scholarly journals Ficolin-2 inhibitors are present in sera after prolonged storage at −80 °C

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimball Aaron Geno ◽  
Richard E. Kennedy ◽  
Patricia Sawyer ◽  
Cynthia J. Brown ◽  
Moon H. Nahm
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Lectin Pathway ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Fresh Serum ◽  
Cellular Debris

Ficolins can activate the lectin pathway of the complement system that provides innate immune protection against pathogens, marks host cellular debris for clearance, and promotes inflammation. Baseline inflammation increases with aging in a phenomenon known as “inflammaging.” Although IL-6 and C-reactive protein are known to increase with age, contributions of many complement factors, including ficolins, to inflammaging have been little studied.Ficolin-2 is abundant in human serum and can recognize many target structures; therefore, ficolin-2 has potential to contribute to inflammaging. We hypothesized that inflammaging would alter ficolin-2 levels among older adults and examined 360 archived sera collected from older individuals. We found that these sera had apparently reduced ficolin-2 levels and that 84.2% of archived sera exhibited ficolin-2 inhibitors, which suppressed apparent amounts of ficolin-2 detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Fresh serum samples were obtained from donors whose archived sera showed inhibitors, but the fresh sera did not have ficolin-2 inhibitors. Ficolin-2 inhibitors were present in other long-stored sera from younger persons. Furthermore, noninhibiting samples and fresh sera from older adults had apparently normal amounts of ficolin-2. Thus, ficolin-2 inhibitors may arise as an artifact of long-term storage of serum at −80 °C.

scholarly journals Detection of C-Reactive Protein Using Histag-HRP Functionalized Nanoconjugate with Signal Amplified Immunoassay

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1240
Author(s):  
Mohd Farhan Siddiqui ◽  
Zeeshan Ahmad Khan ◽  
Seungkyung Park
Keyword(s):  
Detection Methods ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Elisa Format ◽  
Early Biomarker ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Detection Of Biomarkers ◽  
Gold Nanoprobe

Ultrasensitive detection of biomarkers is highly significant for disease prognosis and public health treatment. Despite wide acceptance in routine laboratory tests, the conventional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been of limited use for early biomarker detection due to insufficient sensitivity and multiple long incubation time. Several nanoprobes have been introduced to circumvent the limitation, however, rapid, simple, and chemical-free nanoprobe synthesis and sensitive detection methods, particularly for ELISA, are still lacking. In this study, we have synthesized a gold nanoprobe, conjugated with multiple 6X-histidine (6X-his) peptide and nickel-horseradish peroxidase (Ni2+-HRP), for enhancing the colorimetric signal in ELISA. The developed nanoprobe has been tested for the detection of immunologically significant C-reactive protein (CRP) in ELISA format. The performance of designed probe is validated by testing standard and serum samples, and the detection limit of 32.0 pg/mL with R2 = 0.98 is confirmed. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of the developed nanoprobe was performed with ELISA developed on conventional guidelines, the proposed immunoassay showed an increase of 12-fold sensitivity for detecting CRP due to the high loading of 6Xhis peptide and binding of multiple Ni2+-HRP on a gold nanoparticle. Additionally, the proposed assay provides a simple, fast, and cost-efficient (not requiring multiple antibodies) detection of CRP with easy nanoprobe synthesis. Moreover, the developed Histag-HRP functionalized nanoconjugate immunoassay is flexible and can be applied to other biomarkers efficiently by using disease specific antibody.

scholarly journals Toxoplasmosis and Its Potential Role to Change the Levels of C - reactive protein and Vitamin D3 in Atherosclerosis Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1787-1792
Author(s):  
Israa Salim Musa ◽  
Entsar Jabbar Saheb ◽  
Rasha Hussain Kuba
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Artery Wall ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Reactive Protein

Atherosclerosis is a condition of the hardening of a blood vessel via the development of plaques around the artery wall which causes the artery to narrow, leading to severe complications. Toxoplasmosis is an opportunistic parasitic infection that causes pathological complications in immunocompromised patients, which lead to increase the burden on the immune system in these patients. This study aims to assess the incidence rate of toxoplasmosis in atherosclerosis patients and its potential to change C - reactive protein (C-RP) and vitamin D3 levels. Serum samples (150) were tested for the positivity of anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibodies by means of Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, C-RP was assessed in all serum samples by means of Latex Fixation Test, while VtD3 was estimated by MiniVidas device. The results revealed that the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in atherosclerotic patients was comparatively higher as compared to that in the control group, with significant differences in C-RP and VtD3 levels. These results suggest that the decreased levels of VD3 lead to increase the incidence of T. gondii infection in atherosclerosis patients.

scholarly journals Effect of Storage Temperature and Time on Stability of Liver Enzymes in Blood Serum

