scholarly journals The Performative Practices in Politics

Symposion ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-97
Author(s):  
Dmytro Shevchuk ◽  
Maksym Karpovets ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Performance Theory ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Democratic Ideals

Performance theory is one of the methods that can explain dynamic and unpredictable social phenomena. The basics of our research are to be found in the artistic practices that destroyed previous classical patterns in art, while overcoming its boundaries. Accordingly, performance as a practical phenomenon has become the basis for a theoretical explanation of different political processes with carnival nature that influence and change social reality. This article proves that the Maidan in Kiev had a performative nature as well, which developped spontaneously due to its active involvement of the human body and the release of unconscious elements. It is claimed that the use of performative practices inside the Maidan allowed to overcome the totalitarian vertical logic of power, realizing democratic ideals and overcoming nihilism. Therefore, we suggest that performative theory can be applied to similar carnival political, social, and cultural phenomena, revealing their procedural and creative substance.

scholarly journals Dyskursy psychoterapii a rozumienie rzeczywistości społecznej

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-221
Author(s):  
Barbara Józefik
Keyword(s):  
Social Reality ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Discourse ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
The One

Complex and changing social conditions engender the need to find a language to describe the phenomena and to elucidate their mechanisms. One possibility is the language of psychotherapy, which in itself is complex because it combines the various currents which have emerged in psychotherapy’s more than one hundred years of history. The author’s aim is to analyze the relations between culture, social reality (including Poland’s), and psychotherapy. On the one hand, she attempts to view psychotherapy as a cultural discourse, and on the other, to understand culture and social phenomena from the perspective of a psychotherapy office.

Machina ex homine, homo ex machina

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio I. M. Poppi
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Japanese Society ◽  
Japanese Culture ◽  
Conceptual Representation ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Deviance ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The Social

Abstract In this article, I identify and describe multimodal hybrid metaphors—the conceptual representation of two elements represented as merged into a new single ‘gestalt’—represented by the machine and human body domains in “Tetsuo: The Iron Man” (鉄男: Tetsuo), a Japanese avant-garde film. Since “Tetsuo: The Iron Man” portrays the genesis of a man whose body becomes a human-machine hybrid, I explore to what extent this film can act as an example of how hybrid metaphors are conveyed. In line with the ideological function of metaphors, where the use of alternative metaphors may produce different meanings and potentially have different effects on the recipient, I also try to interpret how these hybrid metaphors reveal information about the contemporary Japanese society. Specifically, the ideological analysis considers how the notion of ‘artificial’ and the social phenomena of misogyny, homophobia and social deviance are held to characterise the post-World War II Japanese culture.

scholarly journals THE POSITIVISTIC PARADIGM RELEVANT IN RESEARCH RURAL SOCIOLOGY

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Irwan Irwan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Social Constructivism ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Rural Sociology ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
The Social ◽  
Education Status ◽  
Sociological Studies ◽  
Pragmatic Paradigm

The scientific research in sociology has several paradigms namely positivistic, social constructivism, advocacy, participatory and pragmatic paradigm (Creswell, 2010). Positivistic paradigm considers the social reality that occurs as empirical, observed clearly and can be proven scientifically. In order to study the phenomenon in society that the positivistic paradigm has great contribution. Therefore, a question arises whether the positivistic paradigm has a major influence on the study of society? is it relevant that the positivistic paradigm used in rural sociology research? The positivistic paradigm of social phenomena is understood from an outside perspective based on the understanding of established theories. The Social reality is a phenomenon whose existence is determined by other social phenomena (interrelated variables) and its existence can be described into symbols that have been established in society. The problems in society in particular can not only be explained in constructivist paradigm but there is social phenomenon which surely needs to be explained in other paradigm such as positivistic paradigm. The positivistic paradigm is in the position of answering the problem of seeing the level and influence of social reality. Therefore, the positivistic paradigm is highly relevant to the study of rural sociology, where the phenomena occurring is unlimited and to simplify social phenomena, therefore statistics analysis is needed as a basis for concluding the data obtained from the field. In rural sociological studies, various social phenomena are associated with stratification, education, status, religion and so on. To answer the problems that occur in rural communities need a positivistic paradigm.

scholarly journals Comparison and Contrast between Bourdieu’s Theory of Practice and Shamsul’s Two Social Reality Approach in the Portrayal of Identity

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 293-304
Author(s):  
Sharon Regina Vega ◽  
Sivamurugan Pandian ◽  
Nur Hafeeza Ahmad Pazil
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Direct Link ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Theory Of Practice ◽  
Analytical Tools

This paper analyses Bourdieu’s Theory of Practice, the concept field and habitus and Shamsul Amri’s Two Social Reality, the concept everyday- defined and authority-defined as both theories that function as analytical tools and have similar narratives based on the macro/micro and structure/agency linkage. A comparison and contrast of both theories were analysed to further understand the use of each theory. Findings within the article show both theories have a structural or authoritative emphasis however the theories differ in functionality with Bourdieu’s “Theory of Practice” focusing on power dynamics and social class through direct link between the habitus, field and capital whereas Shamsul’s Two Social Reality focuses on the formation of identity and ethnic dynamics in Malaysia based on the effect of colonialism in the authority-defined and everyday-defined sphere. The main goal of this paper serves to highlight both theories and its application when analysing and tackling different social phenomena and narratives in future research.

