scholarly journals Effect of Soybean and Finger Millet Flours on the Physicochemical and Sensory Quality of Beef Meat Sausage

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-14
Author(s):  
B. Behailu ◽  
M. Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Bahir Dar ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Beef Meat ◽  
Four Levels

Aims: Nowadays increasing costs of animal protein has necessitated the need to investigate uses of cheaper and nutritive alternatives various food formulations. To increase nutritional value and sensory qualities of sausage from soybean and finger millet flours and beef meat and to reduce the formulation costs of the product. Study Design: The experiment was set in single factor experiments. Blending ratio (soy-millet flour and beef meat ratios of 10:90, 20:80, 30:70 and 0:100%) with four levels and triplicate. blend proportion of soybean and finger millet flours is similar. Place and Duration of Study: Sample preparation, product processing and quality analysis was carried out in Bahir Dar institute of technology, Department of Food Engineering, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia between April 2017 and June 2018. Methodology: Four batches of beef sausages were investigated in which finger millet and soy flours were substituted with beef meat. Proximate composition with selected mineral contents, sensory characteristics, physical properties and production cost of sausages were determined. Percentage proximate composition were determined by using the standard methods of Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Calcium and zinc were analyzed by EDTA titration and Modified AOAC respectively and physical property of sausage were also analyzed. Results: As soy and finger millet flours inclusion increase, the nutritional value of sausage increased such as moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre, crude ash and the cooking yield from 56.91(control) to 77.24% (30% inclusion) by reducing weight loss. The sausage products were generally accepted and 20% soy and millet flour inclusion was “liked very much. Soy and finger millet flour inclusion reduced production cost from 177 (control) to 142 ETB (30% inclusion) per mix (1150 g). Conclusion: Soybean and finger millet flours were used in beef sausage products to improve nutritional value, consumer acceptability and reduce the formulation cost. These results suggest that beef meat can be used successfully for the production of beef meat sausage as an alternative uses of different flours.

scholarly journals Nutritional Value of Two Underutilized Wild Plant Leaves Consumed as Food in Northern Angola: Mondia whitei and Pyrenacantha klaineana

2020 ◽  
pp. 116-127
Author(s):  
M. Mawunu ◽  
M. Pedro ◽  
T. Lautenschläger ◽  
F. M. Biduayi ◽  
P. M. Kapepula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Edible Plants ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Fiber Protein

Background/Aims: Traditional edible plants are good sources of minerals, fibers, proteins and others useful phytochemicals for human nutrition and health. Mondia whitei and Pyrenacantha klaineana leaves are underutilized, wild edible plants considered as food and spice in habitants in some part of Northern Angola. The aim of this study was to investigate the nutritional value and mineral contents of M. whitei and P. klaineana leaves. Materials and Methods: The leaves were harvested from a forest. The samples were analyzed for proximate and mineral contents using the standard methods. The results were analyzed statistically using mean and standard deviation. Results: The proximate composition of M. whitei raw and cooked leaves showed that the samples had ranged of ash, 9.53 - 12.93%, fiber 13.16 - 15.11%, protein 16.48 - 19.24%, fat 2.95 - 4.94%, carbohydrates 51.59 - 54.48% and energy (kcal) 310.39 - 326.10 in 100 g respectively. The proximate composition of P. klaineana raw and cooked leaves showed that the samples had range of ash, 4.13 - 6.74%, fiber 40.45 - 43.56%, protein 14.93 - 18.80%, fat 1.13 - 3.78%, carbohydrates 29.74 - 36.58% and energy (kcal) 217.77 - 227.88 in 100 g respectively. The mineral contents of the P. klaineana raw leaves, K 2459.20 mg, Ca 2126.33 mg, P 239.90 mg, Se 77.86 mg are richer than M. whitei raw leaves, K 1149.83 mg, Ca 844.87 mg, P 175.89 mg, etc. Conversely, the leaves of M. whitei are richer in Se 87.80 mg and Cu 3.14 mg/ 100 g than the P. klaineana (Se 77.86 and Cu 2.84 mg/100 g). Conclusion: The wild edible leaves are rich in nutritional value and mineral composition such as fiber, protein, Ca, Fe, K, Mn, Mg, P, Se etc. The consumption of M. whitei and P. klaineana leaves should be vulgarized to nutrition, diversity diet and food security.

