scholarly journals Fertility Status of Some Selected Floodplain Soils and the Management Recommendations on the Maximun Yield of Tomato (Lycopersicum Esculentum) in Kebbi State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
M. A. Augie ◽  
M. Audu ◽  
M. A. Adegbite ◽  
S. Abdulmalik
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Fertility Status ◽  
Management Recommendations ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The study was under taken to assess the fertility status of the flood plain soils of some selected local government areas of Kebbi State and recommend management practices to be provided for the maximum yield of tomatoes in Kebbi State. Soil samples were analyzed for the various physical and chemical properties following the standard procedures. The study revealed that the soils were predominantly sandy loam in texture with the mean particles composition of 715.71 gkg-1, 87.42 kg-1 and 196.87 kg-1 for sand, silt and clay, respectively. The soils contained low organic carbon of 6.0 gkg-1 and high concentration of nitrogen (0.8 gkg-1) which might be due to frequent addition of nitrogenous fertilizers on the soil. The low available phosphorus of 0.64 mgkg-1 was observed which might be due to acidity level of the soils (pH 5.6). On the basis of exchangeable bases, the soils were discovered to be low in Ca (1.51cmolkg-1), but high in Mg content (1.78 cmolkg-1). The soils contained high Na value of 0.59cmolkg-1 an indication ofsodicity hazard. The K content of 0.64 cmolkg-1 was also high in the soils of the study area. Based on the obtained values of the above parameters, the soils could be considered as medium in fertility. Based on the concentration of EC (0.55 dsm-1) ESP (6.04%) and pH 5.6, the soils could be considered to be free from salinity and sodicity at least for now, but has

scholarly journals Some selected physical and chemical attributes of a Ustalf under different tillage practices at Dutse, Jigawa State Nigeria.

2019 ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
Nabayi A. ◽  
Girei A.H. ◽  
Usman S. ◽  
Abubakar M.S. ◽  
Haruna F.D. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Exchangeable Acidity ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Lower Porosity ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Different tillage practices are being employed by the farmers of Jigawa state, and as such, there is a need to determine its influence on some physical and chemical properties, so that farmers will base their choices on scientific facts rather than assumptions. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of three tillage practices (TP) on soil properties in Federal University Dutse, Teachings and Research farm, Jigawa State. The TP adopted are conventional tillage (CT), reduced tillage (RT) and zero-tillage (ZT). Samples were collected at a depth of 0 -20 cm for the chemical and other physical properties determination, while core samplers were used for bulk density (Bd) determination. All data collected were analyzed using Statistical Analysis Software (SAS and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the significant tillage effect on the parameters measured at 5% level of significance and the means were separated using Least Significance Difference (LSD). The results showed that the soil texture of the study area was sandy loam. ZT differed significantly from other TP with higher Bd value of 1.51 Mg m-3, lower porosity (42.7%), and lower moisture content (10.3). ZT also had higher organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP), exchangeable acidity (0.48 cmol+ kg-1) and bases and most importantly higher CEC (7.5 cmol (+) kg-1) which differed significantly from other tillage practices and the lowest of the most parameters were found in RT. Conclusively, ZT is the best TP to be used by the farmers because of the im- proved physical and chemical parameters and been not only economically sus- tainable but also socially and environmentally friendly.

scholarly journals Assessment of Degradation Status of Soils in Selected Areas of Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Esther Abosede Ewetola ◽  
Folasade Mary Owoade ◽  
Olayinka Olakunle Olatunji
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residues ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Surface Sampling ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The assessment of degradation status of soils in selected areas of Ogbomoso, Oyo state wascarried out. The soil physical and chemical properties were evaluated using mini pits and surface sampling. The laboratory results obtained were compared with the standard indicators and criteria for land degradation assessment according to FAO, 1979. The results revealed that most of the cultivated parts of the study sites were very highly degraded compared to the soil under vegetative fallow which were moderately degraded. The textural class of the soil ranged from loamy sand to sandy loam. Saturated hydraulic conductivity ranged from 1.54 to 3.4 cm hr-1 corresponding low to moderate permeability. Bulk density ranged from 1.53 to 1.60 g cm-3. Organic matter was very low in all the study sites. Available phosphorus was low in all the locations. Total nitrogen was predominantly low in most of the cultivated and fallow soils. Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP) of the sites depicted that most of the soils were slightly sodic. Summarily, the soil physical and chemical properties status when compared with the FAO standard show that the area either cultivated or fallow is under degradation. In order to optimize crop production in these areas, there may be need to introduce soil conservation strategies. The practice may include use of crop residues, green manure or poultry manure to boost soil fertility. Also regular monitoring of the fertility status of the soils is required.

