scholarly journals Soil Suitability for Apple (Malus domestica) Cultivation within the Borders of the Municipality of Bužim

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirsad Ičanović ◽  
Husnija Kudić ◽  
Mihajlo Marković
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Soil Response ◽  
Constraint Factors ◽  
Apple Production

The consequences of improper land management are long-term, inadequate for agricultural production, and reflected through the loss of land, reduced yields, soil erosion, etc. In order to determine the optimal role or suitability of the land for apple cultivation within the Bužim municipality, a survey was conducted according to the FAO method of AEZ (FAO, 1976), and based on the obtained results, an assessment of the suitability of the land for apple cultivation was carried out. It was found that a significant land portion of the total of 13,026.27 ha agricultural land within the Municipality of Bužim is suitable for fruit production marked from S1 to N suitability class. Thus, the areas with the best graded class S1 cover only 1.23% or 159.52 ha, the S2 class occupies 5.51% (717.24 ha), the S3 class occupies 2.29% (298.24 ha). However, the largest areas are marked as the unfavourable N-class with 36.68% (4,772.60 ha). It is evident that pre-existing conditions for apple production within the municipality do exist. With the implementation of the necessary measures of soil/ land regulation, education of agricultural producers, and mindfulness of constraint factors hindering intensive production such as terrain slope, depth, rockiness and soil response, progress in production can be made.

Implications of Land Grabbing on Sustainable Food Systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-125
Author(s):  
Agatha Osivweneta Ogbe ◽  
Sarah Edore Edewor
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Rural Poor ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Land Grabbing ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Sustainable Food Systems ◽  
Sustainable Food

Land is one of the most valuable assets required for agricultural production. In Africa, smallholder agricultural producers are faced with a lot of challenges that have highly impacted on productivity and sustainable food systems. The global demand for agricultural land for food and bio-fuel production has increasingly led to the emergence of land grabbing after the 2007-08 food price crisis. The rural poor are the victim of land grabbing as they are faced with declining farmlands, low income generation, and loss of livelihood activities. These have affected the food security status of the rural poor as farmlands are taken from them. The proponents of land grabbing revealed that developing countries are expected to benefit from investments inflow on grabbed land, development of infrastructure, increased income generation, and job creation. They argue that investment in agriculture is necessary to stimulate agricultural production; however, this situation has brought negative effects as most investors failed to keep their end of the transaction on land acquisition deals.

scholarly journals Holocene Critical Zone dynamics in an Alpine catchment inferred from a speleothem multiproxy record: disentangling climate and human influences

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Regattieri ◽  
Giovanni Zanchetta ◽  
Ilaria Isola ◽  
Elena Zanella ◽  
Russell N. Drysdale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
Critical Zone ◽  
Stable Isotope Ratio ◽  
Climate Forcing ◽  
Soil Response ◽  
Anthropic Pressure

AbstractDisentangling the effects of climate and human impact on the long-term evolution of the Earth Critical Zone is crucial to understand the array of its potential responses to the ongoing Global Change. This task requires natural archives from which local information about soil and vegetation can be linked directly to climate parameters. Here we present a high-resolution, well-dated, speleothem multiproxy record from the SW Italian Alps, spanning the last ~10,000 years of the present interglacial (Holocene). We correlate magnetic properties and the carbon stable isotope ratio to soil stability and pedogenesis, whereas the oxygen isotope composition is interpreted as primarily related to precipitation amount, modulated at different timescales by changes in precipitation source and seasonality. During the 9.7-2.8 ka period, when anthropic pressure over the catchment was scarce, intervals of enhanced soil erosion are related to climate-driven vegetation contractions and occurred during drier periods. Immediately following the onset of the Iron Age (ca. 2.8 ka), by contrast, periods of enhanced soil erosion coincided with a wetter climate. We propose that the observed changes in the soil response to climate forcing were related to early anthropogenic manipulations of Earth’s surface, which made the ECZ more sensitive to climate oscillations.

scholarly journals Effects of Long-Term Crop-Livestock-Forestry Systems on Soil Erosion and Water Infiltration in a Brazilian Cerrado Site

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jullian Souza Sone ◽  
Paulo T. Sanches de Oliveira ◽  
Pedro A. Pereira Zamboni ◽  
Nelson O. Motta Vieira ◽  
Glauber Altrão Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
No Till ◽  
One Year

