scholarly journals Road Safety Assessment Considering the Expected Fatal Accident Density

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-48
Author(s):  
Vilma Jasiūnienė ◽  
Rasa Vaiškūnaitė
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Fatal Accident ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
The Road ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
Wide Road

Network-wide road safety assessment throughout the whole network is one of the four road infrastructure safety management procedures regulated by Directive 2019/1936/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2019 Аmending Directive 2008/96/EC on Road Infrastructure Safety Management and one of the methods for determining the direction of investment in road safety. So far, the implementation of the procedure has been lightly regulated and adapted using various road safety indicators. The paper describes the evaluation of road accident data that is one of the criteria for conducting a network-wide road safety assessment. Taking into consideration that networkwide road safety assessment is a proactive road safety activity, the paper proposes to conduct road safety assessment considering the expected fatal accident density. Such assessment makes it possible to assess the severity of accidents, and the use of the predicted road accident data on calculating the introduced road accident rate contributing to the prevention of accidents. The paper describes both the empirical Bayes method for predicting road accidents and the application of one of the road safety indicators – the expected fatal accident density – to determine five road safety categories across the road network. The paper demonstrates the application of the proposals submitted to Lithuanian highways using road accident and traffic data for the period 2014–2018.

scholarly journals The safe road transport system approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-74
Author(s):  
Hans-Joachim Vollpracht
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
System Approach ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Calming ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
And Function

Abstract More than 1,24 million people die each year on the worlds roads and between 20 to 50 million suffer from nonfatal injuries. The UN Road Safety Collaboration Meetings under the leadership of WHO developed the Programme for the Decade of Actions for road safety taking nations into the responsibility of improving their accident figures by the five pillars of a national Road Safety Policy, safer Roads, safer Vehicles, safer Road Users and Post Crash Care. It is this Safe System Approach that takes into consideration the land use, infrastructure and transport planning, road user’s abilities and limitations and the close cooperation of all governmental and none governmental stakeholders involved. Following the European Transport Safety Council's (ETSC) 8th Road Safety Performance Index Report on Ranking EU Progress on Road Safety; June 2014 Romania has made progress during the last 10 year but had still the highest fatality rate of 93 fatalities per 1 million inhabitants in Europe. [1] The contribution will present the main activities of the fife pillars with a focus on PIARC's Road Infrastructure Management tools to improve safety and function of the road infrastructure based on the experiences with the land use problems in Asian, African and European countries. A GPS based accident data system will help researchers and practitioners to improve their countries road safety. The report will show the important steps for safer roads which had been developed in Romania and how actions of short and long term measures on all five pillars have reduced the number of traffic victims remarkable in Eastern Germany after reunification and in addition how the hierarchy of motorways, 2+1 express roads, the rural roads and traffic calming in built up areas, have improved the economic development of cities and villages in a safe way.

scholarly journals Analysis of the road safety assessment in the areas of road nodes - questionnaire surveys

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Ewelina Cybulska ◽  
Andrzej Rogowski
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Road Junction ◽  
Road Junctions

Road junctions constitute one of the most important elements of road infrastructure. These are the special types of intersections, the construction of which results in an increase in the level of road safety in the areas of expressways and motorways. A wrongly designed or insufficiently marked and illuminated road junction may mislead participants and cause dangerous situations. The article presents author's surveys conducted among drivers on the subject of road safety assessment in the areas of road junctions.

scholarly journals Contactless Automated Express Evaluation of Damages to a Car Body by Visual Parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 471-475
Author(s):  
M. Tarasovа ◽  
N. Filkin ◽  
R. Yurtikov
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
The Body ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Car Body ◽  
The Road ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
Established Fact ◽  
Time Required

Explosive development of computer technologies and their availability made it possible to extensively focus nowadays on emerging state-of-the-art technologies, digitalization, artificial intelligence, and automated systems, including in the field of road safety. It would be reasonable to implement some technical devices in this respect to remove human factor and automate some procedures completed at the scene of a road accident. Automatically filled up road accident inspection records and, mainly, diagrams of the accident will reduce time required for the examining inspector and remove human factor. Ultimately, an automated road accident data sheet is suggested to be established. To tackle the issues above requires a technique to determine whether the produced damages to the car body result from the same road accident. The fact remains that there are circumstances when even vehicle trace examination would not do the job, in case of multiple corrosive damage to the body. In view of the above, a technique designed to determine whether the damages produced are caused at the same point of time gains its ground. A technique for a time-related corrosion examination is offered herein to cut expenditures for diagnostics and expert examination of road accidents. That will also eliminate the matters of argument with respect to the road accident evaluation in court. Among added benefits of the technique are that it is simple, quick to implement, and requires no human involvement. It is a well-established fact that each chemical element or a mixture of substances has its own timeinvariant color attributes which allows to determine availability of one or another substance during corrosion of metal surfaces, by emission from the surface in question.

