scholarly journals Methodology of studying art: sociology, culturology, and art history

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
Evgenii Aleksandrovich Popov
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Modern Art ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Scientific Fields

This article describes the capabilities of methodology of studying art in the three interrelated scientific fields – sociology, culturology, and art history. Emphasis is placed on determination of the key criteria of comprehensive approach towards the analysis of art: each of the three scientific fields may have its own unique criteria for such analysis, but there also universal criteria that allow most fully assessing the essence and purpose of art, considering the general trends of its development in modern reality. The subject of this research is the methodology of comprehensive analysis of art using the instruments of sociology, culturology, and art history. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) disclosure of the content of the methodology of studying art; 2) determination of various criteria for comprehensive analysis of art within the framework of sociology, culturology, and art history; 3) demonstration of capabilities of using certain criteria in analyzing the essence of art and artworks; 4) focus on the social dimension of art, touching upon the heuristic value of the methods of applied sociological research; 5) characteristics of the capabilities of studying the symbolic nature of art in the context of culturology; 6) assessment of the development trends of the methodology of modern art history.

scholarly journals Philosophical reception in modern art history

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Aleksandrovich Popov
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Modern Art ◽  
Philosophy Of Art ◽  
Collective Consciousness ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
The Subject

This article explores the applicability of philosophical reception in terms of analysis of the phenomenon and the essence of art and artworks. The goal of this research lies in substantiation of the need for proliferation of the philosophical reception in art history for the holistic study of art in the aspect of its “ontologization”. Emphasis is placed on the fact that modern art history sets the tone in examination of the formal and substantive sides of art, its types and genres. Methodological and theoretical framework for art history is the philosophy of art, which recently however does not hold the leading position in the analysis of art, and even yields to aesthetics. The problem of comprehending the essence of art and the value role of artwork in life of a person and society remains open. It is rather not the subject of close attention of the art historians, but may become such. Thus, the art history analysis should be complemented with the philosophical reception. Namely this aspect is given special attention in this research. Philosophical reception is a peculiar algorithm for understanding the meanings and ideas of the artwork, as well as realization of the essence of this phenomenon. Art is often viewed as one of the forms of collective consciousness (along with science, mythology, etc.); however, the philosophical reception helps to establish the value-semantic nature of art that prevails over the social and aesthetic. Comprehension of any genre or type of art through the prism of art history is essentially refracted in the philosophical reception. In this case, the researcher is able not only assess the style and genre nature of the artwork, but also to trace its position in the turn of eras, personality concepts, ideologies, and worldviews. It is undoubtedly gives an apparent advantage to any modern researcher who aims to perceive the essence of art.

scholarly journals The Relevance of Inequality Research in Sociology for Inequality Reduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 237802312110201
Author(s):  
Thomas A. DiPrete ◽  
Brittany N. Fox-Williams
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Life Chances ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Large Scale Change ◽  
The Subject

Social inequality is a central topic of research in the social sciences. Decades of research have deepened our understanding of the characteristics and causes of social inequality. At the same time, social inequality has markedly increased during the past 40 years, and progress on reducing poverty and improving the life chances of Americans in the bottom half of the distribution has been frustratingly slow. How useful has sociological research been to the task of reducing inequality? The authors analyze the stance taken by sociological research on the subject of reducing inequality. They identify an imbalance in the literature between the discipline’s continual efforts to motivate the plausibility of large-scale change and its lesser efforts to identify feasible strategies of change either through social policy or by enhancing individual and local agency with the potential to cumulate into meaningful progress on inequality reduction.

Communication in social networks of St. Petersburg as a means of adaptation of ethnocultural communities

Litera ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 38-55
Author(s):  
Rivaa Mukhammad Salem Alsalibi
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Development Prospects

The subject of this research is the specifics, forms and functions of interaction in social media groups between the representatives of ethnic communities. The goal consists in determination of the role of social networks in adaptation of ethnocultural communities of St. Petersburg. The research is based on the polling technique for acquisition of information on the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral state of a person. The survey was conducted via distribution of questionnaires among the representatives of ethnic groups. The article also employs the method of systematic scientific observation over the social media groups, topic raised therein, as well as reading and analysis of the comments. The scientific novelty of this work consists in outlining of the nature, trends and development prospects of cross-cultural communications as the channel for ethnocultural interaction.  The main conclusions, which touch upon users from various ethnic communities who do not have enough experience in organization of activity of social media groups, demonstrate that it causes the loss of the sense of security, accumulation of prejudices and escalation of interethnic conflicts, as well as preference of the with restricted access, which contributes to lock down of the group and impedes adaptation in the accepting society. Stabilization of situation can be achieved by improvement of the quality of content posted in the social media, as well as level of their administration.

