Comparative Study of the Sale and Purchase of Land Rights According to the Civil Code and the Basic Agrarian Law

Nominee agreements in terms of land ownership between Indonesian citizens and foreign nationals according to Positive Law in Indonesia are prohibited and not valid, but at present there are many foreign citizens who come to Indonesia with various purposes, one of which is to build a business, business, until investment in a way outside the applicable regulations. One way for foreign citizens to have land rights in Indonesia is by marrying Indonesian citizens and / or utilizing local indigenous people by borrowing the names of Indonesian citizens who can have land rights to bind themselves to each other in the terms of the nominee agreement. The problem that the author examines in this case is how the position of the nominee agreement in land ownership according to the positive legal system in Indonesia that occurred in the case between Karpika Wati (an Indonesian citizen) and Alain Maurice Pons (a foreign citizen) in accordance with decision No. 3403 K / PDT / 2016 The author conducts research using the normative method that will use the relevant laws to conduct a review of the problem. It can be concluded that the position of the nominee agreement in the case between Karpika Wati and Alain Maurice Pons violates the provisions of positive law in force in Indonesia, violates the provisions of the Civil Code, the Basic Agrarian Law, and the Marriage Law.

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IMPLIKASI ASAS RETROAKTIF TERHADAP KEABSAHAN AKTA NOTARIS/PPAT DALAM PEMBERIAN HAK GUNA BANGUNAN BAGI PERSEROAN TERBATAS

Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal) ◽

10.24843/jmhu.2017.v06.i01.p08 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 89

Author(s):

Made Gelgel

Keyword(s):

Limited Liability ◽

Land Rights ◽

Land Registration ◽

Legal Norms ◽

Delegation Of Authority ◽

Legal Principle ◽

Agrarian Law ◽

The Government ◽

The Concept Of Law ◽

Year 2013

Further and deeper research into the validity of the Retroactive Principle is required in order to provide assertiveness about the arrangement of Retroactive Principles in the field of agreement law in the Indonesian legal system, especially the Building Rights Agreement in Agrarian Law and the existence of obscure legal norms in the case of the legal Notary / PPAT to the granting right of building use for a period of validity is reviewed according to the provisions of Article 28 of Regulation of Head of National Land Agency Number 2 Year 2013 concerning the Delegation of Authority of Land Rights and Land Registration Activity and by using case approach of PT. Pan Pacific Nirwana Resort. This research is a normative legal research that is derived from the existence of obscurity of legal principle and legal norm contained in the provisions of Law Number 5 Year 1960 on Basic Agrarian Law Basic (UUPA) in the