Integrating agricultural land uses is a suitable alternative for fostering economic development and improving food security. However, the effects of long-term integrated systems on soil erosion and water infiltration are still poorly understood. Here, we investigate the influence of different agricultural land uses on soil erosion and water infiltration in an Oxisol site located in the Brazilian Cerrado region. The experimental area consisted of continuous grazing under variable stocking rates with regular fertilization (CG-RF), continuous cropping under no-till (CC-NT) and no-till with 4-year subsoiling (CC-SS), rotation of one year cropping and three years livestock in the livestock phase (C1-L3), rotation of four years cropping and four years livestock in the cropping phase (CL-4C) and in the livestock phase (CL-4L), and integrated crop-livestock-forestry in the cropping phase (CLF-C) and in the livestock phase (CLF-L). To evaluate water infiltration and soil loss, we used a rainfall simulator with a constant rainfall intensity of 74.9 ± 3.6 mm h−1 in plots of 0.7 m2. We carried out 72 rainfall simulations comprising four repetitions in each treatment under vegetation and bare soil. Stable infiltration rate (SIR) ranged from 45.9 to 74.8 mm h−1 and 19.4 to 70.8 mm h−1 under vegetation covers and bare soil, respectively. Our findings indicated that SIR values under CLF-C were 60% greater than under CG-RF. We also found that soil loss rates under CLF-C were 50% smaller than under CG-RF. The crop–livestock rotation period that presented better results of SIR and soil loss was one year of cropping and three years of livestock (C1-L3). Overall, we noted that SIR and soil loss values under CLF-C are similar to the Cerrado native vegetation. Therefore, our study reveals the opportunity to increase agricultural production, improve food supply, and reduce soil erosion with adequate soil and agricultural management.

scholarly journals Impact Assessment of the Long-Term Fallowed Land on Agricultural Soils and the Possibility of Their Return to Agriculture

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kozak ◽  
Rafał Pudełko
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Positive Assessment ◽  
Large Acreage ◽  
The Impact

Agricultural land abandonment is a process observed in most European countries. In Poland and other countries of Central and Eastern Europe, it was initiated with the political transformation of the 1990s. Currently, in Poland, it concerns over 2 million ha of arable land. Such a large acreage constitutes a resource of land that can be directly restored to agricultural production or perform environmental functions. A new concept for management of fallow/abandoned areas is to start producing biomass for the bioeconomy purposes. Production of perennial crops, especially on poorer soils, requires an appropriate assessment of soil conditions. Therefore, it has become crucial to answer the question: What is the real impact of the fallowing process on soil, and is it possible to return it to production at all? For this purpose, on the selected fallowed land that met the marginality criteria defined under the project, physicochemical tests of soil properties were carried out, and subsequently, the results were compared with those of the neighboring agricultural land and with the soil valuation of the fallow land, which was conducted during its past agricultural use. The work was mainly aimed at analyzing the impact of long-term fallowing on soil pH, carbon sequestration and nutrient content, e.g., phosphorus and potassium. The result of the work is a positive assessment of the possibility of restoring fallowed land for agricultural production, including the production of biomass for non-agricultural purposes. Among the studied types of fallow plots, the fields where goldenrod (Solidago L.—invasive species) appeared were indicated as the areas most affected by soil degradation.

scholarly journals The atractiveness of apple production in the Czech Republic

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagmar Kudová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
Market Price ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Fruit Consumption ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Apple Production ◽  
Evaluation Matrix