scholarly journals Proximate, Antinutrient and Mineral Contents of Aframomum danielli (Ataiko) Seed

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Peters Dikioye Emmanuel ◽  
Kojo, Sarah
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
High Intake ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Caloric Value ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Micronutrient Malnutrition

Background: Plant seeds are rich in nutrients and antinutrients which interfere with bioavailability of minerals. Objective: This research was aimed at evaluating the proximate, anti-nutrients and minerals compositions and estimation of relative mineral bioavailability of Aframomum danielli seed (Ataiko). Methods: Proximate composition was assessed by AOAC methods, minerals by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and anti-nutrients by titrimetric methods. Results: Proximate compositions in percentage revealed carbohydrate with (51.95±0.15), crude fibre (16.00±0.10) and fat (2.35±0.15) was least. Caloric value (kcal 100 g) was 286.55±2.75 Phytate (1.98±0.03%) was higher than oxalate (0.06±0.00%). Major mineral percentage included phosphorus (7401.43 ± 318.24) and sulphur (1926.58 ± 21.49), minor minerals were in trace amounts. Molar ratios of phytate: Fe, Zn and Ca and oxalate:Ca were above their critical values. Conclusion: A. daneilli seed is rich in nutrients, has high caloric value. High intake could lead to micronutrient malnutrition.

Estimation of Nutritional and Mineral Contents of Eleusine coracana and Echinochloa frumentacea – Two Edible Wild Crops of India

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-366
Author(s):  
Subhash Chandra ◽  
Sarla Saklani ◽  
Ruchi B. Semwal ◽  
Deepak K. Semwal
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Eleusine Coracana ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Mineral Profile ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Aoac Method ◽  
Echinochloa Frumentacea

Background: Barnyard millet is rich in protein, iron, calcium, phosphorus, fibre and vitamin content whereas finger millet is used in regular food and considered to be more nutritious than rice. Objective: The aim of this research was to develop new food supplements with potential pharmacological activity from readily accessed natural products. Methods: In the present study, we investigated the nutritional and mineral profile of the extracts of Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn. and Echinochloa frumentacea Link seeds. The extraction process involved fractionation with various solvents whereas the estimation of nutrients and minerals was done using AOAC method and ICPMS techniques. Results: The levels of crude protein, carbohydrates, crude fibre and ash content in E. coracana seeds were found to 7.30%, 68.10%, 3.60% and 8.50%, respectively whereas 2.87%, 80.93%, 5.80% and 5.30%, respectively were measured in the seeds of E. frumentacea. Conclusion: The seeds of E. coracana and E. frumentacea were found as highly medicinal and nutritional due to the presence of vitamins, minerals and other needful nutrients.

scholarly journals Dry matter yield, mineral contents and proximate composition of Panicum maximum (Jacq var. Ntchisi) sown with forage legumes

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-189
Author(s):  
F. T Ajayi
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mineral Contents