provisions of Article 30 and Article 28 Regulation of Head of National Land Agency No. 2 of 2013 on the Delegation of Authority of Land Rights and Land Registration Activities. The conclusion of this research in Agrarian Law there is legal uncertainty in the concept of law building rights agreement with a period of time that is still running and the future is approved by a new regulation by the government which caused the previous agreement to occur normatively contradictory whether using retroactive or non-retroactive principle and the validity of deed Notary / PPAT in the granting of right to building to limited liability company which is still valid time is reviewed according to UUPA, Article 28 Regulation of Head of National Land Agency Number 2 Year 2013 regarding Delegation of Authority of Land Rights and Land Registration Activity and Article 1320 Privat Law and by using approach case PT. Pan Pacific Nirwana Resort is not valid. Penelitian lebih lanjut dan mendalam terhadap keberlakuan Asas Retroaktif diperlukan dalam rangka memberikan ketegasan tentang pengaturan Asas Retroaktif [1] di bidang hukum perjanjian dalam sistem hukum Indonesia khususnya perjanjian Hak Guna Bangunan dalam Hukum Agraria serta masih adanya kekaburan norma hukum dalam hal keabsahan akte Notaris/PPAT terhadap Perseroan Terbatas dalam pemberian Hak Guna Bangunan yang jangka waktunya masih berlaku dikaji menurut ketentuan Pasal 28 Peraturan Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Nomor 2 Tahun 2013 tentang Pelimpahan Kewenangan Pemberian Hak Atas Tanah Dan Kegiatan Pendaftaran Tanah serta dengan menggunakan pendekatan kasus PT. Pan Pasific Nirwana Resort. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yakni beranjak dari adanya kekaburan asas hukum dan norma hukum yang terdapat di dalam ketentuan Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1960 tentang Peraturan Dasar Pokok-pokok Agraria (UUPA) dalam ketentuan Pasal 30 dan Pasal 28 Peraturan Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional No. 2 Tahun 2013 tentang Pelimpahan Kewenangan Pemberian Hak Atas Tanah Dan Kegiatan Pendaftaran Tanah. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini dalam Hukum Agraria terdapat ketidakpastian hukum dalam konsep hukum perjanjian Hak Guna Bangunan dengan jangka waktu yang masih berjalan dan ke depannya di sahkan suatu peraturan baru oleh pemerintah yang menyebabkan perjanjian sebelumnya terjadi pertentangan secara normatif apakah menggunakan asas retroaktif atau non retroaktif dan keabsahan Akta Notaris/PPAT dalam Pemberian Hak Guna Bangunan terhadap Perseroan Terbatas yang jangka waktunya masih berlaku dikaji menurut UUPA, Pasal 28 Peraturan Kepala Badan Pertanahan Nasional Nomor 2 Tahun 2013 tentang Pelimpahan Kewenangan Pemberian Hak Atas Tanah Dan Kegiatan Pendaftaran Tanah jo Pasal 1320 KUH Perdata serta dengan menggunakan pendekatan kasus PT. Pan Pasific Nirwana Resort adalah tidak sah.

