Lineup Instruction Verbiage's Effect on the Accuracy of Eyewitness Identifications: Michigan's Procedure

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-135
Author(s):  
BRITTNEY BYRD ◽  
HARVEY J. BURNETT
Keyword(s):  
Eyewitness Identification ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Identification Task ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Instruction Condition ◽  
Feedback Questionnaire ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Word Search ◽  
Eyewitness Identifications ◽  
Identification Decision

ABSTRACT Our study examined the effects of biased and unbiased lineup instructions verbiage on the accuracy of eyewitness identification in a suspect-absent photographic lineup. Seventy subjects were randomly assigned to either a biased instruction condition or an unbiased instruction condition where they watched a mocked crime video, solved word-search puzzles for five minutes, completed a suspect-absent photographic lineup, and then completed an online post-witness experience feedback questionnaire. The unbiased condition utilized photographic lineup instructions from the State Bar of Michigan's Eyewitness Identification Task Force recommended policy writing guide. For the biased condition, the instructions alluded to subjects that the suspect was present. Subjects in the unbiased condition answered correctly 45.7% of the time compared to 28.6% of those in the biased condition. Chi-square test for independence indicated no significant association between the lineup instructions verbiage and the accuracy of eyewitness identification rates. Binomial logistic regression found that the confidence level in the identification choice made, ease of making an identification, decision making time, ability to recognize the lineup appeinstructions, and group condition were not significant predictors of subjects correctly identifying the suspect. Our results would suggest that the verbiage of the lineup instructions does not increase accuracy of eyewitness identifications.

Abstract T P144: Rural Stroke System Development and Patterns of Arrival

Stroke ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James C Torner ◽  
Erin Rindels ◽  
Angela Overton ◽  
Enrique Leira ◽  
Michael Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
System Development ◽  
Stroke Care ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Categorical Analysis ◽  
Stroke Registry ◽  
Private Vehicle ◽  
Geographically Dispersed ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Rural State

Introduction: The Iowa Stroke Registry (ISR) is one of the Paul Coverdell Registries of the Centers for Disease Control. Its goal is to assess the performance of the Iowa Stroke System and to conduct system improvement to improve stroke care and outcomes. One of the major challenges in rural state is acute intervention in a geographically dispersed population and transport to definitive care. Methods: The Iowa Stroke Registry was established in 2007 with data collection from 32 comprehensive, primary and stroke capable hospitals in Iowa beginning in 2009. To date over 10,000 patients have been enrolled. Arrival to the ISR was characterized as via EMS, private vehicle or transfer from another facility. Factors related to stroke symptoms and presentation and time to arrival from last known well were examined by arrival mode. Categorical analysis was done using a Chi-Square Test with an alpha of 0.05. Results: To date 39% of patients with stroke came directly by ambulance, 35% by private vehicle and 25% transferred from local hospitals. Of EMS transported patients were 94% were admitted through the ER; 13% of private vehicle and 32% of transfer patients were directly admitted to inpatient beds. Admission symptoms were similar regardless of transport mode with 64% of patients with weakness, 10% speech difficulties, 3% vision abnormalities and 28% with aphasia. Ambulation with assistance or unable to ambulate was highest in private vehicle patients (8.6%)(p<.05). Transfer (median=347 minutes) and private vehicle (median=408) were significantly longer than EMS arrivals (median=222). As the system developed, the percentage of transfer patients significantly increased over time. Conclusions: With nearly one-third of patients still arriving by private vehicle there is a need for further public education. Increase in transfers demonstrate the effect of stroke system development. These data from the ISR provide information for a wide-ranging stroke education program by the Coverdell Registry and Stroke Task Force committees and stakeholders in Iowa.

A post-COVID survey of current and future parents among faculty, trainees, and research staff at an NCI-designated cancer center.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 11002-11002
Author(s):  
Annie P. Im ◽  
Yana G. Najjar ◽  
Todd Bear ◽  
Devin Dressman ◽  
Kara A. Bernstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Working Parents ◽  
Research Staff ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Impact