scholarly journals Soil Characteristics and Fertility Indexation in Gujar Khan Area of Rawalpindi

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Obaid ur Rehman ◽  
Shahzada Munawar Mehdi ◽  
Raja Abad ◽  
Shahid Saleem ◽  
Rizwan Khalid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Fertility Status ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Soil characteristics of Gujar Khan area of Rawalpindi district were evaluated through physical and chemical analysis. About 3002 soil samples were received/collected from farmers' fields of Gujar Khan during the period between 2012 and 2017 and analysed for texture, electrical conductivity (ECe), pH, organic matter (OM), available phosphorus (AP) and available potash (AK). The analysis results revealed that texture of the soils varied from sandy loam (33.5%) to loam (61.6%). The 98.6% soils had ECe values within the normal range (< 4 dS/m) and almost 74% soil had from 7.5 to 8.5 pH values with an average of 7.76. Thus there was no salinity/alkanity hazard in the area. Generally most of the soils were poor from the fertility point of view. About 96% soils were poor in both OM and AP contents, whereas, 3.0% soils have OM (>0.86%) and 3.4% satisfactory levels and AP (>7.0-14 mg/Kg). However, 62% soils has satisfactory to adequate AK status. The frequency distribution analysis indicated that 45% soils of Gujar Khan and OM content in the range of 0.4-0.6%, 57% and soil have AP in the range of 4.0-6.0 mg/Kg, while 50% and AK in the range of 81-120 mg/Kg. The soil fertility indexes in respect of OM and AP were low (1.0), whereas AK (1.7) indicating a medium fertility status of Gujar Khan soils.    

scholarly journals Physical and Chemical Properties of Soils in Gambari Forest Reserve Near Ibadan, South Western Nigeria.

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akintola Opeyemi ◽  
Bodede Adewunmi ◽  
Abiola Oluwaseyi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The different features of soil greatly affect the flora and vegetative diversity of a forest. The physical and chemical characteristics of soils in Onigambari Forest Reserve were evaluated to assess the fertility and productivity status of the soils. Fifteen soil samples collected from different sample locations were analyzed for soil texture (sand, silt and clay), bulk density, porosity, pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable bases (Na, K, Ca and Mg) and available micronutrients (Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn). Texturally, the studied soils were loamy sand and sandy loam with percentage of sands (71.2-84.2 %), silts (7.4-10.4 %) and clay (6.4-19.4 %). The bulk density of the soils was 1.61-1.83 % while the porosity of the soils ranged from 35.2-44.1 %. The slightly acidic to neutral soil pH (5.90 - 6.60) and medium organic matter content (1.68 -2.60 %) suggest adequate level of soil nutrients. The soils had high total nitrogen (0.35 -0.65 %) and available phosphorus contents between 10.98 and 18.22mg/kg.

scholarly journals Waste Tire Particles and Gamma Radiation as Modifiers of the Mechanical Properties of Concrete

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Sadot Herrera-Sosa ◽  
Gonzalo Martínez-Barrera ◽  
Carlos Barrera-Díaz ◽  
Epifanio Cruz-Zaragoza
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Waste Tire ◽  
Physical And Chemical

In polymer reinforced concrete, the Young’s modulus of both polymers and cement matrix is responsible for the detrimental properties of the concrete, including compressive and tensile strength, as well as stiffness. A novel methodology for solving such problems is based on use of ionizing radiation, which has proven to be a good tool for improvement on physical and chemical properties of several materials including polymers, ceramics, and composites. In this work, particles of 0.85 mm and 2.80 mm obtained from waste tire were submitted at 250 kGy of gamma radiation in order to modify their physicochemical properties and then used as reinforcement in Portland cement concrete for improving mechanical properties. The results show diminution on mechanical properties in both kinds of concrete without (or with) irradiated tire particles with respect to plain concrete. Nevertheless such diminutions (from 2 to 16%) are compensated with the use of high concentration of waste tire particles (30%), which ensures that the concrete will not significantly increase the cost.

