scholarly journals Bacterial inoculations can perturb the growth trajectory of diatoms with an existing microbiome

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8352
Author(s):  
Lydia J. Baker ◽  
Paul F. Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Growth Medium ◽  
Growth Trajectory ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Batch Cultures ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Peak Abundance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Harmful Effects

Inoculation of axenic diatom monocultures with individual bacterial strains has been used effectively to examine the relationship between bacteria and a diatom host. Both beneficial and harmful effects on diatom fitness have been observed. Yet, diatoms commonly host a consortium of bacteria that could influence their response to perturbation by bacterial inoculations. In this study, diatom cultures with an existing microbiome were inoculated with individual bacterial strains. Strains of two genera of bacteria commonly found associated with diatoms (Alteromonas and Marinobacter) were isolated from a culture of the diatom Chaetoceros sp. KBDT20. To evaluate whether bacterial inoculations can impact the growth, peak abundance, or decline of diatoms with an intact microbiome, individual bacterial strains were inoculated into batch cultures of the original host as well as two non-origin diatom hosts (Chaetoceros sp. KBDT32 and Amphiprora sp. KBDT35). Inoculations were repeated under vitamin-replete and vitamin-deficient conditions to assess whether vitamin concentration modulates the impact of bacterial inoculations on the host. The origin Chaetoceros culture was largely unperturbed by bacterial inoculations. In contrast, non-origin hosts experienced long-term impacts on their growth trajectory, and those impacts were found to be dependent on the concentration of vitamins in the growth medium. For the non-origin Chaetoceros, all positive impacts were observed in vitamin-replete conditions and all negative impacts were observed in vitamin-deficient conditions. Amphiprora was only impacted by inoculation with Marinobacter strains in vitamin-deficient conditions, and the effect was negative. Neither individual bacterial strains nor genera resulted in exclusively beneficial nor detrimental impacts, and the magnitude of effect varied among bacterial strains. This study demonstrates that bacterial inoculations can have long-lasting impacts on the growth trajectory of diatoms with an existing microbiome, that this impact can differ even between congeneric diatoms, and that the impact can be significantly modulated by vitamin concentration.

Risk Attitude and Corporate Investment under Output Market Uncertainty: Evidence from The Mekong River Delta, Vietnam

2016 ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Ninh Le Khuong ◽  
Nghiem Le Tan ◽  
Tho Huynh Huu
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Risk Attitude ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Risk Averse ◽  
Market Uncertainty ◽  
Firm Investment ◽  
Output Market ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper aims to detect the impact of firm managers’ risk attitude on the relationship between the degree of output market uncertainty and firm investment. The findings show that there is a negative relationship between these two aspects for risk-averse managers while there is a positive relationship for risk-loving ones, since they have different utility functions. Based on the findings, this paper proposes recommendations for firm managers to take into account when making investment decisions and long-term business strategies as well.

scholarly journals Inequality, policy polarization and the income gap in turnout

2021 ◽  
pp. 135406882110119
Author(s):  
Matthew Polacko
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Party Systems ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Income Gap ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Previous research into the relationship between income inequality and turnout inequality has produced mixed results, as consensus is lacking whether inequality reduces turnout for all income groups, low-income earners, or no one. Therefore, this paper builds on this literature by introducing supply-side logic, through the first individual-level test of the impact that income inequality (moderated by policy manifesto positions) has on turnout. It does so through multilevel logistic regressions utilizing mixed effects, on a sample of 30 advanced democracies in 102 elections from 1996 to 2016. It finds that higher levels of income inequality significantly reduce turnout and widen the turnout gap between rich and poor. However, it also finds that when party systems are more polarized, low-income earners are mobilized the greatest extent coupled with higher inequality, resulting in a significantly reduced income gap in turnout. The findings magnify the negative impacts income inequality can exert on political behavior and contribute to the study of policy offerings as a key moderating mechanism in the relationship.