11002 Background: Challenges for women in science and academic medicine have been well documented, which include gender disparities related to parental and domestic responsibilities that interfere with work or career opportunities. We aimed to evaluate the experiences and working environment at an NCI-designated Cancer Center for current and future parents in the post-COVID era. We hypothesized there would be differences in the experiences of parents between men and women, and between trainees, faculty, and staff. Methods: A 61-question online survey for current and future parents was developed by the Women’s Task Force of the Hillman Cancer Center (HCC) in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Questions focused on perceived attitudes towards parents, the supportive nature of the working environment for parents, experiences with breastfeeding as a working parent, and childcare responsibilities pre- and post-COVID. The survey was sent to 562 scientific faculty, physicians, trainees, and research staff at HCC. Comparisons between groups of interest were performed using a chi-square test. Results: There were 214 respondents (38% response rate) with even representation: 38% were faculty, 27% were trainees, and 35% were research staff; 59% were female. 6% of respondents reported being “discouraged or excluded from participating in specific activities due to having or planning children”, and 24% felt “moderately supported” as a parent at work. Regarding breastfeeding, 58% reported that the decision to breastfeed was moderately impacted by returning to work, and of the women who were currently or recently breastfeeding, 42% reported that there were not enough lactation rooms in their building. Other questions in the survey aimed to evaluate what further support would be helpful for parents. 40% reported that on-site childcare would help better support them as a parent, especially because 47% documented that finding childcare was difficult and 53% documented that they looked at ≥4 daycares or nannies. Further, 49% reported that they did not know where to look for resources in finding childcare. Pre-COVID, 32% reported spending 2-3 hours a day on childcare and/or home responsibilities; post-COVID, 55% reported spending ≥4 hours a day. These effects were more pronounced in women compared to men (p < 0.05). Pre-COVID, 40% reported that they were unable to participate in work events due to childcare responsibilities, which increased to 54% post-COVID, and was most pronounced in faculty and trainees compared to staff (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our survey describes some of the universal challenges of working parents in Oncology, which have been exacerbated by COVID. The impact of COVID was more pronounced in women. Further studies are needed for systematic interventions or policies that improve support for working parents, including unified resources and working groups for current and expecting parents.

Hubungan Antara Menyusui Dengan Involusi Uterus Pada Ibu Nifas Fisiologis Di RSIA Aura Syifa Kabupaten Kediri

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Eny Sendra ◽  
Dewi Indriani
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fisher Test ◽  
Key Word ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Moment

Breast feeding is giving milk to be drunk to the baby from the breast. Uterus involution is a process how the uterus return to the condition back, before pregnanting after bearing. At the moment of suckling, happens a stimulus and brings the hormones out, such as oksitosin uses not only to stimulate some muscles constraction but also to stimulate the uterus, so that the process of uterus involution happens foster. According to the explanations above, the research aimed to know about the correlation between breast feeding and uterus involution. This research’s design was, cross sectional by the population of all childbirth mothers approximately 50 persons / month. By using accidental sampling technique we got 21 sample respondents. The place of research in RSIA Aura Syifa in Kediri Regency on 16th until 22nd of June 2009. From this research’s result, we got 14 persons (66,67%) with normal uterus involution, suckled in a good way, one person (4,67%) with normal uterus involution, suckled in a wrong way, 2 persons (9,52%) with abnormal uterus involution, suckled in a good way and 4 persons (19,05%) with abnormal uterus involution, suckled in a wrong way. Statistic test which used chi-square test, counted the probability frequency in advance, from that we got 3 columns with the score, less than 5, so that chi-square can not be continued and by doing exact fisher test, the score was 0,001. Because P with the grade mistake 0,05 smaller, so the conclusion was “Ho” is rejected, it meant “there was correlation between suckling and uterus involution”. Key Word : Breast feeding, uterus involution

FAKTOR PERSONAL YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI PERAWAT RSUD EMBUNG FATIMAH BATAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 875
Author(s):  
Asfri Sri Rahmadeni
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Turnover Rate ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Hospital Nurses ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test

<p class="Normal1"><em>Commitment is the attitude or behavior of likes or dislikes shown by someone against the organization at work. Indonesia is recorded as a nurse who has a low organizational commitment (76%) so it harms services. This phenomenon in the hospital can be seen from the indicator of the high turnover rate of nurses which reaches 30.9% which exceeds the standard &lt;5%. Many factors affect organizational commitment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Personal Factors Associated with Organizational Commitment of Hospital Nurses. This study is a cross-sectional analytic study and purposive sampling technique with a sample of 59 nurses. Chi-Square test results obtained personal factors that have a relationship with organizational commitment Nurse Hospital is age with p = 0,000 and education with p = 0,000, personal factors not related to organizational commitment are gender p = 1,053 and years of service with p = 1,147. Hospitals should conduct research/surveys on Organizational Commitment periodically as an evaluation material in the context of the organization's development and development in the future</em>.</p>

GAMBARAN INDEKS LARVA AEDES AEGYPTI DI BUFFER WILAYAH KERJA BANDARA SEPINGGAN BALIKPAPAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdurrakhman abdurrakhman Abdurrakhman
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Transportation Equipment ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Larvae Density

