effects on the male genital system, like damaging the structure of testes and epididymis and loosing fertilization ability can be considered as good examples of fluorosis. Thus, the current study aimed to determine the toxicity of sodium fluoride (NaF) on the activity of sperm and the level of sex hormones including testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone. For achieving this purpose, thirty adult albino male rats, aged between 90-100 days, were divided randomly into two treated groups with 10 rats for each group which were treated with 150, 300 ppm of sodium fluoride,respectively. In addition, 10 rats were kept as a control group. Sodium fluoride was offered to the treated groups in the drinking water to evaluate the toxic effect of NaF on male reproductive system, sperm concentration, sperm motion, and sperm velocity compared with control group. The findings revealed a significant decrease in the sperm concentration, sperm count, sperm motion, sperm velocity and the level of sexual hormones in comparison with the control group. It can be concluded that NaF may reduce the efficiency of male reproductive system, and reduce the levels of sexual hormones in rats

scholarly journals Assessment of the Protective Impact of Vitamin E on Sex Hormones and Sperm Parameters of Formaldehyde-treated Male Rats: A Preliminary Investigation

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-337
Author(s):  
Hassan Moladoust ◽  
Ebrahim Nasiri ◽  
Rouhollah Gazor ◽  
Tolue Mahdavi ◽  
Reza Ghorbani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Sperm Parameters ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
The Impact

Background: Lifestyle factors, including environmental and occupational exposure, have a key role in reproductive health status and may impact fertility. Formaldehyde (FA) is a suspected reproductive toxicant, which may cause significant adverse effects on the reproductive system. This study was aimed at detecting the impact of FA and the possible protective role of vitamin E on the male reproductive system in rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control rats, rats treated with vehicle (corn-oil), rats treated with 10 mg/kg/day FA (FAt), and rats treated with FA plus 30 mg/kg/day vitamin E plus vehicle (FAt+ vitamin E) for two weeks. After treatment, sex hor­mone levels were examined using ELISA. Moreover the count, morphology, and motility of sperm, were observed. Results: The sperm count and the percentage of rapid progressive sperm were significantly decreased in rats in the FAt-treated group compared with those in the control and vehicle-treated groups (p<0.05). Vitamin E treatment significantly improved the parame­ters examined in the FAt+ vitamin E group (29.85±8.62 vs. 10.04±4.79 for sperm count and 60.50±5.67 vs. 42.19±8.02 for sperm motility). Moreover, serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels mildly decreased in the FA exposure group, although the difference was not statis­tically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed that FA exposure had a negative impact on sperm parameters and some reproductive hormones in rats and vita­min E attenuated the deleterious impact of FA on the reproductive system of adult male rats. [GMJ.2017;6(4):330-7] DOI: 10.22086/gmj.v6i4.904

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