scholarly journals Editorial

Collectivus ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Adriano Díez Jiménez ◽  
Adriana Consuegra Ascanio
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Southern Cone ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Panoramic Vision ◽  
The Social ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Different Parts

Este nuevo número de la revista Collectivus, presenta una gran diversidad en los temas abordados en cada uno de los artículos trabajados por autores desde distintas partes del Cono Sur, de modo que, el volumen 4, número 2 ofrece una visión panorámica en la comprensión de los contextos y fenómenos sociales que confluyen en el escenario sudamericano, acompañada de un ejercicio reflexivo profundo y pertinente acerca de la realidad social en América Latina. AbstractThis new issue of the magazine Collectivus, presents a great diversity in the topics addressed in each of the articles worked by authors from different parts of the Southern Cone, so that, volume 4, number 2 offers a panoramic vision in the understanding of the contexts and social phenomena that converge in the South American scenario, accompanied by a deep and pertinent reflective exercise about the social reality in Latin America. 

REPRESENTATION OF EVENTS IN THE AMERICAN NEWS MEDIA DISCOURSE

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Е.Н. Малюга ◽  
Е.И. Мадинян
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Human Body ◽  
News Media ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Semantic Approach ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Political Media

Постановка задачи. В работе на материале статей из американского новостного медиадискурса исследуются лексико-семантические аспекты метафор, метафорических моделей и тематических групп, относящихся к антропоморфной метафоре, поскольку метафорический перенос, основанный на свойствах человека и его деятельности, является одним из самых распространенных инструментов манипуляции сознанием. Результаты. В статье анализируются основные характеристики медиадискурса как средства обмена информацией. Также рассмотрены метафоры с точки зрения лексико-семантического подхода. Обоснована целесообразность анализа антропоморфной метафоры в рамках политического медиадискурса, так как политические процессы представлены с учетом симплификации и отождествления с человеческим организмом. Выявлено шесть наиболее распространенных тематических групп, составляющих антропоморфную метафору: соматическая, социальная, бытовая, религиозная, сексуальная и эмоциональная. В свою очередь, они подразделяются на такие подгруппы как части тела и органы человека, криминал, социальная иерархия, строительство, земледелие, кулинария, клиннинг, рай и ад. Выводы. Использование антропоморфной метафоры в политическом медиадискурсе обусловлено необходимостью воздействия на реципиента путем метафорического переноса близких ему, наивных явлений из повседневной жизни на политические процессы внутри и за пределами страны. Наибольшее количество примеров насчитывают соматическая, социальная и бытовая тематические группы, что указывает на тенденцию представления новостных событий путем их имплицитного сравнения с устройством и функционированием человеческого организма, рутиной и межличностными отношениями. Statement of the problem. The paper uses the material of articles from the American news media discourse to explore the lexical and semantic aspects of metaphors, metaphorical models and thematic groups related to anthropomorphic metaphor, since this figure of speech based on the properties of people and their activities is one of the most common tools for manipulating consciousness. Results. The article analyzes the main characteristics of media discourse as a means of information exchange. Metaphors are also examined from the point of view of the lexico-semantic approach. The expediency of the analysis of the anthropomorphic metaphor within the framework of the political media discourse is justified, since political processes are presented taking into account the simplification and identification with the human body. The six most common thematic groups that constitute the anthropomorphic metaphor are the following: somatic, social, household, religious, sexual, and emotional. Then, they are divided into such subgroups as human body parts and organs, crime, social hierarchy, construction, agriculture, cooking, clinning, heaven and hell. Conclusion. The use of anthropomorphic metaphors in political media discourse is conditioned by the necessity to influence a recipient through implicit comparison of some naive phenomena from everyday life with political processes inside and outside the country. The largest number of examples are found in the somatic, social, and household thematic groups, that indicates a tendency to present news by implicitly equating them to the structure and functions of human body, routine, and interpersonal relationships.

A Sociology of the Unmarked: Redirecting Our Focus

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne Brekhus
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
American Sociology ◽  
Vantage Points ◽  
General Culture

This article suggests that American sociology has developed a de facto tradition in the sociology of the marked that devotes greater epistemological attention to “politically salient” and “ontologically uncommon” features of social life. Although the “unmarked” comprises the vast majority of social life, the “marked” commands a disproportionate share of attention from sociologists. Since the marked already draws more attention within the general culture, social scientists contribute to re-marking and the reproduction of common-sense images of social reality. This has important analytic consequences. This article argues for developing a stronger tradition in a sociology of the unmarked that explicitly foregrounds “politically unnoticed” and taken-for-granted elements of social reality. Three strategies are proposed toward this end: (1) reversing conventional patterns of markedness to foreground what typically remains unnamed and implicit, (2) marking everything by filling in all the shades of social continua so that each shares the same degree of epistemological ornamentation, and (3) developing an analytically nomadic perspective that observes social phenomena from multiple vantage points.