scholarly journals Environmental Management, Green Innovation, and Social–Open Innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Pham Thu Huong ◽  
Jacob Cherian ◽  
Nguyen Thi Hien ◽  
Muhammad Safdar Sial ◽  
Sarminah Samad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Green Innovation ◽  
Social Image ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Corporate Environmental Management ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The present study aims to determine the impact of green innovation (GI) on the overall performance of an organization while keeping the variable of environmental management (EM) as a moderator. We used a dataset consisting of four data years, from 2014 to 2017, of A-share companies listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE). The concept of green innovation refers to the use of advancements in technology that enable savings in energy, along with the recycling of waste material. When advanced technology is utilized in the production process, the products are referred to as green products and the whole process of adopting such technologies and product design is referred to as “Corporate Environmental Management”. Such innovations improve the overall financial performance of companies as it enables them to improve their social image by reducing their carbon footprint and ensures their long-term sustainability. The main issue is the limited focus and attention given to the topic, from the perspective of companies. This research focuses on the impact of green innovation and the importance of environmental management for the sustainability of companies. Our findings suggest that the relationship between green innovation and the performance of the company is positive and verifies the existence of moderating effects of environmental management on the relationship between green innovation and firm performance. Implications are given to academia and practitioners.

ISSUES OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE STATE BUDGET AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN UZBEKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 4-19
Author(s):  
Akmal Baltayevich Allakuliev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
The State ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Macroeconomic Shocks ◽  
Dynamic Correlations ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The article examines the interaction of the country's GDP with the state budget in the short and long term, the impact of the macro-fiscal mechanism on the country's economic growth on the example of Uzbekistan.The aim of the study is to identify dynamic correlations between the country's state budget expenditures and the economic growth of the macro-fiscal mechanism in the short and long term, as well as to analyze the approximation or rate of return of GDP and the state budget to equilibrium during various macroeconomic shocks. and hesitation.The scientific novelties of the research are:

scholarly journals The Implications of HIV Treatment on the HIV-Malaria Coinfection Dynamics: A Modeling Perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Nyabadza ◽  
B. T. Bekele ◽  
M. A. Rúa ◽  
D. M. Malonza ◽  
N. Chiduku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Qualitative Dynamics ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Long Term Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Multiple Pathogens

Most hosts harbor multiple pathogens at the same time in disease epidemiology. Multiple pathogens have the potential for interaction resulting in negative impacts on host fitness or alterations in pathogen transmission dynamics. In this paper we develop a mathematical model describing the dynamics of HIV-malaria coinfection. Additionally, we extended our model to examine the role treatment (of malaria and HIV) plays in altering populations’ dynamics. Our model consists of 13 interlinked equations which allow us to explore multiple aspects of HIV-malaria transmission and treatment. We perform qualitative analysis of the model that includes positivity and boundedness of solutions. Furthermore, we evaluate the reproductive numbers corresponding to the submodels and investigate the long term behavior of the submodels. We also consider the qualitative dynamics of the full model. Sensitivity analysis is done to determine the impact of some chosen parameters on the dynamics of malaria. Finally, numerical simulations illustrate the potential impact of the treatment scenarios and confirm our analytical results.

The effect of green purchasing on purchasing performance: the moderating role played by long-term relationships and strategic integration

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier González-Benito ◽  
Gustavo Lannelongue ◽  
Luis Miguel Ferreira ◽  
Carmen Gonzalez-Zapatero
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Purchasing Management ◽  
Environmental Practices ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Strategic Integration ◽  
Green Purchasing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse the relationship between the environmental management of purchases and firm performance. The authors examine the moderating role played by two variables: the establishment of long-term relationships with suppliers and the strategic integration of the purchasing function. Design/methodology/approach – The authors conduct an empirical study on a sample of 100 Portuguese firms. Findings – Evidence reveals that green purchasing management improves the performance of the purchasing function, although the impact is greater when the organisation forges lasting alliances with its suppliers. Originality/value – This paper contributes to the study of the consequences of introducing environmental practices into the purchasing function, especially with regards to the formation of a panel of sustainable suppliers. Specifically, this research provides evidence to show that the implementation of those practices has positive impacts on the operating performance of the purchasing function and that the said effect is greater when a firm establishes long-term relationships with its suppliers.

scholarly journals Penyuluhan Tentang Bahaya Penyalahgunaan Narkotik, Psikotropika dan Zat Aditif Bagi Siswa Siswi SMA dan SMK Mutiara 17 Agustus

