scholarly journals Change in Physical Attraction in Early Romantic Relationships

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-267
Author(s):  
Victor Karandashev ◽  
Brittany Fata
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Romantic Partner ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cognitive Dimension ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Physical Attraction ◽  
Emotional Dimensions ◽  
The Relationship

The goal of our research was to study the changes in physical attraction during the early stages of romantic relationships. The longitudinal study explored the personality characteristics of a partner and relationship events affecting physical attraction of early (within the first year) romantic relationships. Participants completed an eight-week longitudinal rating of their attraction toward their romantic partner. Factor analysis revealed behavioral, cognitive, emotional, and physiological dimensions. The behavioral and emotional dimensions play the largest role in attraction among both genders, with cognitive dimension also affecting attraction in women. Personality characteristics of one’s partner are significant predictors of physical attraction for both men and women. However, events occurring in the relationship seem to be only reliable predictors for a women’s attraction.

Heterosexual Romantic Relationships, Interpersonal Needs, and Quality of Life in Prison

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo J. Carcedo ◽  
Daniel Perlman ◽  
Félix López ◽  
M. Begoña Orgaz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Sexual Satisfaction ◽  
Romantic Partner ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Female Inmates ◽  
Partner Status ◽  
Interpersonal Needs ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating effect of having vs. not having a heterosexual romantic partner inside the prison on the relationship between interpersonal needs and quality of life. In-person interviews were conducted with 55 male and 64 female inmates from the Topas Penitentiary (Spain). Higher levels of social loneliness and lower levels of sexual satisfaction were associated with lower levels of quality of life. In addition, the interaction between sexual satisfaction and romantic partner status was significant. Higher levels of sexual satisfaction were associated with higher levels of quality of life only for the group without a partner. These findings support a “bad is stronger than good” principle and indicate the detrimental aspects that can be associated with not having a satisfactory sexual life while incarcerated.

scholarly journals From Best Friends to Silent Ends: Exploring the Concepts of Ghosting in Non-Romantic Relationships

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 943-950
Author(s):  
Megan Ann Yap ◽  
Angelo Miguel Francisco ◽  
Christian Gopez
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Video Communication ◽  
Romantic Partner ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Best Friends ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

Ghosting is a popular term in mass media that has continued to baffle many with its ambiguity as a dissolution strategy. Multiple studies in the past have explored ghosting within romantic relationships, examining how this dissolution strategy has impacted the two parties involved: the initiator (ghoster) and the non-initiator (ghostee). However, it has been stated that ghosting can exist outside of romantic relationships as it may also occur within friendships or even if the relationship is questionably nonexistent. The objectives of the paper seek to understand how ghosting happens within these non-romantic relationships, its effects on the initiators and non-initiators, and its possible differences when compared to romantic relationships. Semi-structured interviews were conducted through video communication platforms on thirty respondents ages 18-25 who have experienced ghosting or been ghosted by a friend. Through the use of descriptive phenomenological qualitative study, the results revealed that 1) ghosting in non-romantic relationships occurs on technology-mediated channels, 2) the initiators experienced post-dissolution feelings of regret, 3) the non-initiators experienced feelings of uncertainty, 4) ghosting a friend is more socially acceptable than ghosting a romantic partner, and, 5) ghosting is more frequent in non-romantic relationships due to the lower levels of commitment and expectations. Other recurring themes, such as the common reasons behind ghosting for the initiators and ghosting as a justifiable means of dissolving the relationship, were also found.  

