scholarly journals Udlicitering eller egenproduktion – Hvordan forklarer den politologiske litteratur de store forskelle i kommunernes brug af private leverandører i opgaveløsningen?

Politik ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lasse Ring Christensen ◽  
Kurt Houlberg ◽  
Ole Helby Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Careful Examination ◽  
Future Research ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Contracting Out ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Local Municipalities ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Service Sectors

During the past ten years, the use of contracting out by Danish municipalities has been increasing. Today, private suppliers undertake approximately one fourth of all those municipal tasks which current legislation al- lows to be contracted out. ere are signi cant variations in the usage of contracting out among local munici- palities, though, and these variations are also found internationally. In this article, we conduct a systematic and comparative review of a range of Danish and international studies of the reasons local municipalities con- tract out. We conclude that previous studies provide largely heterogeneous conclusions concerning the causes of contracting out, and, as a result of this, the academic literature have di culties explaining the signi cant di erences in the use of contracting out by municipalities. For future research we suggest a greater focus on methodological issues, establishing and testing new explanatory variables, and a more careful examination of the mechanisms explaining variation in contracting out across the technical and social service sectors. 

scholarly journals Climate Change and Conflict

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 343-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vally Koubi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
General Effect ◽  
Substantial Agreement ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Level Of Economic Development

The link between climate change and conflict has been discussed intensively in academic literature during the past decade. This review aims to provide a clearer picture of what the research community currently has to say with regard to this nexus. It finds that the literature has not detected a robust and general effect linking climate to conflict onset. Substantial agreement exists that climatic changes contribute to conflict under some conditions and through certain pathways. In particular, the literature shows that climatic conditions breed conflict in fertile grounds: in regions dependent on agriculture and in combination and interaction with other socioeconomic and political factors such as a low level of economic development and political marginalization. Future research should continue to investigate how climatic changes interact with and/or are conditioned by socioeconomic, political, and demographic settings to cause conflict and uncover the causal mechanisms that link these two phenomena.

scholarly journals Conceptualizing E-Government from Local Government Perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aroon P. Manoharan ◽  
Alex Ingrams
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
Information And Communication

Over the past two decades, governments have used information and communication technologies (ICTs) to integrate their internal functions and improve their delivery of services. Scholars and practitioners have conceptualized these various ICT trends and referred to them collectively as e-government. As the number of citizens using the Internet and mobile technologies increases, the public sector is constantly innovating to keep pace with the changing technologies and citizens’ expectations. This essay reviews the academic literature on e-government among local governments and explores the issues related to its adoption and implementation. Adopting an e-government stages perspective with attention to institutional capacity, the essay examines the factors and determinants of local e-government success. The essay concludes with directions for future research on e-government and innovation in local governments.

scholarly journals Systems Thinking: A Review and Bibliometric Analysis

Systems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niamat Ullah Ibne Hossain ◽  
Vidanelage L. Dayarathna ◽  
Morteza Nagahi ◽  
Raed Jaradat
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Systems Thinking ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rank Analysis ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Leading Journals

Systems thinking (ST) is an interdisciplinary domain that offers different ways to better understand the behavior and structure of a complex system. Over the past decades, several publications can be identified in academic literature, focusing on different aspects of systems thinking. However, two critical questions are not properly addressed in the extant body of ST literature: (i) How to conduct the content analysis exclusively to derive the prominent statistics (i.e., influential journals, authors, affiliated organizations and countries) pertaining to the domain of ST? (ii) How to get better insights regarding the current and emerging trends that may evolve over time based on the existing body of ST literature? To address these gaps, the aim of this research study is to provide a comprehensive insight into the domain of systems thinking through bibliometric and network analysis. Beginning with over 6000 accumulated publications, the analysis narrowed down to 626 prominent articles with proven influence published over the past three decades. Leveraging rigorous bibliometric tools analysis, this research unveils the influential authors, leading journals and top contributing organizations and countries germane to the domain of systems thinking. In addition, citation, co-citation and page rank analysis used to rank top influential articles in the area of systems thinking. Finally, with the aid of the network analysis, key clusters in the existing literature are identified based on the research areas of systems thinking. The findings of this research will serve as a bluebook for practitioners and scholars to conduct future research within systems thinking context.