scholarly journals Physical and chemical attributes of archaeological soils developed from shell middens in the Região dos Lagos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1100-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Resende Corrêa ◽  
Carlos Ernesto G.R Schaefer ◽  
Vander de Freitas Melo ◽  
Kleberson Worslley de Souza ◽  
João Carlos Ker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
High Fertility ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
Shell Middens ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Região Dos Lagos ◽  
Physical And Chemical

In prehistoric times, innumerous shell middens, called "sambaquis", consisting mainly of remains of marine organisms, were built along the Brazilian coast. Although the scientific community took interest in these anthropic formations, especially since the nineteenth century, their pedological context is still poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to characterize and identify the physical and chemical changes induced by soil-forming processes, as well as to compare the morphology of shell midden soils with other, already described, anthropogenic soils of Brazil. Four soil profiles developed from shell middens in the Região dos Lagos - RJ were morphologically described and the physical and chemical properties determined. The chemical analysis showed that Ca, Mn, Mg, and particularly P and Zn are indicators of anthropic horizons of midden soils, as in the Amazon Dark Earths (Terras Pretas de Índio). After the deposition of P-rich material, P reaction and leaching can mask or disturb the evidence of in situ man-made strata, but mineralogical and chemical studies of phosphate forms can elucidate the apparent complexity. Lower phosphate-rich strata without direct anthropic inputs indicate P leaching and precipitation in secondary forms. The total and bioavailable contents of Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn, Cu, P, and organic C of midden soils were much higher than of regional soils without influence of ancient human settlements, demonstrating that the high fertility persisted for long periods, at some sites for more than 4000 years. The physical analysis showed that wind-blown sand contributed significantly to increase the sand fraction in the analyzed soils (texture classes sand, sandy loam and sandy clay loam) and that the aeolian sand accumulation occurred simultaneously with the midden formation.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Copper in Soil and its Dependence on Physical and Chemical Properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vítězslav Vlček ◽  
Miroslav Pohanka
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Copper Adsorption ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Soil samples (n = 11) were collected in the chernozem areas of the Czech Republic (the Central Europe) from the topsoil and used as representative samples. All sampling areas have been used for agricultural purposes (arable soil) and they were selected as typical representatives of agricultural soil. These samples represented the soil with same genesis (to reduction differencies between soil types) but with different soil properties (physical and chemical). Complete chemical and physical analyses were made for confirmation of copper adsorption on solid phase: we analysed the particle size distribution, content of oxidizable carbon (Cox), the cation exchange capacity (CEC), supply of exchange calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus and potassium, soil reaction and the total supply of Fe, Al, Mn, Ca, Mg, K, P and N. The strongest simple correlation between analysed soil properties and copper concentration had content of available magnesium (r = 0.44) and available phosphorus (r = −0.51). In the case of multiple correlations (i. e. collective influence of multiple soil properties) had the strongest influence combination of clay, soil reaction, total content of phosphorus, available magnesium and available phosphorus. The main influence of phosphorus and magnesium is evident. We suppose that copper and phosphorus enter into specific complex. Influence of these five soil properties can explain 92.7 % (r = 0.927) changes in the content of copper changes in the experiment.

scholarly journals Farmers’ Perceptions about the Effect of Farm Land Management Practices and Soil Depth on the Distribution of Major Soil Physico-Chemical Properties in Eroded Soils of Aboy Gara Watershed, Gidan District, North Wollo Zone

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-195
Author(s):  
Gebeyaw Tilahun Yeshaneh
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Drainage ◽  
Fertility Status ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Black Color