scholarly journals Implementation of modern tools for the improvement of the road infrastructure on the Trans-European road network – road safety inspection (RSI)

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Miladin Nešić ◽  
Dušan Mladenović ◽  
Mirjana Ilić ◽  
Ivana Andrijanić ◽  
Mirko Koković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Law ◽  
On The Road

The European Directive on the Road Infrastructure Safety Improvement (2008/96/EC) has established the implementation of appropriate procedures as the basic tools for improving the road infrastructure on the trans-European road network. The Law on Roads (2018) prescribes the implementation of the following procedures: Road safety impact assessment; Road safety audit; Road safety inspection; Risk mapping; Black spot identification; and In depth road accident studies. The Law on Roads also prescribes that the Minister will prescribe the manner of implementation and the contents of the Evaluation, Audit and Independent Assessment reports, as well as the manner of determining the major risk portions and the identification and ranking of hazardous sites (black spots). Since the method of implementation and the content of the report are not yet prescribed, the authors contributed in this paper to defining the manner of implementation and content of the traffic safety report on the example of the section of the highway, as the highest category of state road. In the framework of the training of auditors and auditors, among others, a pilot project was carried out for the safety of traffic on the part of the E-75 (A1) highway, about 2,7 km ahead of the Mali Požarevac loop, including the loop. The verified part of the highway also includes a ramp with a toll ramp, service facility, overpass, bridge, etc., so the selected checked part is representative for defining a recommendation for the mode of implementation and the model for the preparation of the report.

POLICY INSTRUMENTS FOR MANAGING ROAD SAFETY ON EU-ROADS

Transport ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredas Laurinavičius ◽  
Lina Juknevičiūtė-Žilinskienė ◽  
Kornelija Ratkevičiūtė ◽  
Ineta Lingytė ◽  
Laura Čygaitė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Teaching Material ◽  
The Road ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
The Impact

Directive 2008/96/EC on road infrastructure safety management requires the establishment and implementation of procedures relating to road safety impact assessments (RSIA), road safety audits (RSA), ranking of high accident concentration sections and network safety ranking (NSR) and road safety inspections (RSI). The aim of this article is to present the outputs of BALTRIS project. The goal of the international project BALTRIS is to elaborate the road and street infrastructure safety management procedures and teaching material consistently explaining the above mentioned infrastructure management procedures. Four Baltic Sea region countries (Sweden, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania), represented by universities and national road administrations participate in the elaboration of these procedures and teaching material. This article describes the scope of NSR, RSA and RSI procedures prepared in the frame of BALTRIS project, also article provides detailed implementation and execution of procedures for the EU Member States. NSR means a method for identifying, analysing and classifying parts of the existing road network according to their potential for safety development and accident cost savings. Ranking of high accident concentration sectionsmeans a method to identify, analyse and rank sections of the road network which have been in operation for 3÷5 years and upon which a large number of fatal/injury accidents in proportion to the traffic flow or compared to respective conditions have occurred. RSI is a strategic comparative analysis of the impact of the new road or a substantial modification to the existing network on the safety performance of the road network. RSA is a formal safety performance examination of the existing or future road or intersection by an independent audit team.

Analysis of Characteristics of Vehicle-Bicycle/Pedestrian Conflicts Using Video Drive Recorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 4413-4417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Feng Lin ◽  
Bo Cheng ◽  
Guang Quan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Field Test ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Design ◽  
Traffic Conflict ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
One Year

Vehicle to pedestrian/bicycle accidents account for a large proportion of traffic accidents in China. In order to study the characteristics of vehicle to pedestrian/bicycle conflicts, 50 taxis are chosen as the test vehicles. A field-test was conducted using video driver recorder in Beijing for one year. A large amount of traffic conflict and accident data was collected in real driving environment. Considering the factors including conflict type, conflict time, conflict location, traffic control and conflict speed etc., the traffic conflict characteristics of vehicle to pedestrian/bicycle were analyzed. The results might contribute to the road safety management, road design and accident prevention technology.