This study assessed the dry matter yield, mineral and proximate composition of Panicum maximum Jacq var. Ntchisi planted with Lablab purpureus (Lablab), Centrosema pubescens (Centro), Aeschynomene histrix (A. histrix) and Stylosanthes guianensis (Stylo) in a 3 x 5 factorial experiment using Randomized Complete Block Design in early, mid and late rainy season. The dry matter yields (DMY) of panicum sown with Lablab (11.82 t/ha/yr) was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that observed for other mixtures. The least DMY of 9.46 t/ha/yr was observed for panicum in panicum/ A. histrix mixture. The yields recorded for Stylo and Lablab were highest in mid and late rainy seasons than in the early rain. Panicum sown with Lablab had the highest DM (37.71g/100g DM), Crude protein (CP) (11.36g/100g DM), ether extracts (7.20g/100g DM) and ash content (2.52g/100g DM). Among the legumes, Lablab had the highest CP (23.29 g/100g DM), crude fibre (10.61 g/100g DM) and ash content (3.96 g/100g DM). However, Centro was highest in ether extract (9.30g/100g DM). Panicum sown with Lablab had higher concentration of sodium (Na) and iron (Fe) while panicum planted with Stylo had highest concentration of phosphorus (P). The concentration of calcium (Ca) was similar (P>0.05) among the mixtures but differed (P<0.05) in the legumes. Stylo had the highest Ca concentration (0.72%) whereas highest P and Fe values were observed in Lablab. In conclusion, panicum harvested from panicum/lablab mixture had the highest DMY, CP, EE and ash content of grass in early, mid and late rainy season than the other mixtures.   

scholarly journals Nutrient Composition, Mineral and Anti-Nutrient Components of Processed Wild Cocoyam (Caladium Bicolor, (Ait) Vent)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-145
Author(s):  
M. D. Udo ◽  
G. D. Eyoh ◽  
C. P. Jimmy ◽  
U. E. Ekpo
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Ruminant Animals ◽  
Processing Techniques

In the subtropic and perhaps worldwide a novel plant Caladium bicolor (wild cocoyam, Ikpong Ekpo) has not actually been utilized as food for man, livestock or poultry, though in abundance. Also, the effective utilization of wild cocoyam (Caladium bicolor) tubers in livestock and poultry feed is limited by the presence of anti-nutrient components which requires some form of processing. The effect of boiling and soaking on gross energy, mineral composition, anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) and proximate composition of wild cocoyam (Caladium bicolor (Ait), Vent) were determined with the aim of investigating its suitability as a feed ingredient. The soaked, raw and boiled tubers were dried, milled and analyzed for chemical compositions. Crude protein contents of raw and processed Caladium bicolor tubers range were 7.58% - 8.28% and the crude fibre values ranged between1.92 - 2.12%. The gross energy value of boiled Caladium bicolor tubers was higher (2.85kcal/g) and also statistically similar (p>0.05) to both raw and soaked Caladium bicolor tubers. The micro and macro mineral composition of boiled Caladium bicolor tubers was significantly (p<0.05) lower compared to soaking method. Values obtained for boiled Caladium bicolor tubers were significantly (p<0.05) lower in all the toxic substances determined, except for the HCN content being above the tolerable limit for ruminant animals. The results indicate that processing techniques adopted enhanced the proximate composition, caloric components, mineral contents and significantly (p>0.05) lowered in the level of anti-nutrients present in wild cocoyam (Caladium bicolor (Ait). Vent) tubers with boiling being the best and hence the recommended processing method for use in detoxifying C. bicolor.

scholarly journals Nutritional value of dietary raw bambara nut offal fortified with enzyme (Natuzyme ®) on the performance of broiler chickens

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-233
Author(s):  
C. D. Tuleun ◽  
E. A. Okereke ◽  
T. A. Sunmola
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Nutritional value of dietary raw bambara nut offal fortified with enzyme (Natuzyme ) on the performance of broiler chickens were investigated. Two hundred and fourty (240), unsexed one day-old commercial broiler chicks (Marshal Strain) were randomly divided into eight groups of 30 birds each. The groups were randomly assigned to eight iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous diets in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement involving four levels (0, 10, 20 and 30 %) of raw bambara nut offal and 2 enzyme levels (0 and 0.025 %). Each treatment was replicated three times with ten birds per replicate. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) among treatments in AFW, ADWG, ADFI, FCR and PER. Chickens fed 10 % BGO without ® Natuzyme had higher (P < 0.05) FBW, ADWG and ADFI than chickens fed 0, 20 and 30% BGO diets. Least (P<0.05) ADFI and better FCR was recorded on broiler chickens fed control diet and 20 % BGO with enzyme. respectively. Addition of enzyme improved (P < 0.05) AFW and ADWG at 20 and 30 % BGO level. Significantly (P<0.05) higher AFW, ADWG and ADFI revealed that inclusion level of BGO at 10 % did not pose any deleterious effects on the birds. There were significant (P < 0.05) differences among treatments in the digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein, crude fibre (CF), ether extract (EE) and nitrogen-free extract (NFE). There was no interaction (P>0.05) between enzyme and BGO across the dietary treatments. Significant (P < 0.05) differences were observed in all the blood profile parameters observed across the dietary treatments except eiosinophil concentration. It was concluded that up to 30 % BGO can be included in enzyme supplemented broiler finisher diet without adverse effects on the performance, nutrients digestibility and blood profile of broiler finisher chickens

