In vitro Antisalmonellal and Antioxidant Properties of Mangifera indica L. Stem Bark Crude Extracts and Fractions

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Landric Noghogne ◽  
Donatien Gatsing ◽  
Fotso ◽  
Norbert Kodjio ◽  
Jean Sokoudjou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Crude Extracts

scholarly journals In-vitro Antimicrobial Activities and Phytochemical Screening of Selected Plant Extracts against Some Medically and Agriculturally Important Pathogens

2020 ◽  
pp. 167-189
Author(s):  
Yirgashewa Asfere ◽  
Ameha Kebede ◽  
Dejene Zinabu
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Ruta Chalepensis ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Scientific Justification

In Ethiopia, many plants are used for medicinal drive-by old-style naturopaths without any scientific justification for their therapeutic values. The principal aim of this study were to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of the leaf, root and stem bark extracts of Rhamnus prinioides (gesho), Justicia schimperiana (sensel) and Ruta chalepensis (Tena adam) against some common pathogenic species of bacteria and fungi. The results of this study shown that the crude extracts of ethanol, methanol, hexane and water crude extracts had antimicrobial activities on most bacterial and fungi species of some solvent extracts. Ethanol and methanol crude extracts had the highest growth inhibitory effects as compared with those of the aqueous and hexane crude extracts. But, the four solvent crude extracts had fewer antimicrobial activities than commercially available drug(chloramphenicol and clotrimazole). Campylobacter jejuni and Staphylococcus aureus were found to be the most vulnerable microbes to the crude ethanol (99.5%). The growth-inhibitory events of the crude extracts were found to be significantly dissimilar for both concentrations (30 and 60 mg/ml) in all plant parts (p < 0.05). In general, this study did not only indicate that the antibacterial activities of R. prinioides (gesho), J. schimperiana (sensel) and R. chalepensis (Tena adam). It also accesses a scientific justification for its old-style use against some diseases.

In vitro antioxidant properties of crude extracts and compounds from brown algae

2013 ◽  
Vol 138 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 1764-1785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena M. Balboa ◽  
Enma Conde ◽  
Andres Moure ◽  
Elena Falqué ◽  
Herminia Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Brown Algae ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Crude Extracts

scholarly journals Anthelmintic Activity of Hymenodictyon pachyanta Stem Bark Extracts against Haemonchus Contortus

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
D. O. Olayemi ◽  
M. M. Onakpa ◽  
O. C. Jegede
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Anthelmintic Activity ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract The development of host resistance to anthelmintics and the increasing cost of commercial anthelmintics have encouraged the need for the in vitro anthelmintic evaluation of crude extract and fractions of Hymenodictyon pachyanta plant as alternative drugs against Haemonchus contortus. H. contortus is one of the most prevalent and highly pathogenic parasitic nematodes in small ruminant farming globally. H. pachyanta stem bark is a prospective plant used by the local and indigenous farmers of Nsukka, Enugu state, Nigeria. The stem bark of H. pachyanta were collected, dried, pulverized and extracted with 80 % methanol. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vitro anthelmintic effects of these crude extract and fractions against H. contortus in sheep and goats. The two extracts (crude and fractions) of H. pachyanta were tested by the egg hatch assay (EHA) and the larval development inhibition assays (LDIA) and to compared the results with albendazole (as the positive control). The concentrations for the crude extract and albendazole used for this study were 0.78, 1.56, 3.125, 6.25 and 12.5 mg.ml−1. The results demonstrated that the crude extracts, fractions and albendazole all at the concentration doses of 12.5 mg.ml−1 produced 100 % inhibition of egg hatching and larval development. Statistically, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the mean percentage inhibition of egg hatching and larval development inhibition of the crude extracts and fractions when compared with albendazole. However, a significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed with n-butanol fraction which inhibited 96.17 % of egg hatchability. All of the extracts and albendazole showed ovicidal and larvicidal effects and were able to induce over 50 % of the egg hatching and mortality of larvae at the concentration ranges of 0.78—12.5 mg.ml−1. The results obtained from our study suggest that H. pachyanta had ovicidal and larvicidal activity against H. contortus and that the bioactive plants compounds responsible for this effect could be attributed to the presence of tannins, alkaloids and the saponins contained in the crude extracts.

scholarly journals In vitro and in vivo antioxidant potentials of the methanolic crude extract from Inula glomerata Oliv. & Hiern (Asteraceae) and Salacia kraussii (Harv.) Harv (Celastraceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-426
Author(s):  
Michael C Ojo ◽  
◽  
Foluso O Osunsanmi ◽  
Nkosinathi D Cele ◽  
Godfrey E Zharare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Modality ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Crude Extracts