Relationship between corporate governance and firm performance: Metadata analysis for M&A participating firms

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Sarika Kumar ◽  
Sheeba Kapil
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Metadata Analysis ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper is an attempt to overview the academic literature on the mergers and acquisitions (M&A) market and further focuses on the relationship between corporate governance (CG) and firm performance in M&A participating firms by systematizing the existing knowledge and further deriving specific implications for the future work scope. M&A market experiences trillions of USD dollar deals on yearly basis. Therefore, M&A becomes the highly studied area by the researchers for analysis of different combinations between CG, firm performance, takeovers, mergers, acquisitions, etc. In this paper, the research has been carried out as a structural assessment of the past fourteen years of research on different CG variables and firm performance. Further, it has been observed that the majority of research has been conducted to identify the impact of specific bid characteristics of CG on firm performance however; there is a dearth of study to analyze the relation between CG and firm performance for the firms actively participating in M&A market as an acquirer or as a target. In lieu of this, the paper has extracted the prospective area of the study and provided a path towards future research. This review will be useful for academicians and researchers working in the area of CG and M&A, and firm performance

scholarly journals Journalism Education in the 21st century: A thematic analysis of the research literature

Journalism ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 146488492097729
Author(s):  
Laurence Solkin
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Journalism Education ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Conference Papers ◽  
Future Research Activity

In reviewing the academic literature of the past 20 years on Journalism Education, this paper seeks to develop a thematic analysis of key debates and discourses. Based on a sample of over 300 separate published contributions (books, book chapters, journal articles and conference papers) this article explores more traditional debates, theory vs practice and profession vs craft, together with their development into the 21st century. This article also focuses on newer additions to the literature including proposals for new topics, such as entrepreneurship, new models or metaphors such as the idea of the teaching hospital, as well as issues which are emerging from the diversity of Journalism Education practices across the globe. The article concludes with some general recommendations regarding future research activity in this domain.

Proving God's Existence? A Reassessment of al-Rāzī’s Arguments for the Existence of the Creator

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah C. Erlwein
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Theology ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Theological Thought ◽  
Thematic Context

Arguments for God's existence, it has often been argued in the secondary academic literature, form an essential part of classical Islamic theology (ʿilm al-kalām) and philosophy (falsafa). In the past decades, numerous scholars have dealt with what could be termed the Islamic discourse on arguments for God's existence, and have commonly analysed these arguments making recourse to Immanuel Kant's (1724–1804) categorisation of such arguments as cosmological, teleological, or ontological. The great Ashʿarī theologian Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī (d. 606/1210) is, unsurprisingly, seen as no exception to this: he, too, has been regarded as a participant in the aforementioned discourse, and in several of his major kalām works he introduces four methods to ‘prove the existence of the creator’. In this article, I will, however, argue that al-Rāzī had no concern for proving God's existence; the arguments in his kalām works, which, in the secondary academic literature, have been described as seeking to prove that God exists, it shall be suggested, serve a different purpose. This shall become clear when al-Rāzī’s commentary on the Qur'an, al-Tafsīr al-kabīr, is taken into account. Previous studies of al-Rāzī’s (alleged) arguments for God's existence have only focused on his kalām works proper, however, in the Tafsīr al-Rāzī not only presents the very same four kalām methods to ‘prove the existence of the creator’ and stresses that they originate in Qur'anic forms of argumentation, but he also places them in a thematic context which, in his theological works, is oftentimes lacking. This article therefore clarifies the objective underlying al-Rāzī’s arguments for the existence of the creator and explains their significance in his broader theological thought.