ABSTRACT : The House index and Container Index in the buffer area of ​​the working area of ​​Balikpapan Sepinggan Airport is still above 1%, so the potential for the spread of dengue disease. Mobilization of people, goods and transportation equipment will increasingly affect the transmission of disease in ports and airports, especially for vector-borne diseases. This study aims to analyze the risk factors associated with larvae density of Aedes aegypti and describe the larvae index in the buffer zone of the Sepinggan Balikpapan Airport This study was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. The sample in this study was 121 houses with a proportionate stratified random sampling, the research location was in the buffer zone of Sepinggan Balikpapan Airport in November 2018. The variables studied were houses with positive larvae containers, breeding sites and PSN behavior and larvasidation. The data was analyzed using the chi square test. There was a relationship between houses with larvae positive Aedes aegypti, behavior of Mosquito Nest Eradication (PSN) and larvasidation with larvae density of Aedes aegypti but not for breeding sites (p = 0.00 and 95% CI = 0.64), and   (p = 0.00 and 95% CI = 0.34). The description of several Aedes aegypti larvae index, namely House Index (HI) = 57.02%, Container Index (CI) = 24.36%, Bruteau Index (BI) = 148.76, and Flick Free Numbers (ABJ) = 42.98 %. Houses with larvae of Aedes aegypti larvae and PSN and larvasidation behavior were associated with larvae density of Aedes aegypti. The index of HI, CI and BI larvae is of high value so there is a risk of DBD transmission

The Influence of Age and Gender on Mandibular Indices among the Libyan Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
T Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Libyan Population

Radiographic Mandibular Indices serve as easy and relatively cheap tools for evaluating bone mineralization. Objectives: To examine the effect of age and gender on three mandibular indices: the panoramic mandibular index (PMI), the mandibular ratio (MR) and the mandibular cortical index (MCI), among Libyan population. Methods: The three indices were measured on 317 digital (OPGs) of adult humans (155 males, 162 females). The sample was divided into six age groups (from 18-25 years through 56-65 years). The measurements were analyzed for interactions with age and sex, using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Studies) software version no. 22. The tests employed were two way ANOVA, the unpaired T-test and chi-square test. Results: The mean PMI fluctuated between 0.37 s.d. 0.012 and 0.38 s.d. 0.012. among the sixth age groups. One-way ANOVA statistical test revealed no significant of age on PMI. On the other hand gender variation has effect on PMI, since independent sample t-test disclosed that the difference between the male and female PMI means statistically significant. ANOVA test showed that the means of MR among age groups showed a negative correlation i.e. MR mean declined from 3.01 in 18-25 age groups to 2.7 in 55-65 age groups. In contrary, the gender showed no effect on MR according two sample t-test at p> 0.05. In regards with MCI, statistical analysis showed that it affected by age that is C1 was decreasing by age while C2 and C3 were increased by age. Using chi square test the result indicated that there is a significant difference among the different age group and the two genders in MCI readings. Conclusion: PMI was influenced significantly by age but minimally by the gender. MR is not affected by gender but has a negative correlation with age. MCI is affected by both age and gender

IDENTIFIKASI SERTA HUBUNGAN KONSTRUKSI SUMUR GALI TERHADAP KANDUNGAN COLIFORM PADA AIR SUMUR GALI DI DUSUN JIKEN KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Dini Yuliansari
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Variable ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
Dug Well ◽  
The Relationship

The well is one of the source water used for bathing, washing, and drinking by the citizens in Jiken Hamlet, Rarang Village, Terara Sub-District. Poor dug well construction conditions can affect the amount of coliform bacteria contained in the dug well water. The purpose of this study is to identify the construction of dug wells and the content of coliform bacteria in dug well water and determine the relationship between dug well construction and the content of coliform bacteria. This research is analytic with a cross sectional study design. The results were obtained from 11 samples of dug wells which were observed in construction and the coliform content was known that all samples did not requirements as good dug well construction. Coliform content test results showed that as many as 5 dug well water samples did not pass the clean water quality standards. The results of data analysis with the chi-square test variable construction of dug wells with coliform content variable  showed 0,172 > 0,05, then the concluded is the dug well not suitable to use by people in that area as a source of water for daily needs.

