scholarly journals The role of nanotechnology in revolutionizing energy sector

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Maksimović ◽  
Miodrag Forcan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Produce Change ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Entire Energy ◽  
Sustainable Energy Systems

The need for modernization of the existing energy sector is driven by globally increasing energy demand, rising carbon emissions, global warming, and climate change. The world tends towards the sustainable and more environmentally friendly energy sector that will meet future energy demands by reducing the usage of raw and non-renewable materials and resources and decreasing energy consumption and pollution. Nanotechnology, as one of the key technologies of the 21st Century, holds the potential to revolutionize the entire energy sector, contributing to the development of more efficient and sustainable energy systems. The implementation of nanotechnology in the energy sector is in the various stages of research, development, and deployment. Nanotechnology’s solutions and approaches can help create innovative ways to produce, change, distribute, store and consume energy. This paper attempts to summarize some of the current nanotechnology applications in energy sector, emphasizing the associated benefits as well as risks and concerns. Present nanotechnology-based solution and approaches used in the energy sector confirms nanotechnology's potential to revolutionize the entire energy sector. Alongside the growing use of nanomaterials and nanoproducts, uncertainties on the nanotechnology potentially harmful influence on the environment, health, and safety rise as well, representing a main concern related to nanotechnology applications. In addition to the technological feasibility of the nanotechnology implementation in the energy sector, a wide range of other conditions, such as political, economical and social, influence the rate of implementation and acceptance of nanotechnological innovations in the energy sector.

Glucose sparing by glycogenolysis (GSG) determines the relationship between brain metabolism and neurotransmission

2022 ◽  
pp. 0271678X2110643
Author(s):  
Douglas L Rothman ◽  
Gerald A Dienel ◽  
Kevin L Behar ◽  
Fahmeed Hyder ◽  
Mauro DiNuzzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mechanistic Explanation ◽  
Glycogen Metabolism ◽  
Tree Shrews ◽  
Metabolic Fluxes ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
The Relationship

Over the last two decades, it has been established that glucose metabolic fluxes in neurons and astrocytes are proportional to the rates of the glutamate/GABA-glutamine neurotransmitter cycles in close to 1:1 stoichiometries across a wide range of functional energy demands. However, there is presently no mechanistic explanation for these relationships. We present here a theoretical meta-analysis that tests whether the brain’s unique compartmentation of glycogen metabolism in the astrocyte and the requirement for neuronal glucose homeostasis lead to the observed stoichiometries. We found that blood-brain barrier glucose transport can be limiting during activation and that the energy demand could only be met if glycogenolysis supports neuronal glucose metabolism by replacing the glucose consumed by astrocytes, a mechanism we call Glucose Sparing by Glycogenolysis (GSG). The predictions of the GSG model are in excellent agreement with a wide range of experimental results from rats, mice, tree shrews, and humans, which were previously unexplained. Glycogenolysis and glucose sparing dictate the energy available to support neuronal activity, thus playing a fundamental role in brain function in health and disease.

Occupational and Environmental Health

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Occupational Health ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Environmental Sciences ◽  
Wide Range

This thoroughly updated seventh edition is a comprehensive, clearly written, and practical textbook that includes information on both occupational health and environmental health, providing the necessary foundation for recognizing and preventing work-related and environmentally induced diseases and injuries. National and international experts share their knowledge and practical experience in addressing a wide range of issues and evolving challenges in their fields. A multidisciplinary approach makes this an ideal textbook for students and practitioners in public health, occupational and environmental medicine, occupational health nursing, epidemiology, toxicology, occupational and environmental hygiene, safety, ergonomics, environmental sciences, and other fields. Comprehensive coverage provides a clear understanding of occupational and environmental health and its relationships to public health, environmental sciences, and government policy. Practical case studies demonstrate how to apply the basic principles of occupational and environmental health to real-world challenges. Numerous tables, graphs, and photographs reinforce key concepts. Annotated Further Reading sections at the end of chapters provide avenues for obtaining further infomation. This new edition of the book is thoroughly updated and also contains new chapters on climate change, children’s environmental health, liver disorders, kidney disorders, and a global perspective on occupational health and safety.

scholarly journals Experimental Data and Simulations of Performance and Thermal Comfort in a Typical Mediterranean House

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3311
Author(s):  
Víctor Pérez-Andreu ◽  
Carolina Aparicio-Fernández ◽  
José-Luis Vivancos ◽  
Javier Cárcel-Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Dwelling House ◽  
Account Standard