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Interests of Business in the Conditions of the Reform of Civil Legislation on Rights in Rem

Journal of Russian Law ◽

10.12737/7248 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 0-0

Author(s):

Ирина Емелькина ◽

Irina Emelkina

Keyword(s):

Property Rights ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Land Rights ◽

Civil Code ◽

Legal Model ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

New System

The article discusses the problems faced by Russian entrepreneurs in the implementation of land rights. The author notes that in the transition to a new system of limited real rights must take into account the interest of business. Particular attention is paid to the analysis proposed for the introduction of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the two property rights to land, buildings and permanent tenure. The article highlights the prospects of these rights, noted shortcomings of the bill to amend the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the legal model proposed legislated specified rights in rem.

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A Comparative Study on the Principles of Online Buying and Selling from the Perspectives of Islamic Law and Indonesian Positive Law

KnE Social Sciences ◽

10.18502/kss.v5i7.9316 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Dwiyana Achmad Hartanto

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Consumer Protection ◽

Qualitative Method ◽

Islamic Law ◽

Civil Code ◽

Normative Approach ◽

Positive Law ◽

Online Trading ◽

Analytical Research ◽

Online Buying

The study aims to analyze the comparative perspectives between Islamic Law and Indonesian Positive Law in the practices of online buying and selling (trading). This study uses a juridical and normative approach with a specification of descriptive-analytical research. The data comes from primary law, secondary law, and tertiary law, and the researcher used a qualitative method to analyse the data. The shift and development of offline-based buying and selling (trading) practices to online practices today has required special regulation in the Indonesian Positive Law. The absence of specific rules regarding the practice of online buying and selling indicates that these activities should be subjected to the existing positive Indonesian laws. The principle of freedom of making contracts in the Civil Code (KUH Perdata) provides freedom to make any trade agreements. For the sake of legal certainty in the execution of online buying and selling, the parties must refer to the provisions of the Civil Code, the Information and Electronic Transaction Law (ITE Law), and the Consumer Protection Law (UUPK Law) that are relevant to the trading practice. In addition to these provisions, Islamic Law within the scope of mu’amalah also provides guidelines for the practice of direct buying and selling, but not online buying and selling; however, Islamic law also provides freedom in mu’amalah. The existence of these provisions makes it interesting to conduct a comparative study on the principles of online trading practices from the perspectives of Islamic law and Indonesian positive law. Islamic Law considers it legal to conduct online buying and selling if the terms and conditions of buying and selling are fulfilled, if it provides benefits and negates harm, and if it does not conflict with Al-Qur’an and Al-Hadith, and if it can be designated as al-‘adatu muhakkamah (a custom which is defined as law). According to the Indonesian positive law, in principle, online trading is legal as long as it fulfills the provisions of trading, that is the fulfillment of the terms, elements, principles, rights, and obligations of the parties regulated in the provisions of the Civil Code, Information and Electronic Transaction’s Law, and Consumer Protection Law, along with providing legal assurance and protection for the parties. Keywords: comparative study, online buying and selling, Islamic law, Indonesian positive law

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WEAKNESSES OF THE NEGATIVE PUBLICATION SYSTEM WITH POSITIVE ELEMENTS IN AGRARIAN LAW IN INDONESIA

Nurani Jurnal Kajian Syari ah dan Masyarakat ◽

10.19109/nurani.v21i2.9765 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 231-248

Author(s):

Suharyono Suharyono

Keyword(s):

Government Regulation ◽

Land Rights ◽

Court Decision ◽

Legal Responsibility ◽

Land Registration ◽

The Real ◽

Positive Elements ◽

Agrarian Law ◽

Implementation Level

In the negative publication system with positive elements in agrarian law in Indonesia at the implementation level, there are still a number of weaknesses, both weaknesses from the aspect of the norms for the purpose of land registration, aspects of legal responsibility and the system of imposing sanctions. There will be 3 (three) weaknesses in the Negative Publication System (positive elements) which are used as the basis for Land Registration by Government Regulation/PP Number 24 of 1997, namely: first; the norming system because it is imperative (norm imperative) and open (openbaar norm) which provides an opportunity for other parties to prove that they are the real owners of the land, thus resulting in legal disputes that must be resolved through the courts; second; the norm of legal responsibility for BPN/Kakan Land Officials who make mistakes in the implementation of land registration is not regulated in a negative publication system with positive elements, so that BPN/Land Office officials are not legally responsible when a certificate of land rights is canceled or declared invalid by a court decision; and third; norms and system for imposing sanctions for Land Registration Officers (BPN officials) who make mistakes in the implementation of land registration in Government Regulation/PP Number 24 of 1997 is not regulated. Keywords: Negative Publications, Positive Elements, and Agrarian Law.

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Jual Beli Tanah Dalam Hukum Tanah Atas Akta Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli Bertingkat yang Dibuat oleh Notaris

Notaire ◽

10.20473/ntr.v4i2.26119 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 217

Author(s):