How Valid is the Social Desirability Scale of Bem's Sex Role Inventory

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 553-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma. Asuncion Lara-Cantu ◽  
Monica Suzan-Reed
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Social Desirability ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
First Year ◽  
Social Desirability Scale ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Masculinity And Femininity ◽  
The Social

Extensive research has been carried out on Bern's Masculinity and Femininity scales, but little has been reported on the validity of the Social Desirability scale, so correlations were obtained for the Marlowe and Crowne Social Desirability Scale and Bern's scales, as well as a factor analysis of Bern's inventory, and mean sex differences for Bern's Social Desirability items. 478 first-year undergraduate students, aged 18 to 22 yr., 214 men and 264 women, were subjects. Correlations of Marlowe-Crowne scores were .42 with Bern's Social Desirability, .20 with Masculinity, and .13 with Femininity. Factor analysis of responses to Bern's inventory gave four factors: the social desirability items had high loadings, and no single social desirability factor was found that included the items of this scale in a representative number. Finally, nine of Bern's social desirability items were differentially endorsed by men and women. These results suggest that Bern's Social Desirability scale measures socially desirable characteristics, although the items do not form a cohesive scale and are not independent of sex.

The association between abuse and the perpetration of subtle sexual coercion: The role of approach and avoidance motivations

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 1509-1526
Author(s):  
Ellie R. Mullins ◽  
Gery C. Karantzas
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Psychological Abuse ◽  
Romantic Partner ◽  
Heterosexual Couples ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Approach And Avoidance ◽  
Men And Women

Little research has investigated the associations between abuse and subtle sexual coercion within romantic relationships and the mechanisms that may underpin this association. Specifically, no previous research has investigated whether approach and avoidance motivations for engaging in sexual coercion explain this association. The aim of this research was to investigate whether approach and avoidance motivations pertaining to the perpetration of subtle sexual coercion may mediate the perpetration of psychological and physical abuse and the perpetration of sexual coercion. A total of 117 heterosexual couples (mean age = 30.42 years) completed measures assessing their approach and avoidance motivations for sexual coercion, as well as reports of abuse perpetration (physical and psychological) and sexual coercion against their romantic partner. Findings revealed that men and women’s perpetration of psychological abuse (but not physical abuse) was positively associated with their own avoidance motivations for sexual coercion perpetration and that women’s perpetration of psychological abuse was positively associated with their partner’s approach and avoidance motivations for sexual coercion perpetration. Avoidance motives were also found to mediate the association between psychological abuse and sexual coercion perpetration for both men and women. The results of this study highlight the importance of exploring motives as a potential mechanism to help explain the associations between abuse and sexual coercion within romantic relationships.

Responses to dissatisfaction in friendships and romantic relationships: An interpersonal script analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1651-1670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl Harasymchuk ◽  
Beverley Fehr
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Close Friend ◽  
Romantic Partner ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Relationship Context ◽  
Script Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

According to interpersonal script models, people’s responses to relational events are shaped by the reaction they expect from a close other. We analyzed responses to dissatisfaction in close relationships from an interpersonal script perspective. Participants reported on how a close friend or romantic partner would react to their expressions of dissatisfaction (using the exit-voice-loyalty-neglect typology). They were also asked to forecast whether the issue would be resolved (i.e., anticipated outcomes). Our main hypothesis was that people’s expectations for how a close other would respond to dissatisfaction would be dependent on their own self response. Further, we predicted that passive responses would be more common and viewed as less deleterious to a friendship than a romantic relationship. Results indicated that the responses that were expected from close others were contingent on how self responded. Moreover, as predicted, these contingencies followed different tracks depending on the type of relationship. Friends were more likely to expect passive responses to self’s expression of dissatisfaction, especially if self responded with neglect, whereas romantic partners expected more active responses. Furthermore, people anticipated that the issue would be more likely to be resolved if their friend (vs. romantic partner) responded passively and less actively (especially for destructive responses). It was concluded that people hold complex, nuanced interpersonal scripts for dissatisfaction and that these scripts vary, depending on the relationship context.

scholarly journals The relationship sabotage scale: an evaluation of factor analyses and constructive validity