The paper deals with evaluation of attractiveness of apple production in the Czech Republic using the Industry attractiveness evaluation matrix according to the methodology of Higgins and Vincze (1989). It identifies the key criteria for evaluation of attractiveness from five fields: market factors, competition factors, financial and economic factors, technological factors, and socio-political factors. The key criteria are described in detail and evaluated from the viewpoint of a producer operating in the apple production industry. The text comes from the papers from the field of fruit production and apple production published by Kudová (2003, 2004, 2005) and Chládková (2003). Application of these methods on other industries was applied by Žufan et al. (2001) and Tomšík, and Žufan (2004).According to the data of the Division of Perennial Plants of the Central Institutte for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture (CISTA), the number of subjects (firms and growers) operating intensive orchards reaches 1 238 on the area of 18 998 ha. In 2003 the number of subjects was 1 243 on the area of 19 514 ha. The total sales in fruit production were in decline from 1999 to 2005, and the decline of sales of apples grown in intensive orchards in 2005 was 34% in comparison with 2004. In the foreign trade, there significantly prevail imports above exports, and from 2002 to 2004 the imports of apples grew by 220%. The biggest growth of area of orchards was in 2004 – by 211 ha of mature apple-trees, which amounts only for 2% of the total area. In connection with this growth, there grew also the yield. Diversity of the market is based on varietal structure of apple-trees grown. According to the data of CISTA, the current varietal structure is not suitable and its change is very slow. Most of apples are grown in Central Bohemia, which amounts for 11% of the total area, which is more than 2000 ha. We can conclude, that even though the average market price of agricultural land is quite high – 25.76 CZK.m–2, the lands for agricultural use for market production with the area of more than 5 ha have the average price of 5.04 CZK.m–2, which is the country average of the price of agricultural land according to the value index (BPEJ).The costs of establishing an apple-tree orchard amount for CZK 409,000 to CZK 653,000 per hectare – depending on the number of trees per hectare. The average costs of attending an apple-tree orchard are CZK 75.226 per hectare (average for the period of 1998–2003). Profits in this industry are based on selling the harvest through growers-organization or to a cannery, or by storing the fruits in own warehouses (only those with a controlled atmosphere are competitive).Fruit consumption in the Czech Republic is slightly increasing from 1990, and till 2005 it grew by 12.1 kg per person per year (by 18.8%) to the current 76.5 kg per person per year. Apples have an important share on the total fruit consumption, and their consumption grows, as well. The increase in the period of 1990─2005 was 65%. European Union, and the Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic through the State Agricultural Intervention Fund (SZIF) introduce a spectrum of support programmes, in which it is possible to apply for financial support. But it is necessary to emphasize, that many fruit producers are not able to get to these funds because of high administrative demands on filling-in and submitting the proposals.The attractiveness of the Czech apple production is evaluated as below-average; the resulting attractiveness score according to the Industry Attractiveness Evaluation Matrix is 2.41, which means that it is lower than the general average score (3).The paper is a part of solution of the research plan of the Faculty of Business and Economics, MUAF in Brno (No. MSM 6215648904).

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF AGRICULTURAL LANDS BY FARMSIN THE SELENGIN DISTRICT OF THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Nina A. Alexandrova ◽  
Valery B. Zharnikov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Main Factor

N extreme climatic conditions and the unsatisfied state of agricultural land fertility in the Selenga Region, a decline in the production of crop and livestock products is observed. It should be noted that the production volumes of farms comprise agricultural production in the structure of production. district products - 25.2%. In such circumstances, the main factor in the development of the region’s economy and increasing soil fertility should be the organization of the rational use and protection of the land of peasant farms, main agricultural producers in the region.

scholarly journals Problems of sour soil fertility increasing in Tomsk region

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. B. Sorokin ◽  
A. V. Gaag ◽  
Iu. V. Chudinova ◽  
E. A. Sirotina
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Fertilizer Efficiency ◽  
Improve Efficiency ◽  
Tomsk Region

The paper reveals the experimental results of long-term agroecological monitoring of agricultural land, conducted by Tomsk state agrochemical service, and experiments on designing the measures to improve efficiency of acidic arable land. In Tomsk region, 83% of arable land is acidic and the degree of acidity increases annually. Every 10 years weighted average pH is reduced on 0.1-0.2 units; the area of acidic soils increases. There is an urgent need for liming these soils in order to improve efficiency of agricultural production in Tomsk region. According to the calculations, the region requires 3,248 million tons of chalky flour. The region has its own large deposits of limestone, for example Kamenskoe (61 million tons), located 50 km from Tomsk, where it is possible to produce valuable meliorant, increasing efficiency of agricultural production. The authors make case, that for successful development of agricultural production in Tomsk region, it is necessary to design and implement long-term target program “Chalking of acid soils in Tomsk region”, which assumes compensation for agricultural producers for the part of the cost of liming; design and technical support of works; local production of limestone meliorants. Implementation of the acidic soil liming program will increase annual crop production in Tomsk region on 54.9 - 129.2 thousand tons of grain units, therefore it will increase annual income on 494.1 - 1162.8 million rubles (in 2017 prices), as well as ensure further increase in agricultural land fertility with high fertilizer efficiency, product quality and profitability.