Nailu Vina Amalia

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Rights ◽

Serial Number ◽

Agrarian Law ◽

Customary Land ◽

Ownership Of Land ◽

Ownership Rights ◽

Land Use Rights ◽

Legal Consequences

The deed of the purchase and sale agreement (PPJB). The deed of the sale and purchase agreement is a preliminary agreement prior to the sale and purchase of land. PPJB is used only once. If what is agreed in the PPJB has been fulfilled then the signing of the sale and purchase deed can be carried out, by signing the sale and purchase deed, the ownership of land rights has been transferred. There are still many people who think that when the PPJB is signed, there will be a transfer of land rights, even though the PPJB is not an evidence of a transfer of land rights. This thesis discusses graded PPJB or recurring PPJB made by a Notary on a plot of land based on ownership rights over land use rights of former customary land based on the quotation of the Decree of the Governor of East Java Region Serial Number I/Agr/117 XI/HM/01.G/1970 issued November 4, 1970, or uncertified land. Whether it contradicts the concept of buying and selling in agrarian law and the legal consequences of the PPAT who made the sale and purchase deed based on the graded PPJB.Keywords: Graded PPJB; Recurring PPJB: Proof of Prior Rights.Akta Perjanjian Pengikatan Jual Beli (akta PPJB). Akta PPJB merupakan perjanjian pendahuluan sebelum diadakannya jual beli tanah. Akta PPJB digunakan untuk sekali saja, namun prakteknya masih ditemukan Akta PPJB bertingkat. Masih banyak masyarakat yang menganggap apabila sudah ada akta PPJB sudah ada peralihan hak atas tanah, padahal akta PPJB bukan bukti adanya peralihan hak atas tanah. Akta Jual Beli (AJB) yang merupakan bukti adanya peralihan hak atas tanah. AJB dibuat apabila syarat-syarat yang ada dalam akta PPJB sudah terpenuhi. Dalam tesis ini membahas tentang akta PPJB bertingkat atau akta PPJB berulang yang dibuat oleh Notaris atas sebidang tanah berdasarkan Hak Milik atas tanah Hak Pakai bekas Gogolan tidak tetap berdasarkan Kutipan Surat Keputusan Gubernur Kepala Daerah Tingkat I Jawa Timur Nomor I/Agr/117/XI/HM/01.G/1970 tertanggal 4 Nopember tahun 1970 atau tanah yang belum bersertipikat apakah akta PPJB bertingkat tersebut bertentangan dengan konsep jual beli dalam hukum tanah dan akibat hukum dari Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT) membuat AJB berdasarkan akta PPJB bertingkat.Kata Kunci: PPJB Bertingkat; PPJB Berulang; Bukti Hak Lama.

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Kedudukan Akta Hibah dalam Sengketa Kepemilikan Hak Atas Tanah

Lentera Hukum ◽

10.19184/ejlh.v4i3.5316 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 205

Author(s):

Anisa Rahma Hadiyanti ◽

Rachmad Safa’at ◽

Tunggul Anshari

Keyword(s):

Law Enforcement ◽

Rule Of Law ◽

Social Life ◽

Land Rights ◽

Civil Code ◽

Public Officials ◽

Judicial Process ◽

The Rule Of Law ◽

The Family ◽

The Difference

On each social life will find a difference between behaviour with the law of norms. The discrepancy could cause dispute or tensions between each other that possibly also can happen in the family. The problems often arising during family Is the transition towards treasure in the form of grants from parents to their children. The settlement if there is a standoff over an object of the grant is forced to settle in a court. The Giving in a form of grant was conducted using an authentic deed as has been arranged in article 1682 Indonesian Civil Code. Public officials who given by statute an authority to make the deed of grants is land deed official. Related which for making such deed to as a basis for registration change as a result of a legal action the land. Related to the emergence of signs of a dispute over ownership under the grants, so In this case, every judge as milestone law enforcement have an interpretation of the difference against the rule of law in dispute resolution on the judicial process. In short, there is contradiction a norm between what has been decided by judges with the provision of article 1686 Indonesian Civil Code which the results of the uncertainty laws implementation of the article. Keywords: Deed, Grant, Property Rights, Land Rights

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Legal and Jurisprudential analysis towards the Possibility of Expanding Scope of the Destruction Rule

Revista do Curso de Direito do UNIFOR ◽

10.24862/rcdu.v12i2.1479 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 262-276

Author(s):