Reactive oxygen species are implicated in multiple pathological conditions including erectile dysfunction. This study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant potential of the methanolic extracts of Inula glomerata and Salacia kraussii. The plant materials were pulverized and extracted with methanol. The phytochemical analysis, ability of the crude extracts to scavenge free radicals (ABTS, DPPH, NO.) in vitro as well as the total phenolic and flavonoid contents was investigated. In vivo, antioxidant potentials of the crude extracts (50/250 mg/kg body weight) were determined in an erectile dysfunction rat model. The phytochemical analysis revealed that both plants contain flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and alkaloids. The crude extracts at varying degree of efficiency, scavenged ABTS and DPPH radicals. The crude extracts at low concentrations (50 mg/kg b.w) significantly (p<0.05) diminished the level of malondialdehyde, augmented catalase activities and elevated glutathione levels. However, SOD activities were significantly boosted in a dose-dependent manner by the crude extracts. Therefore, I. glomerata and S. kraussii possess antioxidant properties, hence, can serve as a therapeutic modality in the treatment of oxidative stress-induced erectile dysfunction.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Digestive Enzymes, Antioxidant and Free Radical Scavenging Capacities of Stem Bark Extracts of Coula edulis Baill (Olacaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Eric Beyegue ◽  
Boris G. K. Azantsa ◽  
Angie M-A Mbong ◽  
Julius E. Oben
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Oh Radicals

Prolonged hyperglycemia enhances oxidative stress. Bioactive compounds extracted possess antioxidant, anti-free radical potentials or the ability to reduce blood sugar levels. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of extracts of stem bark of Coula edulis Baill., their abilities to trap free radicals and glucose, as well as their ability to inhibit &alpha;-amylase and invertase activities. In vitro assays were used to test the trapping capacity of extracts on DPPH, ABTS, NO, and OH radicals; to evaluate the antioxidant capacity, the activity of glycosylation and the capacity of inhibition of the activities of &alpha;-amylase and invertase were conducted. Also, phenolic, flavonoid and alkaloid contents of extracts were determined. Results showed that extracts of the stem bark of C. edulis have anti-radical properties. The extracts chelate DPPH, hydroxyl (OH), nitrite oxide (NO), ABTS radicals, and even glucose. The IC50 values varied depending on the nature of the extraction solvent. Ethanolic extract has the highest polyphenolic content (289.12 &plusmn; 30.31 &micro;g catechin equivalent/g), flavonoids (1.12 &plusmn; 0.09 &micro;g quercetin equivalent/g) and alkaloids (5.54 &plusmn; 0.59 &micro;g quinin equivalent/g). The extracts also reduce invertase and &alpha;-amylase activities. C. edulis extracts present strong antioxidant potentials and can be used as a source of natural antioxidants for the prevention of oxidative stress and hyperglycemia.

Anti-Bacterial from Moringa oleifera Lamk Crude Extracts

2014 ◽  
Vol 1060 ◽  
pp. 223-226
Author(s):  
Perayot Pamonsinlapatham
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bacterial Activity ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Agar Diffusion Method

Moringa oleiferaLamk (Moringaceae) is a worldwide use for food and traditional medicine. In this study, plants were separated into seven parts: 1) Leaf, 2) Drum, 3) Branching, 4) Seed, 5) Outer stem, 6) Stem bark, and 7) Root, respectively. Then, they were extracted by two different methods: methanol soxhlet extraction and ethanol maceration. All crude extracts were tested for anti-bacterial activity by agar diffusion method and colorimetric micro-dilution plate technique. The results showed that 7 parts of Moringa crude extracts had low anti-bacterial activity againstStaphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli, andPseudomonas aeruginosawhen compared with standard antibiotic (ampicillin or gentamycin). In conclusion, anti-bacterial effects ofM. oleiferacrude extracts had low anti-bacterial activityin vitrotest.

In vitro antiplasmodial activity and cytotoxicity of crude extracts and compounds from the stem bark of Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth (Bignoniaceae)

2011 ◽  
Vol 108 (6) ◽  
pp. 1383-1390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Zofou ◽  
Archile Bernabe Ouambo Kengne ◽  
Mathieu Tene ◽  
Moses N. Ngemenya ◽  
Pierre Tane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Bark ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Crude Extracts

scholarly journals Comparative Phytochemical and in vitro Antioxidant Screening of the Root and Stem Bark of Annona muricata Linn

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-61
Author(s):  
C. E. Anarado ◽  
F. M. Chukwubueze ◽  
C. J. O. Anarado ◽  
N. L. Umedum ◽  
C. B. Nwanya
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Solvent Polarity ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Annona Muricata ◽  
Stem Bark Extract

Aim: To compare the phytochemicals and antioxidant activities of stem bark and root extracts of Annona muricata. Methodology: The stem bark and root of Annona muricata were collected, washed, air-dried, ground and each extracted with methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane. The extracts were analysed for the presence of phytochemicals. Antioxidant screening was also carried out on the samples. Results: Cardiac glycosides were present in all the extracts of both root and stem bark. Alkaloids were present in moderate abundance in all the extracts except the ethyl acetate stem bark extract. Saponins and tannins were found in methanol extracts of both parts and also in very high abundance but the stem contained higher amount of saponins while alkaloids and tannins were found more in the root. Flavonoids were only found in the ethyl acetate stem bark extract.  Steroids were absent in all the extracts except n-hexane root extract. The root showed greater enzymatic antioxidant activities than the stem bark. The solvent polarity affected the phytochemical found in each extract.  The antioxidant activities of the catalase, superoxidase dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were significantly higher in the root of Annona muricata than in the stem. Conversely, peroxidase showed a significantly higher activity in the stem than in the root. Conclusion: The stem bark and root exhibited good antioxidant properties, so there is need to isolate the compounds responsible for antioxidant property exhibited by the plant parts.

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