Hubungan antara Luas Lesi pada Foto Toraks Penderita TB Paru Dewasa yang Memiliki Riwayat Diabetes Melitus dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh di Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin Bandung

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Ina Edwina ◽  
Rista D Soetikno ◽  
Irma H Hikmat
Keyword(s):  
Chest Radiograph ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Consecutive Sampling ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence rates are increasing rapidly, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. There is a relationship between TB and DM that are very prominent, which is the prevalence of pulmonary TB with DM increased by 20 times compared with pulmonary TB without diabetes. Chest X-ray picture of TB patients with DM is atypical lesion. However, there are contradictories of pulmonary TB lesion on chest radiograph of DM patients. Nutritional status has a close relationship with the morbidity of DM, as well as TB.Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the lesions of TB on the chest radiograph of patients who su?er from DM with their Body Mass Index (BMI) in Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung.Material and Methods: The study was conducted in Department of Radiology RSHS Bandung between October 2014 - February 2015. We did a consecutive sampling of chest radiograph and IMT of DM patients with clinical diagnosis of TB, then the data was analysed by Chi Square test to determine the relationship between degree of lesions on chest radiograph of pulmonary TB on patients who have DM with their BMI.Results: The results showed that adult patients with active pulmonary TB with DM mostly in the range of age 51-70 years old, equal to 62.22%, with the highest gender in men, equal to 60%. Chest radiograph of TB in patients with DM are mostly seen in people who are obese, which is 40% and the vast majority of lesions are minimal lesions that is equal to 40%.Conclusions: There is a signifcant association between pulmonary TB lesion degree with BMI, with p = 0.03

Analisis Faktor Determinan Pelaksanaan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini Oleh Bidan Di Rumah Sakit Umum Anutapura Palu

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Ni Nyoman Novita ◽  
Gusman Arsyad
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Room ◽  
Peer Support ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Implementation Processes ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Government

Implementation of IMD in hospitals has decreased from the previous year and has not reached the target set by the government. Some IMD implementation processes have not been carried out according to applicable standards. So that babies do not get an IMD in accordance with existing SOPs. The purpose of this study was to determine the determinant factors associated with the implementation of the IMD by midwives in the Midwifery and Maternity Room Emergency Room (IGD) at the Anutapura General Hospital in Palu. This research method is analytical with cross sectional approach. The population of this study was that all midwives in the obstetrics emergency room and maternity room at Anutapura Palu Hospital were 37 respondents. The sample in this study is total sampling. The analysis used was univariate, and bivariate analysis using the chi square test with a confidence level of 95% (α = 0.05). The results of statistical tests on variable knowledge of midwives with the implementation of IMD p value: 0.018 (p value <0.05). APN training with the implementation of IMD p value: 0.697 (p value> 0.05). length of work with the implementation of IMD p value: 0.029 (p value <0.05). and peer support with the implementation of IMD p value: 0.007 (p value <0.05). Conclusions there is a relationship between knowledge, length of work, peer support with the implementation of the IMD, and training factors that have nothing to do with IMD implementation. The strongest factor in the relationship is peer support. It is recommended that the Anutarapura Palu Hospital be able to motivate midwives so that they can further enhance their role in the implementation and provide support to their colleagues so that the implementation of the IMD can be carried out in accordance with applicable standards.Keywords: Knowledge, APN Training, Duration of work, Implementation of IMD

Avaliação da prevalência da perda precoce de molares decíduos na dentição mista

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (52) ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
Ana de Lourdes Sá de Lira ◽  
Cassius Wander Coelho Martins ◽  
Luis Paulo da Silva Dias ◽  
Tito Cacau Sousa Santos
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Space Maintainer ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Fixed Space ◽  
Deciduous Molar ◽  
One Year ◽  
Deciduous Molars ◽  
Lower Arch

Objective: To assess primary molars early loss in mixed dentition prevalence. Method: A study was carried out in children aged 6 to 12 years. Deciduous molar loss was considered early when it occurred before Nolla stage 6 (full formed crown) of the permanent successor or one year before its physiological exfoliation. Periapical radiographs were obtained to verify the presence of the permanent successor and the level of root formation, as well as the need for placement of fixed space maintainer lingual arch or Nance button. For the study of frequency distribution of early dental loss in relation to gender and dentition, we used the Chi-square test of 5% probability level and the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test for adequate statistical analysis. Results: Of the 315 children examined, 159 (50.47%) were male and 156 (49.52%) were female. Only 25 (7.9%) presented multiple dental losses in the posterior region, 19 in the lower arch and 6 in the upper arch. In the inferior one there was predominance of first and second deciduous molars loss. There was no difference in the association between genders and the occurrence of multiple dental losses (χ² (1) = 0.03, p>0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of deciduous teeth premature loss was of 7.9% and the most affected teeth were the first and second molars in the lower arch. Lingual arch space holders were installed in 6 children, who will remain with it until the permanent successors erupt into the oral cavity.

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