The number of buildings renovated following the introduction of European energy-efficiency policy represents a small number of buildings in Spain. So, the main Spanish building stock needs an urgent energy renovation. Using passive strategies is essential, and thermal characterization and predictive tests of the energy-efficiency improvements achieving acceptable levels of comfort for their users are urgently necessary. This study analyzes the energy performance and thermal comfort of the users in a typical Mediterranean dwelling house. A transient simulation has been used to acquire the scope of Spanish standards for its energy rehabilitation, taking into account standard comfort conditions. The work is based on thermal monitoring of the building and a numerical validated model developed in TRNSYS. Energy demands for different models have been calculated considering different passive constructive measures combined with real wind site conditions and the behavior of users related to natural ventilation. This methodology has given us the necessary information to decide the best solution in relation to energy demand and facility of implementation. The thermal comfort for different models is not directly related to energy demand and has allowed checking when and where the measures need to be done.

scholarly journals The IDEAL household energy dataset, electricity, gas, contextual sensor data and survey data for 255 UK homes

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Pullinger ◽  
Jonathan Kilgour ◽  
Nigel Goddard ◽  
Niklas Berliner ◽  
Lynda Webb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Power Measurement ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Energy Awareness ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Ideal

AbstractThe IDEAL household energy dataset described here comprises electricity, gas and contextual data from 255 UK homes over a 23-month period ending in June 2018, with a mean participation duration of 286 days. Sensors gathered 1-second electricity data, pulse-level gas data, 12-second temperature, humidity and light data for each room, and 12-second temperature data from boiler pipes for central heating and hot water. 39 homes also included plug-level monitoring of selected electrical appliances, real-power measurement of mains electricity and key sub-circuits, and more detailed temperature monitoring of gas- and heat-using equipment, including radiators and taps. Survey data included occupant demographics, values, attitudes and self-reported energy awareness, household income, energy tariffs, and building, room and appliance characteristics. Linked secondary data comprises weather and level of urbanisation. The data is provided in comma-separated format with a custom-built API to facilitate usage, and has been cleaned and documented. The data has a wide range of applications, including investigating energy demand patterns and drivers, modelling building performance, and undertaking Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring research.

scholarly journals Molecularly Imprinted Polymer-Based Sensors for Priority Pollutants

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2406
Author(s):  
Mashaalah Zarejousheghani ◽  
Parvaneh Rahimi ◽  
Helko Borsdorf ◽  
Stefan Zimmermann ◽  
Yvonne Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Selective Adsorption ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Priority Pollutants ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Wide Range

Globally, there is growing concern about the health risks of water and air pollution. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has developed a list of priority pollutants containing 129 different chemical compounds. All of these chemicals are of significant interest due to their serious health and safety issues. Permanent exposure to some concentrations of these chemicals can cause severe and irrecoverable health effects, which can be easily prevented by their early identification. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) offer great potential for selective adsorption of chemicals from water and air samples. These selective artificial bio(mimetic) receptors are promising candidates for modification of sensors, especially disposable sensors, due to their low-cost, long-term stability, ease of engineering, simplicity of production and their applicability for a wide range of targets. Herein, innovative strategies used to develop MIP-based sensors for EPA priority pollutants will be reviewed.

Developing low-cost methane gas concentration measuring device

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Md. Mahidy Hossain ◽  
Nadim Khandaker
Keyword(s):  
Promising Result ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Methane Content ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Methane Generation ◽  
Methane Gas ◽  
Wide Range

In every aspect of Engineering more advanced, efficient and progressive solutions are required. The modern age of science requires innovative minds. The field of environmental engineering is also advancing with modern science and technology innovations. Measuring of methane concentration and flow rate is nothing new, yet a complicated process. The need for more accurate measurement is a necessity in proper operation of bio digesters for methane generation. The traditional process of the measuring methane content in biogas is time consuming yet complicated. The need for development and application of methane measurement techniques is not only limited to biogas but has other monitoring value as well in other health and safety applications in built environments. Winsen Electronics and Hanwei Electronics are two of the leading sensor-manufactures of China who are providing a wide range of gas detecting sensors that are locally available in Bangladesh and yet has not been applied to methane content measurement in biogas operations. In This paper we are reporting on the application of a purpose-built propane, butane detector for methane gas detection within the range of accuracy for it to be applied in methane detection in a biogas stream. This paper, reports on application and calibration of the methane detecting sensor MQ-4 with promising result. Based on the study we postulate that the sensor can be used to detect methane for an on-line monitoring of many environmental, industrial purposes such as bio digesters, integrated waste management facility. The cost of fabrication of the sensor system is only $18 making it a viable sensor with respect to cost for application in Bangladesh.