The study was conducted at the Abuhoy Gara Catchment, which is located in the Gidan District of North Wello Zone. The aim of the study was to study farmers’ perceptions about the effect of farm land management practices and soil depth on the distribution of major soil physico-chemical properties in eroded soils of Aboy Gara watershed. To address this issue, semi-structured interviews were conducted in 64 households to gain insight into soil fertility management practices, local methods were used to assess the fertility status of a field, and perceived trends in soil fertility. Thirty-three farmers were then asked to identify fertile and infertile fields. According to farmers response, farmers’ fields were characterized as fertile where it comprise black color, cracks during dry season, good crop performance, vigorous growth of certain plants and presence of plants in a dry environment whereas the infertile is where it shows yellow/white and red colors, compacted soils, stunted plant growth, presence of rocks and stones and wilting or dying of crops in a hot environment. A total of eight indicators (soil color, texture, soil depth, topography, soil drainage, and distance from home, type of weeds grown and cultivation intensity) were found to be used by farmers to evaluate and monitor soil fertility. The results of administered questions showed that the principal indicators mentioned by farmers as very important were soil colour (82.8%), continuous cropping land (72.2%), soil texture (62.8%), distance from home (61%), type of weeds grown (56%), soil depth (55.6%), topography (51.1%), and soil drainage (28.7%) as very important. So, among sixty four interviewed farmers: deep soil (60 farmers), soils near to home (60 farmers), forest soil (59 farmers), smooth fine soil (59 farmers), black color soil (58 farmers) and gentle slope soil (57farmers) are categorized as fertile whereas 59, 57, 56, 55, and 44farmers said that Sandy/coarse soil, shallow soil depth, steep slope soils and yellow/white, red soils and continuously cultivated soils are infertile, respectively. The overall result showed that there was good agreement between farmers’ assessment of the soil fertility status of a field and a number of these indicators. The soil laboratory analysis also corresponded well with farmers’ assessment of soil fertility. Therefore, to design more appropriate research and to facilitate clear communication with farmers, researchers need to recognize farmers’ knowledge, perceptions about assessments of soil fertility. Because, as they included all soil factors affecting plant growth, farmers’ perceptions of soil fertility were found to be more long term day-to-day close practical experience finding than those of researchers.

scholarly journals Physical and chemical properties of soils in different physiographic environments in the southern Amazonas region

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Willian Barros Nascimento ◽  
Milton César Costa Campos ◽  
Bruno Campos Mantovanelli ◽  
Luís Antônio Coutrim dos Santos ◽  
José Mauricio Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Density ◽  
Broad Class ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Chemical Properties Of Soils ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The Amazon region has a great diversity of landscapes such as forests galleries, natural fields (“Cerrados Amazônicos”), dense forest, these environments made possible the formation of a broad class of soils over time. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical properties of soils in different physiographic environments in southern Amazonas, Brazil. Three areas of representative physiographies were selected, all of them in natural conditions: natural field / forest and floodplain / dry land transitions, and corrugated relief areas. Soil samples were collected in layers of 0.0 to 0.20 and 0.80-1.0 m. From the samples collected the following physical analyzes were performed: particle size, bulk density, particle density, total porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity; and chemical: exchangeable calcium, magnesium, aluminum and potassium available, phosphorus, potential acidity, pH and organic carbon. Based on the results of chemical analysis were calculated the sum of bases and base saturation. The results were submitted to multivariate statistics analysis, at the discretion of the principal component analysis (PCA). From the results it is clear that different physiographic environments studied influence the formation of different soil classes, featuring the diversity of Amazonian soils. The PCA allowed the distinction and formation of different similarity groups, thus enabling to relate the physical and chemical properties with the physiographic formation in which they are inserted.

scholarly journals Studies on Integrated Nutrient Management of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata l.): A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
Bimesh Dahal
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Integrated Nutrient Management ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
The Status ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Physical And Chemical

There are many management methods for nutrient which can be specifically applied in farming systems. Integrated nutrient management (INM) generally denotes the combined use of organic and chemical fertilizers for producing crops in a sustainable manner and to maintain soil fertility as well as to supply nutrient in appropriate amount which consider social, ecological and economic impacts. This paper shows the importance and need of INM in agriculture production. Also, the relation of INM and yield attributes are analyzed and evaluated including growth and physical attributes of cowpea. The status of nutrient uptake by plant is also described along with other physical and chemical properties of soil. Finally, this paper also describes about the biofertilizer and its relation, impact and effect on crop production which can be used as a improved technology with the combination of other nutrient management practices.

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