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwitiyanti Dwitiyanti ◽  
Kriana Efendi ◽  
Supandi Supandi
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Community Services ◽  
School Students ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Harmful Effects

<p>The community services which was carried out entitled "<strong> </strong>Counseling About The Danger Of Narkotic, Psychotropics and Aditive Subtance Abuse For High School Students Mutiara 17 Augustus", aimed to increase students' knowledge and awareness of negative impact of drug abuse and to direct teenagers to channel energy in positive activities, as well as raising awareness raising and establishing self-defense against the dangers posed by drug abuse. The targets achieved were improving understanding and providing information regarding the use, dangers and impacts of drug abuse. Method of implementation of Empowerment Activities and Community Service to partners in the form of mapping of students by way of data the number of students, gender, age, hobbies, smoking/not. The counseling was done by describing psychotropic narcotic drugs and other additives, negative impacts of drug abuse, discussion and questioning, distribution of leaflets aware of drug abuse and evaluation. The result of this dedication shows the students have an increased understanding compared to before being given counseling about the drug and its harmful effects, thereby increasing students' awareness of the impact that can be generated.</p>

scholarly journals Perkawinan Beda Agama Dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2006 Tentang Administrasi Kependudukan (Tinjauan Hukum Islam)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Fakhrurrazi M.Yunus ◽  
Zahratul Aini
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Law ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstrak: Dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2006 tentang Administrasi Kependudukan adanya Pasal yang mengatur tentang perkawinan beda agama, dalam Pasal 35 huruf (a) yang menyatakan bahwa perkawinan yang ditetapkan oleh pengadilan. Namun dalam Undang-Undang tersebut tidak diatur secara jelas, sehingga memberi peluang timbulnya dampak negatif. Namun yang diakui di Indonesia jika pasangan suami istri yang berbeda agama harus memeluk agama yang sama di salah satu pasangan dengan maksud mereka harus pindah agama baik memeluk agama istri maupun suami. Dengan adanya berbagai kemudharatan yang timbul, maka hal itu tidak sesuai dengan hukum Islam. Oleh karena itu, penulis ingin mengetahui dampak perkawinan beda agama yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2006 tentang administrasi  kependudukan dan tinjuan hukum Islam terhadap perkawinan beda agama dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 23 tahun 2006. Dalam penelitian ini, metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Kualitatif. Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian, dampak dari perkawinan beda agama yaitu dampak terhadap rumah tangga yang tidak harmonis menimbulkan kegelisahan, dan sulitnya berkomunikasi. Dampak terhadap anak yang membuat hubungan antara keluarga yaitu anak dan orang tua menjadi kacau dan tidak utuh karena mengetahui kedua orang tuanya berbeda keyakinan. Dampak terhadap harta warisan yang mengakibatkan anak yang lahir dari perkawinan beda agama tidak mempunyai hak untuk mendapatkan harta warisan apabila tidak seagama dengan pewaris yang dalam hal ini pewaris beragama Islam. Adapun tinjauan hukum Islam menyatakan bahwa perkawinan beda agama itu tidak sah, karena menurut fatwa MUI Nomor:4/MUNASVII/MUI/8/2005 menetapkan bahwa nikah beda agama hukumnya haram yang diperkuat dengan firmannya dalam surat al-mumtahanah ayat 10 dan al-baqarah ayat 221.Abstract: in Law No. 23 of 2006 on the administration of the population of the article governing the marriage of different religions, in article 35 letter (a) stating that the marriage is established by the court. But the law is not regulated, so it allows causing negative impacts. But it is recognized in Indonesia if different couples of religion must embrace the same religion in one partner with the intention they have to move religion both embrace the religion of the wife and husband. With the various blessings that arise, it is not under Islamic law. Therefore, the author wants to know the impact of the marriage of different religions organized in law Number 23 the year 2006 about the administration of population and the Islamic law to the marriage of different religions in the law Number 23 the year 2006. In this study, the research method used was qualitative. Based on the results of the study, the impact of the marriage of different religions is the impact on the unharmonious households raises anxiety, and difficulty communicating. The impact on the child who makes the relationship between the family is the child and the parent becomes chaotic and not intact because knowing both parents are different beliefs. The impact on the inheritance that resulted in children born from the marriage of different religions does not have the right to obtain inheritance if not as religious as the heir, in this case, Muslim heirs. The review of Islamic law states that the marriage of different religions is not valid, because according to fatwa MUI number: 4/MUNASVII/MUI/8/2005 stipulates that the marriage of different religious religion is haram strengthened by his word in Sura al-Mumtahanah verse 10 and al-Baqarah verses 221.