Model Child Care Health Policies

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Early Education ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
After School ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Care Health ◽  
Child Care Facilities

Significantly revised and updated, the new Model Child Care Health Policies, 5th Edition is a must-have tool to foster adoption and implemenation of best practices for health and safety in group care settings for young children. These settings include early care and education as well as before and after school child care programs. These model policies are intended to ease the burden of writing site-specific health and safety policies from scratch. They cover a wide range of aspects of operation of early education and child care programs. Child care programs of any type can use Model Child Care Health Policies by selecting relevant issues for their operation and modifying the wording to make selected policies appropriate to the specific settings. These settings include early education and child care centers, small and large family child care homes, part day-programs for ill children, facilities that serve children with special needs, school-age child care facilities, and drop-in facilities. The model policies can be adapted for public, private, Head Start, and tuition-funded facilities. All of the most commonly covered health and safety topics the National Association of Child Care Resource and Referral Agencies found in state regulations are included in this guide.

Energy consumption optimization for AC drives position control

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Branislav Ftorek ◽  
Milan Saga ◽  
Pavol Orsansky ◽  
Jan Vittek ◽  
Peter Butko
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ac Drives ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Energy Consumption Optimization

Purpose The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the two energy saving position control strategies for AC drives valid for a wide range of boundary conditions including an analysis of their energy expenses. Design/methodology/approach For energy demands analysis, the optimal energy control based on mechanical and electrical losses minimization is compared with the near-optimal one based on symmetrical trapezoidal speed profile. Both control strategies respect prescribed maneuver time and define acceleration profile for preplanned rest-to-rest maneuver. Findings Presented simulations confirm lower total energy expenditures of energy optimal control if compared with near-optimal one, but the differences are only small due to the fact that two energy saving strategies are compared. Research limitations/implications Developed overall control system consisting of energy saving profile generator, pre-compensator and position control system respecting principles of field-oriented control is capable to track precomputed state variables precisely. Practical implications Energy demands of both control strategies are verified and compared to simulations and preliminary experiments. The possibilities of energy savings were confirmed for both control strategies. Originality/value Experimental verification of designed control structure is sufficiently promising and confirmed assumed energy savings.

scholarly journals Mexico’s energy reform: experience and lessons of the energy sector transformation in South America

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-619
Author(s):  
Elvis Ojeda Kalluni ◽  
Elmira A Chadaeva
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Safe Delivery ◽  
Energy Complex ◽  
Current State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Energy Reform

The study of fuel and energy complex of Mexico occupies a very important place in the world’s leading research centers. Among Russian and foreign studies there are a number of works that consider the problems and peculiarities of fuel and energy complex of the countries of Latin America including Mexico. This article is devoted to the analysis of Mexico’s energy reform and use their experiences to transform the energy sector of the countries of South America. Presents the history of the Mexican energy reform. Discusses basic principles of energy reform and energy security of the country. It also examines the factors that Mexico should include in its energy policy and management system to ensure the safe delivery of energy across the country. Offers a brief overview of the current state of TEK of Mexico. Mexico has a large and varied potential for producing energy from renewable sources. With the recent opening of the energy sector, the country has the necessary conditions to attract major investments to develop projects on renewable energy. The liberalization of the sector allows Mexico to meet the growing energy demand and to diversify its productive matrix, creating at the same time as energy security and reduce greenhouse gases, positively affecting the environment. Reform of the energy sector of Mexico and the analysis of the sector in this country can be of great importance for the transformation of the energy sector in many countries of the region, especially in places such as Argentina, Brazil and Venezuela.

scholarly journals Abatement cost for selectivity negative emissions technology in power plant Indonesia with aim/end-use model

2021 ◽  
Vol 894 (1) ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
Z D Nurfajrin ◽  
B Satiyawira
Keyword(s):  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Abatement Cost ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Cost Curve ◽  
Baseline Scenario ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
End Use

Abstract The Indonesian government has followed up the Paris Agreement with Law No. 16 of 2016 by setting an ambitious emission reduction target of 29% by 2030, and this figure could even increase to 41% if supported by international assistance. In line with this, mitigation efforts are carried out in the energy sector. Especially in the energy sector, it can have a significant impact when compared to other sectors due to an increase in energy demand, rapid economic growth, and an increase in living standards that will push the rate of emission growth in the energy sector up to 6. 7% per year. The bottom-up AIM/end-use energy model can select the technologies in the energy sector that are optimal in reducing emissions and costs as a long-term strategy in developing national low-carbon technology. This model can use the Marginal Abatement Cost (MAC) approach to evaluate the potential for GHG emission reductions by adding a certain amount of costs for each selected technology in the target year compared to the reference technology in the baseline scenario. In this study, three scenarios were used as mitigation actions, namely CM1, CM2, CM3. The Abatement Cost Curve tools with an assumed optimum tax value of 100 USD/ton CO2eq, in the highest GHG emission reduction potential, are in the CM3 scenario, which has the most significant reduction potential, and the mitigation costs are not much different from other scenarios. For example, PLTU – supercritical, which can reduce a significant GHG of 37.39 Mtoe CO2eq with an emission reduction cost of -23.66 $/Mtoe CO2eq.

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