scholarly journals Road safety inspection as a tool for road safety management – the polish experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-62
Author(s):  
Marcin Budzyński ◽  
Kazimierz Jamroz ◽  
Wojciech Kustra
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road

Abstract In Poland, road inspections were implemented in June 2014 on all national roads. Previous traffic surveys mainly looked at the technical condition of roads, signs and markings; other safety issues were overlooked. The main problem of the inspections is that the qualitative assessment is subjective which affects the classification of the sources of hazard on the road. The paper presents an analysis of the variability of the qualitative assessments of road defects when they are assessed by different teams of inspectors. On this basis, guidelines were developed for the classification of risks based on the relationship between sources of road hazard and the personal and economic losses involved in road accidents. These relationships are quantified using mathematical models to simulate the effect of hazard variability on the consequences of selected road accident causes on sections of the road network.

Safety Assessment of Two-Lane Highway using a Combined Proactive and Reactive Approach: Case Study from Indian National Highways

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (7) ◽  
pp. 709-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudipa Chatterjee ◽  
Sudeshna Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Risk Matrix ◽  
The Government ◽  
Road Safety Audit ◽  
Proactive Safety

In India, approximately 30% of road accident fatalities occur on two-lane rural roads. Thus research focused on identifying risk factors on this road type is of immense interest to most of the road agencies. Although these highways are more hazardous and account for more severe crashes, there is a lack of scientific safety assessment of such highways compared with multi-lane highways. Proactive approaches, such as road safety audit, have been widely adopted by the government of India to reduce crash frequency and severity on highways. However, an effective road safety management program should exercise an optimal balance between reactive and proactive strategies to identify potential hazards and treat already existing hazardous sites. Through a case study on two two-lane highways, several risk factors were identified using the principles of road safety audit, and were mapped with the available crash data analysis to develop a risk matrix. This risk matrix was found to be helpful in the selection of countermeasure design in a more scientific way, targeting the frequent crash types and severities expected to result at the high crash sites. Finally, it was observed that integrating the findings from reactive analysis with proactive safety management is more beneficial, since they are methodically proven with historical crash records and provide the knowledge of plausible safety hazards at sites where similar features exist. The proposed methodology could be adopted by road agencies in India and other developing countries for effective proactive safety planning.

scholarly journals New method of predicting the occurrence of road accidents in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerii Vyrozhemskyi ◽  
Liudmyla Nahrebelna ◽  
Minenko Yevhen ◽  
Nataliia Bidnenko
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Accident Data

Insufficient road safety level remains a serious problem in Ukraine. The number of people killed in road accidents in 2018 per 100 thousand of population is 9,11, while in the countries of the European Union, on average, this indicator is 5-6 deaths per 100 thousand of population. The growing number of vehicles and road users increases the likelihood of road accidents and, accordingly, the number of the suffered people increases. This regularity can be noted not only in our country, but also in the countries over the world. Method of prospective extrapolation is proposed for the prevention of road accidents which makes it possible to transfer the trends and links connected with the occurrence of road accidents in the past to the current period and for the future. To apply this method, it is necessary to have a qualitative statistical analysis of the road accident data. This provides an opportunity to foresee the occurrence of a particular type of accident, its location and the causes affecting its occurrence. By using the prospective extrapolation method, it is possible to reduce the number of road accidents and the severity of their consequences, including reducing the number of fatal accidents to a minimum.

scholarly journals Road Infrastructure Analysis with Reference to Traffic Stream Characteristics and Accidents: An Application of Benchmarking Based Safety Analysis and Sustainable Decision-Making

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah ◽  
Naveed Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
The Road ◽  
Funding Mechanism ◽  
Safety Improvement

Road infrastructure sustainability is directly associated with the safety of human beings. As a transportation engineer and policymaker, it is necessary to optimize the funding mechanism for road safety improvement by identifying problematic road segments. Infrastructure improvement is one of the key targets for efficient road safety management. In this study, data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique has been applied in combination with a geographical information system (GIS) to evaluate the risk level of problematic segments of a 100 km-long motorway (M-2) section. Secondly, the cross efficient method has been used to rank the risky segments for prioritization and distribution of funding to improve the road safety situation. This study will help in efficiently identifying the risky segments for safety improvement and budget allocation prioritization. GIS map will further improve the visualization and visibility of problematic segments to easily locate the riskiest segments of the motorway.

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