Grotesque Possible Worlds

Tekstualia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 325-339
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Starnawski
Keyword(s):  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Possible Worlds ◽  
Thomas Mann ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Community Relations ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Grotesque

The author of the articles shows that the grotesque is one of the most interesting ways of diagnosing changes and crisis in the anthroposphere (as a continuation of thinking about the subject from the middle of the seventeenth century through to postmodernity). According to Thomas Mann, the grotesque is one the most active notions in contemporary art. Its productivity results from the subject’s tendency to self-fulfilment, self-cognition, and self-definition; it is an independent vision and position in the “me – the world”, “me – community” relations. The grotesque is a strongly philosophical proposition, which bases its discourse on a conscious protest against present values and on transgressing all limiting and oppressive conventions. Therefore, the grotesque enhances the status of the subject, but it neither defends nor affi rms the subject in a direct manner. Apart from the social dimension, the grotesque also has numerous metaphysical references, the expression of which can be found in Kierkegaardian understanding of the metaphysical crisis as despair. Facing piercing emptiness, the human being tries to find some support and resorts to anything only to make a leap into the future. Laughter is only a manifestation of horror vacui, a specific dialectic moment devoid of any prospect of purification or comfort. What dominates a grotesque work is its open structure. The motifs which shape the spatiotemporal order do not always form a cause-and-effect system. Deliberately incoherent themes (logical coherence is not an aim) seem to be rather “deconstructors”, not constructors of the plot; they are intermittent, provoke the impression of a secret, a gleam, the absurd.

scholarly journals FACTORS OF FORMATION OF LIFE STRATEGIES OF STUDENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
N.Y. Lapkin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Life Strategies ◽  
Mechanism Of Formation ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
Family And Household ◽  
Regional Settlement

The article deals with the actual problems of forming life strategies of students. The student youth is considered as a certain part of the human resources and represents a certain part of the youth, which has both common and specific features with its youth. The formation of life strategies of students is influenced by various factors. These factors include: educational, socio-cultural, material and property, family and household, regional settlement. The degree of influence of these factors has not been fully investigated. They require specific details and in-depth sociological research. The article presents the mechanism of formation of life strategies of students as a complex contradictory process that determines the purposeful construction of their future, is revealed in specific life situations related to choice and is implemented through identification mechanisms. The analysis of life strategies of students shows that the leading role in their construction belongs to external factors that affect the social behaviour of young people. The definition and formation of life strategies of the student youth in many respects depends on a set of resources that are owned by young people. The article shows that the basis for constructing life strategies are value orientations, which are currently subject to significant transformation. This greatly complicates the process of value self-determination of modern students. Research on this issue allows us to conclude that students strive for their own responsible design of their lives, but for most students, the main priority and leading motive in the formation of life strategies is not their own individuality, but the social environment with its own values and guidelines.

scholarly journals On the relevant questions of usage of information technologies for preventive purposes in oversight activity of the executive branch of government

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Nikolaevna Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Close Integration

The subject of this research is the legal norms regulating the usage of digital technologies in oversight activity of the executive branch of government, as well as law enforcement practice of utilization of digital technologies for preventive purposes in oversight activity of the executive branch of government. The object of this research is the social relations establishing in the process of digitalization of the prevention of violations of mandatory requirements. The author examines such aspects as usage of artificial intelligence in prevention of violations of mandatory requirements, as well as analyzes the implementation of “digital control” preventive purposes of oversight activity of the executive branch of government. The main conclusions of the conducted research consists in determination of positive experience from implementation of digital technologies for preventing violations of mandatory requirements, as well as in proposal of the new ways of using digital technologies for improving the effectiveness of implementation of preventive vector of oversight activity. The author also revealed a number of problems that may arise in case of close integration of digital technologies into preventive vector of oversight activity. The novelty consists in the fact that this article is first to explore the question of digitalization of prevention of violations of mandatory requirements, analyze the prospects of usage of digital technologies, as well as outline the “problematic” aspects of the phenomenon under consideration.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of the mechanism of addressing the needs of modern youth