scholarly journals The Current View on Redistribution of Subsidies in the Agricultural Sector in Slovakia

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (36) ◽  
pp. 440-446
Author(s):  
Ivana Kravčáková Vozárová
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Current View ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The essential way of realization of the Common Agricultural Policy in EU is through the financial support. One of the basic ways of financial support are subsidies. The huge segment affecting the agricultural sector is necessary to define, describe or classify so that we can might it to best analyse and understand. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the development of agricultural subsidies granted per hectare of agricultural land in Slovakia in terms of territory. The difference between the individual regions was evaluated using one-way analysis of variance. This analysis confirmed the existence of statistically significant differences between the amounts of subsidies per hectare of agricultural land provided to agricultural entities in terms of individual regions. This fact shows that firms in regions with worse natural and climatic conditions achieved a higher amount of financial support than companies in regions where agricultural production has better conditions and a long-term tradition.

ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC JUSTIFICATION OF A LONG-TIME UNUSED LANDS INTRODUCTION INTO AGRICULTURAL CIRCULATION

1970 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
L. V. Kirejcheva ◽  
V. А. Shevchenko ◽  
I. F. Yurchenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Fallow Lands

The paper presents theoretical approaches to assessing the effectiveness of introducing fallow lands into agricultural production, justifying the feasibility the measure implementation. The methodology of ecological and economic case of the introduction of long-term unused lands into agricultural circulation or their transfer to other categories has been developed. A distinctive feature of the proposed solutions is the search for a balance between natural and climatic potential of the territory limitations and the possibilities of agricultural production resource potential, as well as reducing the risk of not achieving the economic efficiency of investments in restoring the economic value of long-term unused lands. The research methodology is based on the generalization and comparative analysis of solutions in the field of management, mathematical statistics, simulation and analytical modeling of a sustainable agroecosystems production process. An algorithm for the land user needs assessment in the growth of agricultural production is presented, the absence of which is a reason to refuse additional areas. The procedures and operations for analyzing the ecological and economic, socio and economic efficiency of the fallow lands using have been established on the basis of which an integral assessment of the feasibility of putting them into operation is carried out. Recommendations are given for calculating the overall economic effect and risk at the final stage of the ecological and economic substantiation of land introduction into agricultural circulation. The fallow agricultural land in agricultural production using will help to increase the efficiency of the Russian government implementation decisions on the development of the domestic agro-industrial complex.

scholarly journals TINJAUAN DEBIT PADA SUMUR AIR TANAH BERBASIS POMPA AIR TENAGA SURYA

TEKNIK HIDRO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Muh. taufik Iqbal ◽  
Kushari Kushari
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Irrigation Network ◽  
Groundwater Irrigation ◽  
Water Pumps

 To optimize the planting of rice plants, groundwater is used as a source of water so that the water needs for agricultural land can be met. Groundwater, which is a source of water, is known to contribute greatly to agricultural production, especially in the dry season. The long-term goal of this research is to increase groundwater discharge using a water pump as a controller of water distribution, alternative energy in the form of solar energy is used to drive the pump engine. During this time the pump is driven by an oil-fueled engine (BBM) which produces CO2 emissions into the air. The use of non-fuel alternative energy is expected to help reduce CO2 emissions so far. The research method begins with a survey and field survey conducted by the groundwater irrigation network in the Pare-Pare district. then search along ground waterways and mark using GPS. Measuring discharge and analyzing the performance of solar water pumps. To optimize the planting of rice plants, groundwater is used as a source of water so that the water needs for agricultural land can be met. Groundwater, which is a source of water, is known to contribute greatly to agricultural production, especially in the dry season. The long-term goal of this research is to increase groundwater discharge using a water pump as a controller of water distribution, alternative energy in the form of solar energy is used to drive the pump engine. During this time the pump is driven by an oil-fueled engine (BBM) which produces CO2 emissions into the air. The use of non-fuel alternative energy is expected to help reduce CO2 emissions so far. The research method begins with a survey and field survey conducted by the groundwater irrigation network in the Pare-Pare district. then search along ground waterways and mark using GPS. Measuring discharge and analyzing the performance of solar water pumps.

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