Old-growth forest reserves in Slovenia: the past, present, and future

2012 ◽  
Vol 163 (6) ◽  
pp. 240-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Nagel ◽  
Jurij Diaci ◽  
Dusan Rozenbergar ◽  
Tihomir Rugani ◽  
Dejan Firm
Keyword(s):  
Stand Structure ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Forest Reserves ◽  
The Past ◽  
Old Growth Forest ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Basic Characteristics

Old-growth forest reserves in Slovenia: the past, present, and future Slovenia has a small number of old-growth forest remnants, as well as many forest reserves approaching old-growth conditions. In this paper, we describe some of the basic characteristics of these old-growth remnants and the history of their protection in Slovenia. We then trace the long-term development of research in these old-growth remnants, with a focus on methodological changes. We also review some of the recent findings from old-growth research in Slovenia and discuss future research needs. The conceptual understanding of how these forests work has slowly evolved, from thinking of them in terms of stable systems to more dynamic and unpredictable ones due to the influence of natural disturbances and indirect human influences. In accordance with this thinking, the methods used to study old-growth forests have changed from descriptions of stand structure to studies that address natural processes and ecosystem functions.

Chinese Medicine Protein and Peptide in Gene and Cell Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinlu Feng ◽  
Zifei Yin ◽  
Daniel Zhang ◽  
Arun Srivastava ◽  
Chen Ling
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Gene And Cell Therapy ◽  
Proteins And Peptides

The success of gene and cell therapy in clinic during the past two decades as well as our expanding ability to manipulate these biomaterials are leading to new therapeutic options for a wide range of inherited and acquired diseases. Combining conventional therapies with this emerging field is a promising strategy to treat those previously-thought untreatable diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has evolved for thousands of years in China and still plays an important role in human health. As part of the active ingredients of TCM, proteins and peptides have attracted long-term enthusiasm of researchers. More recently, they have been utilized in gene and cell therapy, resulting in promising novel strategies to treat both cancer and non-cancer diseases. This manuscript presents a critical review on this field, accompanied with perspectives on the challenges and new directions for future research in this emerging frontier.

Attraction of prey

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Horner ◽  
Bartosz J. Płachno ◽  
Ulrike Bauer ◽  
Bruno Di Giusto
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cues ◽  
Synergistic Action ◽  
Carnivorous Plants ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Acoustic Cues ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Prey Attraction

The ability to attract prey has long been considered a universal trait of carnivorous plants. We review studies from the past 25 years that have investigated the mechanisms by which carnivorous plants attract prey to their traps. Potential attractants include nectar, visual, olfactory, and acoustic cues. Each of these has been well documented to be effective in various species, but prey attraction is not ubiquitous among carnivorous plants. Directions for future research, especially in native habitats in the field, include: the qualitative and quantitative analysis of visual cues, volatiles, and nectar; temporal changes in attractants; synergistic action of combinations of attractants; the cost of attractants; and responses to putative attractants in electroantennograms and insect behavioral tests.

The Energy Politics of India

2020 ◽  
pp. 532-561
Author(s):  
Lydia Powell
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Economic Power ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Social Perspectives ◽  
Energy Politics ◽  
Social Structural ◽  
Poor Outcomes

While it is not surprising that political factors shape the Indian energy landscape, few systematic attempts have been made to address exactly what interests most heavily influence energy choices and the precise nature of their impacts. Available research suggests that scholars need to move beyond simplistic explanations, such as lack of political will or capacity constraints, and recognize a broader set of interacting social, structural, institutional, and political agency variables. The technocratic analyses and projections based on simulation models that dominate the academic literature neglect political and social perspectives as unscientific, esoteric, or theoretical. Thus this chapter argues that future research should focus on political and economic power relations at the national, regional, and domestic levels when tracking poor outcomes of energy choices and policies. In the future, an emphasis on theoretically informed analysis will deepen understanding of hard choices related to the equitable distribution of energy in India and also facilitate implementation of more progressive energy policies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document