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-68
Author(s):  
Yuliya Viktorovna Karavaeva ◽  
Svetlana Viktorovna Litvinova
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Probability Assessment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Major Attention

This article presents the results of research of individual needs from the perspective of determination of the peculiarities of mechanism for their fulfillment. The author reviews needs of the youth as a complex dynamically changing social group. In analyzing the intentions of young people, major attention is given to the level of tension in the state of young people, probability assessment of accomplishment of desires and aspirations, dynamicity and elasticity of the needs. The research is conducted on the levels of person’s knowledge on how to achieve the goals, estimation of previous activity aimed at fulfilling the needs, frequency and degree of fulfilling the needs. The article presents sociological survey reflecting the desires and aspiration of youth of Lipetsk through determination of their currently relevant needs; it involved 451 persons aged from 16 to 35, for the period from December 2019 to February 2020. The key characteristic of intention and potential for fulfilling the needs of young people were identified. The acquired data were compared with the results of other sociological research. It is underlined that all characteristics are directly related to the living conditions and interconnected with each other. The author determine the external aspect, which manifests in the importance of actions oriented towards satisfaction of personal need and needs of others, as well as correspondence of the process of fulfilling the need to the social norms and traditions.

scholarly journals Approach towards classification of the types of legal responsibility

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Konstantin Evgenevich Shilekhin
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Legal Responsibility ◽  
Close Link ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Tax Fraud ◽  
Definition Of

The subject of this research is the social relations in the context of bringing to legal responsibility, as well as normative legal acts and scientific literature that reflect such relations. The problem of classification of the types of legal responsibility is relevant in the context of substantiation of the autonomy of its individual types. The attempts to substantiate the autonomy of one or another type of legal responsibility entail the revision of the grounds for classification. The goal of this article consists in revealing the natural grounds for definition of the concept of “legal responsibility” to build consistent and exhaustive classification. The main conclusion lies in determination of the criterion for classification of the types of legal responsibility. Emphasis is placed on the social relations underlying the legal relations, namely legal relations in the area of bringing to legal responsibility. On the example of responsibility for committing tax fraud, the article demonstrates the failure of attempts to find qualification criteria on the basis of the normative legal acts outside the entirety of social relations. The article determines the close link between social relations in the economic sphere, as well as their impact upon legal relations emerging in the context of bringing to legal responsibility as a whole and administrative responsibility in particular.

Development of Social Education in Russia in the Late XIX – Early XX Century: Spiritual and Moral Aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
V.V. Sizikova ◽  
◽  
O.A. Anikeeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
Social Education ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject

the subject of this research is formation and development of social education in Russia in the late XIX – early XX century in its moral and spiritual aspects. Social and pedagogical experiments in that period were merged with the process of origin and formation of social education. Search of the cultural axis of the professions aimed at the social help and support of the population became the feature of this process in Russia. The answer was found in an appeal to the theological aspects of social education. The methodological basis of the study is the concept of cultural and moral continuity and continuity of social education, as well as recognition of not only the social but also the spiritual value of social assistance. Research methods are complex: this is a comparative historical study, text analysis, stratification analysis and study of subcultures, a modeling method. The main research problem is the analysis of the correlation of standardization and formalization of social education and its spiritual and moral essence, the problem of motivating the activities of specialists in the social sphere and the threat of its emasculation. The findings of this study are important for meaningful formation of the modern social formation and determination of its spiritual and moral foundations.

Kunstgeschichte

2008 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Current Literature ◽  
Art History ◽  
Seventh Edition ◽  
Standard Work ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

The standard work for students and teachers of art history: a determination of the subject of the field is followed by a presentation of the means and methods of the art historian and finally a look at the relationship to the neighbouring disciplines. With numerous further references and reading tips the volume is more than just an "introduction" into the subject for art history students. For this seventh edition all articles were reviewed, some revised and updated with current literature references.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document