scholarly journals Links between exercise/nutrition and antioxidants - protective effects on immune/respiratory systems as defense against viral infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (36) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Abdurrahman Kharbat ◽  
Stephen Rossettie ◽  
Mimi Zumwalt
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Antioxidant Systems ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidant ◽  
Optimal Dosing ◽  
Open Window ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Harmful Effects

This paper discusses factors involved in COVID-19 pathophysiology, with a focus on nutrition, exercise, enzymatic antioxidant systems, and the interplay between immune tolerance and resistance. Of all the supplements, zinc has the most evidence for effectiveness against viruses. However, these data were based primarily on studies measuring duration of the common cold rather than on COVID-19, and optimal dosing remains unclear. Exercise has been shown to have protective tolerogenic effects against viral infection due to the impact of extracellular superoxide dismutases (EC-SODs). Exercise may have a combination of beneficial and harmful effects on outright resistance to viruses in the short term, but taken as a whole it likely has a net protective effect on the immune system. The evidence is examined through the lens of the open window theory and a thorough investigation of the relationship between EC-SODs and exercise/diet. By better understanding the host-virus relationship, clinicians and researchers alike can collaborate to establish guiding principles regarding the steps that individuals can take to protect against some of the deleterious effects of viral infections. More research in this area is needed to understand the relationships among exercise, nutrition, and viral disease. Keywords: COVID-19, SARS CoV-2, nutrition, zinc, EC-SODs, superoxide dismutase, exercise, enzymatic antioxidant/immune systems

Abstract 5772: The Impact of Aortic Plaque Morphology on Survival Rate and the Incidence of Subsequent Embolic Event: Very Long-Term Follow-Up Data

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chisato Izumi ◽  
Shuichi Takahashi ◽  
Sumiyo Hashiwada ◽  
Koji Hanazawa ◽  
Jiro Sakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Event Rate ◽  
Plaque Morphology ◽  
Embolic Event ◽  
Aortic Plaque ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Atheromatous plaques of the aorta have been regarded as a potential source of emboli, but there are few reports about the frequency and prognosis of patients with thoracic aortic plaques and about the relationship between plaque morphology and prognosis, especially long-term follow-up data. The purpose of this study is to clarify the impact of aortic atheromatous plaque morphology on survival rate and the incidence of subsequent embolic event. We retrospectively investigated 1570 consecutive patients who underwent transesophageal echocardiography between 1991 and 2003. The presence of severe plaque (>5mm in thickness) in the thoracic aorta were examined. Survival rate and subsequent embolic event rate were compared between patients with severe plaque and 109 control patients. The control patients were selected from the patients who showed no or mild plaque and as they were matched for age, gender, and risk factors of atherosclerosis with the patients with severe aortic plaque. The relationship between aortic plaque morphology and prognosis was also estimated, according to the presence of ulceration, calcification, hypoechoic plaques, and mobile plaques. Mean follow-up period was 8.7 years. Among 1570 patients, severe aortic plaque was detected in 92 patients (5.9%). These 92 patients showed significantly low survival rate and high subsequent embolic event rate compared with control patients (8-year survival rate, 50% vs 87%, 8-year embolic event free rate, 57% vs 90%). The relative risk of death was significantly increased for ulceration (2.4, 95% CI;1.1–5.2) and the relative risk of embolic events was significantly increased for mobile plaques (2.2, 95% CI;1.1–5.1). In conclusion, aortic plaque > 5mm in thickness was a predictor of a low survival rate and a high embolic event rate. Among patients with aortic plaque >5mm in thickness, ulceration was a predictor of a low survival rate and mobile plaque was a predictor of a high embolic event rate.

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