Mojtaba Lotfi Khachk ◽

Abbas Moghaddari Amiri ◽

Mehdi Fallah Khariqi

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Islamic Law ◽

Civil Code ◽

The State ◽

Gas Explosions ◽

The Subject ◽

Definition Of ◽

Limited Scope

In the conventional definition of Destruction, it should be acknowledged that Destruction refers to the state in which the destruction of a place or specific place occurs due to an accident, destruction and demolition of houses, homes and vehicles (such as, cars, trains, planes, etc.) due to a disaster, such as earthquake, accident, gas explosions, bombings, missiles, etc., are examples of Destruction and are covered by Article 873 of the Civil Code. The legislator in Article 873 of the Civil Code believes that if the date of death of the persons who inherit from each other is unknown and the priority and posterority of each of them are not known, the said persons will not inherit from each other, unless the death is due to drowning or Destruction, in which case they inherit from each other. Destruction used to have a limited scope in itself, but with the advancement of science and modern means of life and livelihood, it has expanded beyond the scope and examples of Destruction and will include more cases. Therefore, considering the importance of the subject and the need for a comprehensive and transparent study of that research, by referring to general and special jurisprudential texts through a comparative study of Islamic law, this paper aims to analyze the famous view of the jurists regarding the rule of Destruction and its inclusion and examples.

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Aspek Hukum Pengikatan Jual Beli Tanah Petok D Menurut Kuhperdata

SALAM Jurnal Sosial dan Budaya Syar i ◽

10.15408/sjsbs.v8i5.22471 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Alur Anzarwati Sekoningtias ◽

Nynda Fatmawati Octarina

Keyword(s):

Government Regulation ◽

Legal Theory ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Land Rights ◽

Civil Code ◽

Judicial Decision ◽

Land Registration ◽

The Status ◽

The Law ◽

Land Sale

Land is an important thing in the life of the Indonesian nation. One way to obtain land is through buying and selling. Sale and purchase of land rights as set forth in Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration. the fulfillment of all requirements relating to the sale and purchase in the presence of a notary then found a legal breakthrough and up to now still be done in the practice of buying and selling land that is made with the deed of binding sale and purchase agreement (PPJB) although the contents have been set about the sale and purchase of land but the new format limited binding of sale and purchase is a form of agreement which is or can be regarded as preliminary agreement. This study is a type of normative legal research ie research where in which researchers review the study documents that use various secondary data such as judicial decision legislation, legal theory. Based on the results of research First Characteristics of land sale and purchase agreement with the status of petok D following the general provisions of the law of agreement as set forth in Article 1457 of the Civil Code. It's just that the object of sale and purchase of land with the status of petok D, then apply the procedure agreement by using provisions that are more specific that is based on Government Regulation No. 24 of 1997 on land registration. Second The effect of the law on the parties if one party has defaulted in the binding of the land sale and purchase agreement with the status of petok D according to the Civil Code is canceled so that it is made based on Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997 due to the seller can not fulfill its obligation. Keywords : Sale and purchase land of petok D, binding sale and purchase agreement. ABSTRAK Tanah adalah hal yang penting dalam kehidupan bangsa Indonesia. Salah satu cara memperoleh tanah adalah melalui jual beli. Jual beli hak atas tanah seperti yang telah diatur dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 24 Tahun 1997 tentang Pendaftaran Tanah.pemenuhan terhadap semua persyaratan yang berkaitan dengan pelaksanaan jual beli di hadapan notaris maka ditemukan suatu terobosan hukum dan hingga kini masih dilakukan dalam praktek jual beli tanah yaitu dengan dibuatnya akta pengikatan perjanjian jual beli (PPJB) meskipun isinya sudah mengatur tentang jual beli tanah namun formatnya baru sebatas pengikatan jual beli yaitu suatu bentuk perjanjian yang merupakan atau dapat dikatakan sebagai perjanjian pendahuluan. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif yakni penelitian dimana didalamnya peneliti mengkaji studi dokumen yakni menggunakan berbagai data sekunder seperti perundang-undangan keputusan pengadilan, teori hukum. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian PertamaKarakteristik perjanjian jual beli tanah yang berstatus petok D mengikuti ketentuan umum hukum perjanjian sebagaimana yang telah diatur didalam Pasal 1457 KUHPerdata. Hanya saja obyek jual beli tanah berstatus petok D maka diberlakukan tata cara perjanjian dengan menggunakan ketentuan yang sifatnya lebih khusus yaitu berpedoman pada Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 24 tahun 1997 tentang pendaftaran tanah.Kedua Akibat hukum terhadap para pihak apabila salah satu pihak melakukan wanprestasi dalam pengikatan perjanjian jual beli tanah yang berstatus petok D menurut KUHPerdata dibatalkan sehingga yang dibuat berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 24 tahun 1997 akibat penjual tidak dapat memenuhi kewajibannya.Kata Kunci : Jual beli tanah petok D, Perjanjian Pengikatan jual beli.