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Peel ◽  
Nerina Caltabiano
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Relationship Maintenance ◽  
Relationship Skills ◽  
Relationship Therapy ◽  
Relational Outcomes ◽  
The One ◽  
As Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Some individuals are no longer entering romantic relationships, others move through relationships too quickly searching for “the one” and making quick assessments of their romantic partners, while others stay in their relationships but “check out” or do not work on their issues. These are conclusions from two studies: (1) an interview with psychologists who specialise in relationship therapy, and (2) an analysis of individuals’ lived experiences of relationships. The concept of relationship sabotage can explain these phenomena. However, presently, there is no instrument to conceptualise and empirically measure how people continue to employ self-defeating attitudes and behaviors in (and out) of relationships to impede success, or withdraw effort, and justify failure. Methods and Results A series of three studies (involving a total of 1365 English speaking individuals of diverse gender orientation, sexual orientation, and cultural background, with relationship sabotage experience) were conceptualized for the current project to fill the need for scale development and to build empirical evidence on the topic of self-sabotage in romantic relationships. The scale was developed over two studies using exploratory factor analysis and one-congeneric model analyses. The third study, using confirmatory factor analysis, confirmed the final structure for the Relationship Sabotage Scale (RSS), which contains 12 items and three factors: defensiveness, trust difficulty, and lack of relationship skills. Constructive validity analyses were also conducted. Conclusion The RSS is a brief scale that provides conclusive information about individual patterns in relationships. Findings using this scale can offer explanations regarding the reasons that individuals engage in destructive behaviours from one relationship to the next. Investigations should continue to test a model for sabotage in romantic relationships using the developed scale and other factors such as relationship diferences and insecure attachment. More specifically, this measure can be used to understand mediator constructs of relational outcomes within the attachment framework to explain relationship dissolution and work towards relationship maintenance.

scholarly journals INTERCONNECTION OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE, LOCUS OF CONTROL, AND LIFE SATISFACTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 155-170
Author(s):  
В.П. Шейнов
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Emotional Awareness ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Positive Tendency ◽  
The Relationship

Целью данного исследования было выявить возможные связи между эмоциональным интеллектом, интернальностью и удовлетворенностью жизнью у женщин и мужчин в русскоязычной выборке. Показано, что у женщин с интернальностью положительно связаны такие переменные, как управление своими эмоциями , самоменеджмент , распознание эмоций других людей и интегративный показатель эмоционального интеллекта , а у мужчин только с самоменеджментом, при этом интегративный показатель эмоционального интеллекта имеет лишь тенденцию положительной связи с интернальностью. Установлено наличие положительной связи удовлетворенности жизнью мужчин и женщин с интегративным показателем эмоционального интеллекта и рядом его компонентов: эмоциональной осведомленностью , управлением собственными эмоциями , самоменеджментом и распознанием эмоций других людей . Полученные результаты в целом совпадают с общими выводами зарубежных исследователей о положительной связи эмоционального интеллекта с интернальностью и удовлетворенностью жизнью, но при этом в данном исследовании: а) конкретизированы компоненты эмоционального интеллекта, за счет которых такие связи; б) установлены совпадения и различия в этих связях для мужчин и женщин. Интернальность женщин положительно и статистически значимо связана с удовлетворенностью жизнью. У мужчин связь между этими характеристиками личности отсутствует. Сопоставить эти результаты с выводами других исследователей невозможно ввиду того, что не удалось обнаружить работ о связи между интернальностью и удовлетворенностью жизнью ни у русскоязычных, ни у зарубежных авторов. У женщин в среднем выше показатели эмпатии, распознания эмоций других людей и интегративного показателя эмоционального интеллекта. The purpose of this study was to identify possible links between emotional intelligence, internality, and life satisfaction in women and men in the Russian-speaking sample. It has been shown that in women, internality is positively associated with such variables as control of their emotions, self-management, recognition of the emotions of other people and the integrative indicator of emotional intelligence, and in men only with self-management, while the integrative indicator of emotional intelligence has only a positive tendency for internality. The presence of a positive relationship between satisfaction with the life of men and women with an integrative indicator of emotional intelligence and a number of its components: emotional awareness, control of one's own emotions, self-management and recognition of the emotions of other people was established. The results obtained generally coincide with the general conclusions of foreign researchers about a positive relationship between emotional intelligence and internality and life satisfaction, but at the same time in this study: a) the components of emotional intelligence, due to which such connections are made, are specified; b) the coincidences and differences in these connections for men and women were established. The internality of women is positively and statistically significantly associated with life satisfaction. In men, there is no connection between these personality characteristics. It is impossible to compare these results with the conclusions of other researchers due to the fact that it was not possible to find works on the relationship between internality and life satisfaction either in Russian-speaking or foreign authors. Women, on average, have higher scores for empathy, recognition of other people's emotions, and an integrative score for emotional intelligence.