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 296-301
Author(s):  
Shadi Kolahdoozan ◽  
Sadaf G. Sepanlou ◽  
Maryam Sharafkhah ◽  
Elaheh Shaker ◽  
Ameneh Shayanrad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Almost All

Background: It is increasingly common to collect and store specimens for future unspecified research. However, the effects of prolonged storage on the stability and quality of analytes in serum have not been well investigated. We aimed to determine whether the stability of liver enzymes extracted from frozen bio-samples stored at the baseline is affected by storage conditions. Methods: A total of four liver enzymes in the sera of 400 patients were examined following storage. After deter-mining the baseline measurements, the serum of each patient was aliquoted and stored at −70°C for three and six months, as well as one, two, and five years after collecting the original sample. The percent change from baseline measurements was calculated both statistically and clinically. Linear models were also used to correct the results of the samples based on the time they were frozen. Results: In almost all samples, liver enzymes were detectable until two years after the baseline, while in a signifi-cant proportion of samples, enzymes were not ultimately detectable five years after the baseline. Linear regression analysis on log-transformed levels of enzymes shows that the performance is acceptable until one year after the baseline. The performance of the prediction model declines substantially two and five years after the baseline, except for GGT. Conclusion: Long-term storage of serum samples significantly decreases the concentration of the liver enzymes from the baseline, except for GGT. It is not recommended to store samples for more than two years, as liver en-zymes are not detectable afterwards.

Effect of Sample Storage on the Assay of Lipoprotein(a) by Commercially Available Radial Immunodiffusion and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kits

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Y Craig ◽  
S E Poulin ◽  
N R Forster ◽  
L M Neveux ◽  
N J Wald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Radial Immunodiffusion ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Calibration Materials ◽  
Term Storage

Abstract Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] was measured by both a radial immunodiffusion (RID) kit from Immuno AG (Zurich, Switzerland) and a Tint Elize enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit from CytRx Biopool Ltd. (Umeå, Sweden) in serum samples that had been stored at -20 and -70 degrees C for six months. Storage temperature had no significant effect on the Lp(a) concentrations obtained by either method. After six months, mean Lp(a) degradation was 46% (95% confidence interval, 34-58%) with the RID kit; the ELISA data could not be compared between time points. In fresh sera, Lp(a) concentrations obtained by RID were 41% higher than by ELISA (because of differences in assay calibration materials), but in paired measurements of a set of 215 samples stored at -40 degrees C for an average of 10 years, Lp(a) concentrations were 62% lower by RID. This suggests that RID is more sensitive to the effects of long-term storage than is ELISA.

scholarly journals Inflammation is associated with future depressive symptoms among older adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Bondy ◽  
Sara Norton ◽  
Michaela Voss ◽  
Rebecca Marks ◽  
Michael J. Boudreaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Aging Network

Inflammation has been reliably associated with depression. However, the directionality of this association is poorly understood, with evidence that elevated inflammation may promote and precede the development of depression and arise following its expression. Using data from older adults (N = 1,072, ages 60-73) who participated in the ongoing longitudinal St. Louis Personality and Aging Network (SPAN) study, we examined whether inflammatory markers (interleukin-6: IL-6, C-reactive protein: CRP, and tumor necrosis factor α: TNFα) and depression were prospectively predictive of one another. Fasting serum samples and self-reports of depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory-II) were obtained from participants at 2 sessions approximately 2.2 years apart. After accounting for baseline depression symptoms, baseline IL-6 and CRP, but not baseline TNFα, were associated with elevated depressive symptoms at the follow-up session (IL-6: β = 0.08, p = 0.03; CRP: β = 0.08, p = 0.03; TNFα: β = 0.04, p = 0.25). However, after accounting for baseline inflammation, there was no association between depressive symptoms and follow-up inflammatory markers (βs = -0.04-.00, all p > 0.05), indicating that inflammation prospectively predicts depression, but depression does not predict inflammation. These data add to a growing literature suggesting that inflammatory signaling may plausibly promote the development of depression.

scholarly journals Presenting features of COVID-19 in older people: relationships with frailty, inflammation and mortality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Knopp ◽  
Amy Miles ◽  
Thomas E Webb ◽  
Benjamin C Mcloughlin ◽  
Imran Mannan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Immune Activity ◽  
Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cardinal Symptoms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Age Related Changes

AbstractPurposeTo describe the clinical features of COVID-19 in older adults, and relate these to outcomes.MethodsCohort study of 217 individuals (≥70 years) hospitalised with COVID-19, followed up for allcause mortality. Secondary outcomes included cognitive and physical function at discharge. C-reactive protein and neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio were used as measures of immune activity.ResultsCardinal COVID-19 symptoms (fever, dyspnoea, cough) were common but not universal. Inflammation on hospitalisation was lower in frail older adults. Fever, dyspnoea, delirium and inflammation were associated with mortality. Delirium at presentation was an independent risk factor for cognitive decline at discharge.ConclusionsCOVID-19 may present without cardinal symptoms as well as implicate a possible role for age-related changes in immunity in mediating the relationship between frailty and mortality.Key summary pointsAimTo characterise symptoms, key findings and clinical outcomes in older adults with COVID-19Findings12% of older individuals did not present with classical COVID-19 symptoms, though fever, dyspnoea, delirium and raised inflammation were associated with higher mortality. Compared with fitter older individuals, immune activity was lower in frailer patients.MessageCOVID-19 may present without cardinal symptoms as well as implicate a possible role for age-related changes in immunity in mediating the relationship between frailty and mortality.