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of the Nutritive Value of Smoked, Dried Procambarus clarkii (Freshwater Crayfish) from Three Nigerian States

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Oluwafemi Akinsola Omole ◽  
Oluwafunmike Blessing Adepoju ◽  
Oluwasola Toluwalope Moradeyo ◽  
Olayinka Josephine Okuneye ◽  
Adunola Abosede Bello
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Procambarus Clarkii ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Freshwater Crayfish ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Significant Difference

The nutritive value of smoked, dried Procambarus clarkii sourced from Akwa Ibom, Rivers and Lagos states of Nigeria were evaluated and compared.  The proximate composition of the crayfish samples were determined using official methods of analysis, mineral composition were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer and  the amino acid composition were analysed using Amino Acid Analyser. The proximate composition of the crayfish samples from three different locations (Akwa Ibom, Lagos and Rivers states) such as moisture, crude protein, crude fat and ash contents showed significant difference (p<0.05) across the selected locations while crude fibre and carbohydrate content showed no significant difference (p<0.05) across the selected locations. The amino acids composition gave the crayfish sample from Akwa Ibom state as the richest source of essential amino acids. The mineral contents of the crayfish samples such as potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese and calcium showed significant difference (p<0.05) across the selected locations while calcium, zinc and sodium contents showed no significant difference (p<0.05) across the selected locations. Comparing their nutrient component, smoked, dried P. Clarkia from Awka Ibom state possess the richest nutritive value. 

scholarly journals PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF Reinwardtiodendron humile (Hassk.) Mabb. FRUIT FROM BOGOR BOTANIC GARDENS COLLECTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Saniyatun Mar'atus Solihah ◽  
Inggit Puji Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Botanic Gardens ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Nutritional Values

Abstract   Reinwardtiodendron humile (Hassk.) Mabb. is one of the members of the Meliaceae tribe with the potential to be developed and consumed as fresh fruit or processed fruit. This research aims to determine the proximate composition or nutritional values contained in R. humile. Proximate analysis of R. humile included analytical determinations of water, ash, crude fat, protein, crude fibre, and carbohydrates. All tests for each of the parameters or components were carried out two times. Then, the contents determined through proximate tests were calculated using certain formulas. The results of this study indicate that the proximate composition of R. humile consisted of water, ash, fat, protein, crude fibre, and carbohydrates (74.2% - 75.28%; 1.35% - 1.54%; 0.53% - 0.72%; 2.48% - 2.73%; 0.86% - 3, 47%; and 16.7% - 20.14%). These results meant the fruit contents met the quality standards of fruit, except for the protein content. The results of the analysis of the proximate composition also show that the nutritional values of R. humile fruit did not significantly differ from the nutritional values of other fruits of the Meliaceae tribe commonly consumed by humans, such as duku, langsat, and kokosan.   Keywords: fruit, nutritional value, proximate analysis, Reinwardtiodendron humile                                 

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION OF OIL AND CAKE FROM Spirogyra porticallis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
D. D. Gaiya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Stretching Vibrations ◽  
Algae Oil