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KEDUDUKAN SERTIFIKAT HAK ATAS TANAH SEBAGAI JAMINAN KEBENDAAN BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG HAK TANGGUNGAN ATAS TANAH BESERTA BENDA-BENDA YANG BERKAITAN DENGAN TANAH

Jurnal Privat Law ◽

10.20961/privat.v8i1.40367 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 57

Author(s):

Bayu Setiawan Hendri Putra ◽

Arief Suryono

Keyword(s):

Legal Protection ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Land Rights ◽

Legal Certainty ◽

Legal Research ◽

Analysis Techniques ◽

Land Title ◽

Strong Position ◽

Agrarian Law ◽

The Right

Abstract This article aims to find out the position and legal protection of holders of land title certificates as a material guarantee. This normative legal research is prescriptive and applied. The types and sources of material for this study include primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. Data collection techniques used are literature studies or document studies. Data analysis techniques are carried out by examining research from literature studies or secondary data studies. The results of this study explain that the position of Land Rights as collateral is regulated in the Basic Agrarian Law which states that land rights can be used as collateral for debt by encumbering Mortgage Rights. Land rights that can be used as Mortgage Rights objects must fulfill two elements, namely, must be registered with the Land Office and according to their nature must be transferable. Creditors have a strong position against collateral objects. Legal protection for the holder of the land rights certificate as a material guarantee if the debtor defaults, the creditor has the right to sell collateral for repayment of the receivables regulated in the Mortgage Right Act. The Mortgage Rights Act is a manifestation of the objectives of the Basic Agrarian Law in providing and guaranteeing legal certainty and legal protection in preventive and repressive forms. Keywords: Collateral; Mortgage Right; Legal Protection; Land RightAbstrak Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kedudukan dan perlindungan hukum terhadap pemegang sertifikat hak atas tanah sebagai suatu jaminan kebendaan. Penelitian hukum normatif ini bersifat preskriptif dan terapan. Jenis dan sumber bahan penelitian ini meliputi bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu studi kepustakaan atau studi dokumen. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan cara mengkaji penelitian dari studi kepustakaan atau studi data sekunder. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa kedudukan Hak Atas Tanah sebagai jaminan diatur dalam UU Pokok Agraria yang menyatakan bahwa hak atas tanah dapat dijadikan jaminan utang dengan dibebani Hak Tanggungan. Hak Atas tanah yang dapat dijadikan obyek Hak Tanggungan harus memenuhi dua unsur yaitu, wajib didaftarkan pada Kantor Pertanahan dan menurut sifatnya harus dapat dipindah tangankan. Kreditur memiliki kedudukan yang kuat terhadap benda jaminan. Perlindungan hukum terhadap pemegang sertifikat hak atas tanah sebagai suatu jaminan kebendaan apabila debitur wanprestasi, kreditur berhak menjual benda jaminan untuk pelunasan piutangnya yang diatur dalam UU Hak Tanggungan. UU Hak Tanggungan merupakan wujud dari tujuan UU Pokok Agraria dalam memberikan dan jaminan kepastian hukum dan perlindungan hukum dalam bentuk preventif dan represif. Kata Kunci: Jaminan; Hak Tanggungan; Perlindungan Hukum; Hak Atas Tanah

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