scholarly journals On Becoming an Official in Sakya’s Aphorisms and Bacon’s Essays

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. p12
Author(s):  
Shen Qunying
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Traditional Culture ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Political Views ◽  
The Law ◽  
Correct Path ◽  
The Right

Sakya’s Aphorisms and Bacon’s Essays make a profound observation of social reality, comment on various social phenomena, and convey their rational meditation and political views on social and political life. Here is a comparative study of the two classic literary works with a distance of more than 300 years so as to inherit and carry forward the excellent traditional culture at home and abroad, nourish and enlighten today’s officials to take the right way, follow the law and the correct path of cadre growth, and reserve the corresponding competences.

scholarly journals PEMIKIRAN IBNU KHALDUN TERHADAP FILSAFAT HUKUM ISLAM

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abrar
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Ibn Khaldun ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Similarity Law

Abstract: the greatest contribution of Ibn Khaldun to the Philosophy of Islamic Law is his sociology theory. This theory was based on three fundamental laws: first, his stand on the law of cause and effect in social reality, second, the similarity law of social phenomena that are applied in general but not absolute, third, the law of the difference and speciality of social phenomena that are constantly changing and varied in different space and time. These three basic laws became the basic epistemological assumptions in highlighting legal differences due to the difference in space and time. On the other hand, Ibn Khaldun's theory became the basis of the legal application of social engineering, later popularized as social engineering by Roscoe Pound. Abstrak: Konstribusi terbesar Ibn Khaldūn terhadap Filsafat Hukum Islam adalah teorinya tentang sosiologi yang dilandaskan pada tiga hukum dasar. Pertama, pendirian Ibn Khaldūn tentang adanya hukum sebab akibat dalam realitas sosial. Kedua, hukum keserupaan fenomena sosial yang berlaku umum akan tetapi tidak mutlak. Ketiga, hukum perbedaan dan kekhususan fenomena sosial yang terus berubah dan berbeda oleh perbedaan ruang dan waktu. Ketiga hukum dasar di atas menjadi asumsi dasar epistemologis dalam menyorot perbedaan hukum akibat perbedaan ruang dan waktu. Di sisi lain, teori Ibn Khaldūn menjadi dasar keberlakuan hukum sebagai alat rekayasa sosial, yang kemudian dipopulerkan dengan social engineering oleh Roscoe Pound. Kata kunci: Filsafat Hukum Islam, Social Engineering

scholarly journals Georgian-Austrian Unknown Preludes of the Treaty of Georgievsk

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamuka Natsvaladze
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Holy Roman Empire ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Political Background ◽  
Joseph Ii ◽  
Qualitative Dimension

Studying the external policy of the king Erekle II is a topical issue for the modern historiography. The information maintained in the archives of various European cities, namely of Vienna, Vatican and Venice, convey to us the fact that while exercising pragmatic attitude toward relations with the European countries the King of Kartli and Kakheti considered the interests of both his own country and of those European countries as well. Over the years 1781-82 Erekle II sends his ambassadors to Europe twice: first he sends a Capuchin monk Domenique who dies in Constantinople in uncertain circumstances not having reached the destination; after him Erekle II sends another Capuchin Mauro the Veronese who also dies for unknown reasons while still on his way. It is a very important fact that the letters sent by the King Erekle, unlike the ambassadors, reach their destination which is the Emperor’s Court in Austria.The present article shows the international political background that the king Erekle II had at that time and that he attempted to use for the interests of his country.The plan of dividing Europe anew, officially developed by the relevant imperial authorities of Saint Petersburg and Vienna, aimed at neutralizing the Ottoman Empire and dividing its territories. According to the Greek Project, it was supposed to resurrect the Byzantine Empire that would be formally independent from Russia but factually acting as a marionette with the Romanov dynasty ruling in it and build Dacia Kingdom as a buffer between the Ottoman and the Austrian Empires.This project was topical for Erekle II who was trying to get involved in the international political processes to the maximum level as the king of a sovereign and independent country, as in the result of implementation of the Greek Project Georgia would obtain an environment of Christian countries instead of the previous encirclement by Muslim countries. Thus, Georgia would find herself in an absolutely different qualitative dimension that had been a sacred dream of the Georgian Kings at all times. This was why the Greek Plan held such a great importance for Erekle II. This international project was made secret by the empress Catherine the Great and Joseph II, therefore, the official pragmatic reason that Erekle II referred to when sending ambassadors to Austria which was obtaining financial support for two regiments was merely a mask behind which in reality the ambassadorial mission served the purpose of active involvement and participation in the implementation of the Greek Project. The Austrian Emperor’s Court, on its part, was going to use this intension of the Georgian king for its own pragmatic goals which implied strengthening of the Holy Roman Empire that had been actually made fictitious by that time. The widely acknowledged and reputed international level diplomats of the Austrian Empire Kaunitz and Kobenzl were involved in the process.

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