Aim. Search of healthy and edible alternative oils from algae. Such oil provides many health benefits mainly because of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) form of omega-3 fattyacids and some other micro nutrients in smaller amounts. Methods. Soxhlet extraction method was used to extract the oil with n-hexane as the solvent. The proximate composition was determined by AOAC methods, while the mineral contents were determined by AAS. FTIR and UV-Visible spectra of the oil were run using Agilent- FTIR Spectrometer and UV-Visible Spectrophotometer respectively. Results. The oil yield was very low (1.05%). The proximate composition reveals carbohydrate as the major nutrient in the residue (79.18%), others include lipid (8.03%), crude protein (5.00%), moisture (2.78%), crude fibre (3.01%) and ash (2.00%). The mineral composition reveals high amount of potassium (1602.5 mg/100g) and calcium (632.5 mg/100g) with low levels of phosphorous (14.9 mg/100g) and sodium (12.8 mg/100g). The FTIR spectrum of algae oil is similar to the normal vegetable oil. Stretching vibrations at 2922.2 cm-1 and 2855 cm-1 are attributed to methylene (-CH2--) and methyl (-CH3) groups while absorption bands at 1710 cm-1 and 1744 cm-1 showed carboxylic groups for algae oil and vegetable oil (control) which was attributed to C=O stretching vibrations (esters). The UV-Visible spectrum of algae oil showed two peaks at 408 nm and 660 nm for carotenoids and chlorophyll A respectively, which corroborate with previous studies. Conclusions. We conclude that the oil and cake characterized from Spirogyra porticallis has great potential for medicinal and nutritional usage.

scholarly journals Proximate composition of red and black finger millet (Eleusine coracana) varieties

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
M. H. Bot ◽  
G. S. Bawa ◽  
J. J. Omage ◽  
P. A. Onimisi ◽  
D. Y. Bot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Eleusine Coracana ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Livestock Feed ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract

The aim of determining the proximate composition of red and black finger millet/Tamba (Eleusine coracana) varieties was to ascertain their nutritional composition and their ability to be used as feed ingredients. The finger millets used in this experiment were purchased from local markets in Ganawuri of Plateau and Manchok in Kaduna States and were subjected to proximate analysis. The results revealed that the millets contained Dry Matter – 88.48 and 87.55 %; Crude Protein (CP) – 13.98 and 13.14 %; Ether Extract (EE) – 3.70 and 3.10 %; Crude Fiber (CF) – 6.67 and 7.02 %; Ash – 4.90 and 4.36 %; Nitrogen Free Extract (NFE) – 59.22 and 59.84 % for the red and black finger millets, respectively. Based on these results, it can be concluded that finger millet is a nutritious feed resource irrespective of the variety and can be incorporated into animal feed in the livestock industry. It is recommended for farmers to use the crop by incorporating into livestock feed because of its rich proximate composition.   L'objectif de la détermination de la composition immédiate des variétés de mil rouge et noir / Tamba (Eleusinecoracana) était de vérifier leur composition nutritionnelle et leur capacité à être utilisées comme ingrédients alimentaires. Des variétés de mil rouge et noir utilisées dans cette expérience ont été achetées aux marchés locaux de Ganawuri de l'état de Plateau et de Manchok del'état de Kaduna et ont été soumises à une analyse immédiate. Les résultats ont révélé que les variétés de mil contenaient de la matière sèche - 88,48 et 87,55% ; Protéine Brute (PB) –13,98 et 13,14% ; Extrait d'éther (EE) –3,70 et 3,10% ; le 'crude fibre' (CF) –6,67 et 7,02% ; Cendres – 4,90 et 4,36% ; Extrait sans azote (le 'NFE') –59,22 et 59,84% pour les mil rouges et noirs, respectivement. Sur la base de ces résultats, on peut conclure que le mil rouge et noir est une ressource alimentaire nutritive quelle que soit la variété et peut être incorporée dans l'alimentation animale dans l'industrie de l'élevage. Il est recommandé aux agriculteurs d'utiliser la culture en l'incorporant dans l'alimentation du bétail en raison de sa riche composition immédiate.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document