SELECTED PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS AND ATTITUDES TOWARD FEMINISM

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Smith ◽  
Anton F. De Man
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Attitude Similarity ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Perceived Attractiveness

Sixty-five men and fifty-one women took part in a study of attitudes toward feminism. The question of attitude similarity mediated error in perceived attractiveness was addressed, and the relationship between selected personal characteristics and attitudes toward feminism was assessed. Results confirmed that men and women view people with attitudes similar to their own as more attractive. Best predictors of negative attitudes towards feminism among men were conservativism and limited familiarity with feminist issues, whereas among women, trait-anxiety was the best predictor.

scholarly journals How Interdependent are Stay/Leave Decisions? On Staying in the Relationship for the Sake of the Romantic Partner

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha Joel ◽  
Emily Impett ◽  
Stephanie Spielmann ◽  
Geoff MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Romantic Relationship ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Investment Model ◽  
Romantic Partner ◽  
The Self ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Model Components ◽  
The Relationship

The decision to end a romantic relationship can have a life-changing impact on the partner as well as the self. Research on close relationships has thus far focused on self-interested reasons why people choose to stay in their relationship versus leave. However, a growing body of research on decision-making and prosociality shows that when people make decisions that impact others, they take those others’ feelings and perspectives into consideration. In the present research, we tested the prediction that people make stay/leave decisions prosocially, such that consideration for their romantic partner’s feelings can discourage people from ending their relationships. In Study 1, a total of 1,348 participants in romantic relationships were tracked over a ten-week period. Study 2 was a preregistered replication and extension of Study 1, in which 500 participants contemplating a breakup were followed over a two-month period. Both studies showed that the more dependent people believed their partner was on the relationship, the less likely they were to initiate a breakup. These findings held above and beyond a variety of self-focused variables (e.g., investment model components; Rusbult, Martz, & Agnew, 1998). These results suggest that people can be motivated to stay in relatively unfulfilling relationships for the sake of their romantic partner.

Changes in Self-Silencing From Adolescence to Emerging Adulthood and Associations With Relationship Quality and Coping With Relationship Stressors

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shmuel Shulman ◽  
Jerika C. Norona ◽  
Miri Scharf ◽  
Ido Ziv ◽  
Deborah P. Welsh
Keyword(s):  
Romantic Relationships ◽  
Posttraumatic Growth ◽  
Partner Support ◽  
Romantic Partner ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Longitudinal Effects ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

Self-silencing is a tendency to suppress the expression of thoughts and opinions from a romantic partner due to the fear that this self-expression would lead to a dissolution of the relationship. The aim of the current study was to assess the longitudinal effects of self-silencing during adolescence and its change across time in the context of future romantic relationships at the age of 23. In the current study, the level of self-silencing was assessed among 144 adolescents (86 females) aged 16–18 years (mean age = 16.57 years). Seven years later at the age of 23, participants reported again on the level of self-silencing, the quality of their romantic relationships, and their ability to cope with romantic stressors. Employing regression analyses, results showed that self-silencing at age 16 predicted more concealment. In addition, changes in self-silencing over time explained the variance within future levels of concealment, partner support, relationship certainty, and posttraumatic growth. Embedded within a developmental framework, our results illuminate the importance of considering both initial levels of relational vulnerabilities and their change over time in future romantic relationships.

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