Perceived Voice Disorders in Older Adults and Impact on Social Interactions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Connie K. Porcaro ◽  
Clare Singer ◽  
Boris Djokic ◽  
Ali A. Danesh ◽  
Ruth Tappen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Voice Disorders ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Vocal Performance ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional

Purpose Many aging individuals, even those who are healthy, report voice changes that can impact their ability to communicate as they once did. While this is commonly reported, most do not seek evaluation or management for this issue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and differences in voice disorders in older adults, along with the effect of fatigue on their social interactions. Method This is a cross-sectional investigation of a community-dwelling sample of individuals aged 60 years or older. Participants completed the Questionnaire on Vocal Performance, the Social Engagement Index subset “Engagement in Social or Leisure Activities,” and the Fatigue Severity Scale. Results Results indicated 32.5% of the 332 participants reported symptoms of voice problems with no difference found between male and female respondents. A slight increase in report of voice problems was noted with each year of age. Participants who self-reported voice problems indicated less interaction in social activities involving communication than those who did not. Finally, as severity of self-reported voice problems increased, an increase was reported by the same individuals for signs of fatigue. Conclusions Voice problems and resulting decreased social interaction are commonly experienced by older individuals. Voice symptoms in older adults have been found to benefit from evidence-based treatment strategies. It is critical to provide education to encourage older individuals to seek appropriate evaluation and management for voice issues through a speech-language pathologist or medical professional.

TBE in Sweden

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
First Time

Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) was isolated for the first time in Sweden in 1958 (from ticks and from 1 tick-borne encephalitis [TBE] patient).1 In 2003, Haglund and colleagues reported the isolation and antigenic and genetic characterization of 14 TBEV strains from Swedish patients (samples collected 1991–1994).2 The first serum sample, from which TBEV was isolated, was obtained 2–10 days after onset of disease and found to be negative for anti-TBEV immunoglobulin M (IgM) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), whereas TBEV-specific IgM (and TBEV-specific immunoglobulin G/cerebrospinal fluid [IgG/CSF] activity) was demonstrated in later serum samples taken during the second phase of the disease.

Age Advantages of Emotional Experience during the COVID-19 Pandemic are Robust, but Diminished Compared to Pre-pandemic Conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Sun ◽  
Disa Sauter
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Selection Strategies ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Prolonged Stress

Getting old is generally seen as unappealing, yet aging confers considerable advantages in several psychological domains (North & Fiske, 2015). In particular, older adults are better off emotionally than younger adults, with aging associated with the so-called “age advantages,” that is, more positive and less negative emotional experiences (Carstensen et al., 2011). Although the age advantages are well established, it is less clear whether they occur under conditions of prolonged stress. In a recent study, Carstensen et al (2020) demonstrated that the age advantages persist during the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting that older adults are able to utilise cognitive and behavioural strategies to ameliorate even sustained stress. Here, we build on Carstensen and colleagues’ work with two studies. In Study 1, we provide a large-scale test of the robustness of Carstensen and colleagues’ finding that older individuals experience more positive and less negative emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic. We measured positive and negative emotions along with age information in 23,629 participants in 63 countries in April-May 2020. In Study 2, we provide a comparison of the age advantages using representative samples collected before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We demonstrate that older people experience less negative emotion than younger people during the prolonged stress of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the advantage of older adults was diminished during the pandemic, pointing to a likely role of older adults use of situation selection strategies (Charles, 2010).

scholarly journals Pestivirus infections in cervids from the Czech Republic

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 191-193
Author(s):  
K. Sedlak ◽  
T. Girma ◽  
J. Holejsovsky
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Border Disease Virus ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Border Disease

372 sera of cervids from the Czech Republic were examined for antibodies to the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and border disease virus (BDV) by competitive-inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and for the presence of the BVDV by AgELISA. Antibodies to BVDV/BDV were found in 0.6% (two positive/305 tested) red deer (<I>Cervus elaphus</I>). BVDV/BDV antibodies were not found in four sika deer (<I>Cervus Nippon</I>) and 63 fallow deer (<I>Dama dama</I>). All serum samples were BVDV antigen negative. Our results confirmed that red deer in the Czech Republic are only rarely infected with Pestiviruses. This was the first survey of pestiviruses in farmed and wild cervids in the Czech Republic.

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